Luteovirus

Last updated

Luteovirus
Virus classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Kitrinoviricota
Class: Tolucaviricetes
Order: Tolivirales
Family: Tombusviridae
Genus:Luteovirus

Luteovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Tombusviridae . There are 13 species in this genus. Plants serve as natural hosts. [1] [2] The geographical distribution of Luteoviruses is widespread, with the virus primarily infecting plants via transmission by aphid vectors. The virus only replicates within the host cell and not within the vector . The name 'luteovirus' arises from the Latin luteus, which is translated as 'yellow'. Luteovirus was given this name due to the symptomatic yellowing of the plant that occurs as a result of infection.

Contents

Taxonomy

The genus contains the following species: [2]

Morphology and genome structure

Viruses in Luteovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 25-30 nm, [1] with 32 capsomeres in each nucleocapsid. The nucleic acid content is around 28%. [3] Luteovirus is a group IV virus according to the Baltimore classification of viruses. Each virion contains a single strand of (+) sense RNA. The genome is non-segmented, linear and between 5300 and 5900 nucleotides long. Notably, luteoviruses have two 5' open reading frames (ORFs) which are located upstream of the coat protein. One such ORF encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Several other ORFs are present at the 3' terminus and are expressed from subgenomic RNA. Viruses in Luteovirus also lack polyadenylation at the 3' terminus. [3]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
LuteovirusIcosahedralT=3Non-envelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning, -1 ribosomal frameshifting, and suppression of termination. [4] The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. The virus is transmitted via a vector (insects). Transmission routes are vector and mechanical. [1]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
LuteovirusPlantsPhloemViral movement; mechanical inoculationViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical inoculation: aphids

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Satellite (biology)</span> Subviral agent which depends on a helper virus for its replication

A satellite is a subviral agent that depends on the coinfection of a host cell with a helper virus for its replication. Satellites can be divided into two major classes: satellite viruses and satellite nucleic acids. Satellite viruses, which are most commonly associated with plants, are also found in mammals, arthropods, and bacteria. They encode structural proteins to enclose their genetic material, which are therefore distinct from the structural proteins of their helper viruses. Satellite nucleic acids, in contrast, do not encode their own structural proteins, but instead are encapsulated by proteins encoded by their helper viruses. The genomes of satellites range upward from 359 nucleotides in length for satellite tobacco ringspot virus RNA (STobRV).

<i>Geminiviridae</i> Family of viruses

Geminiviridae is a family of plant viruses that encode their genetic information on a circular genome of single-stranded (ss) DNA. There are 520 species in this family, assigned to 14 genera. Diseases associated with this family include: bright yellow mosaic, yellow mosaic, yellow mottle, leaf curling, stunting, streaks, reduced yields. They have single-stranded circular DNA genomes encoding genes that diverge in both directions from a virion strand origin of replication. According to the Baltimore classification they are considered class II viruses. It is the largest known family of single stranded DNA viruses.

Sequivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Secoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: PYFV: vein-yellowing, yellow flecks and yellow/green mosaic symptoms in parsnip, and ‘yellow net', followed by yellow spots and leaf distortion in celery.

<i>Tombusviridae</i> Family of viruses

Tombusviridae is a family of single-stranded positive sense RNA plant viruses. There are three subfamilies, 17 genera, and 95 species in this family. The name is derived from Tomato bushy stunt virus (TBSV).

<i>Tymoviridae</i> Family of viruses

Tymoviridae is a family of single-stranded positive sense RNA viruses in the order Tymovirales. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 42 species in this family, assigned to three genera, with two species unassigned to a genus.

Barley yellow dwarf (BYD) is a plant disease caused by the barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), and is the most widely distributed viral disease of cereals. It affects the economically important crop species barley, oats, wheat, maize, triticale and rice.

Furovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Virgaviridae. Graminae, winter wheat, wheat, triticale, oat, sorghum bicolor, and plants serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: (SBWMV): green and yellow mosaic.

<i>Fijivirus</i> Genus of viruses

Fijivirus is a genus of double-stranded RNA viruses in the family Reoviridae and subfamily Spinareovirinae. Plants serve as natural hosts. Diseases associated with this genus include: galls (tumours) in infected plants and Fiji disease, with severe stunting, deformation and death. The group name derives from Fiji island the place where the first virus was isolated. There are nine species in this genus.

<i>Phytoreovirus</i> Genus of viruses

Phytoreovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Reoviridae, in the subfamily Sedoreovirinae. They are non-turreted reoviruses that are major agricultural pathogens, particularly in Asia. Oryza sativa for RDV and RGDV, dicotyledonous for WTV, and leafhoppers serve as natural hosts. There are three species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: WTV: galls (tumor). RDV: dwarf disease of rice. RGDV: dwarfing, stunting, and galls.

Sadwavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Secoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are three subgenera and five species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: satsuma dwarf virus disease which causes spoon-shaped leaves on citrus tree. Symptoms are enations, multiple flushing, stunting or dwarfing, reduction in number and size of leaves and fruits. The name of this genus comes from one of its species: Satsuma dwarf virus.

<i>Sobemovirus</i> Genus of viruses

Sobemovirus is a genus of non-enveloped, positive-strand RNA viruses which infect plants. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 21 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mosaics and mottles.

<i>Carlavirus</i> Genus of viruses

Carlavirus, formerly known as the "Carnation latent virus group", is a genus of viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Betaflexiviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 53 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: mosaic and ringspot symptoms.

Cilevirus is a genus of viruses in the family Kitaviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are two species: Citrus leprosis virus C and Citrus leprosis virus C2.

Lolavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Alphaflexiviridae. Plants, specifically ryegrass, serve as natural hosts. There is only one species in this genus: Lolium latent virus.

Bymovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Potyviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are six species in this genus.

<i>Cytorhabdovirus</i> Genus of plant viruses

Cytorhabdovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Rhabdoviridae, order Mononegavirales. Plants serve as natural hosts.

Marafivirus is a genus of viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Tymoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 11 species in this genus.

Polerovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Solemoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 26 species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: PLRV causes prominent rolling of the leaves of potato and a stiff upright habit of the plants; necrosis of the phloem and accumulation of carbohydrates in the leaves.

<i>Tymovirus</i> Genus of viruses

Tymovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Tymoviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are 28 species in this genus.

Waikavirus is a genus of viruses in the order Picornavirales, in the family Secoviridae. Plants, poaceae, cyperaceae, and gramineae serve as natural hosts. There are four species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: MCDV: plant stunting and chlorotic striping of tertiary leaf veins in maize.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
  2. 1 2 "Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  3. 1 2 "Luteovirus". dpvweb.net. dpvweb.
  4. ↑ Ali, M; Hameed, S; Tahir, M (October 2014). "Luteovirus: insights into pathogenicity". Archives of Virology. 159 (11): 2853–60. doi:10.1007/s00705-014-2172-6. PMID   25091739.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.