Robert B. Wilson

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Robert B. Wilson
Born (1937-05-16) May 16, 1937 (age 85)
Geneva, Nebraska, U.S.
Education Harvard University (BA, MBA, DBA)
Known for Game theory in industrial organization
Sequential quadratic programming
Awards Golden Goose Award (2014)
BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2015)
Nobel Prize in Economics (2020)
Scientific career
Fields Economist
Management science
Institutions Stanford University
Thesis A simplicial algorithm for concave programming  (1963)
Doctoral advisor Howard Raiffa
Doctoral students Claude d'Aspremont Lynden
Peter Cramton
Robert Gibbons
Benjamin Golub
Bengt R. Holmström
Matthew O. Jackson
Paul Milgrom
Jean-Pierre Ponssard
Robert W. Rosenthal
Alvin E. Roth
Yuliy Sannikov [1]

Robert Butler Wilson, Jr. (born May 16, 1937) is an American economist and the Adams Distinguished Professor of Management, Emeritus at Stanford University. He was jointly awarded the 2020 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, together with his Stanford colleague and former student Paul R. Milgrom, [2] "for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats". [3] [4] Two more of his students, Alvin E. Roth and Bengt Holmström, are also Nobel Laureates in their own right. [5] [6]

Contents

Wilson is known for his contributions to management science and business economics. His doctoral thesis introduced sequential quadratic programming, which became a leading iterative method for nonlinear programming. [7] With other mathematical economists at Stanford, he helped to reformulate the economics of industrial organization and organization theory using non-cooperative game theory. [8] [9] His research on nonlinear pricing has influenced policies for large firms, particularly in the energy industry, especially electricity. [10] [11]

Early life and academic career

Wilson was born on May 16, 1937, in Geneva, Nebraska. He graduated from Lincoln High School in Lincoln, Nebraska and earned a full scholarship to Harvard University. He received his A.B. from Harvard College in 1959. He then completed his M.B.A. in 1961 and his D.B.A. [12] in 1963 from the Harvard Business School. [13] He worked at the University of California, Los Angeles for a very brief time and then joined the faculty at Stanford University. He has been on the faculty of the Stanford Business School since 1964. [13] He was also an affiliated faculty member of Harvard Law School from 1993 to 2001. [14]

Research

Wilson is known for research and teaching on market design, pricing, negotiation, and related topics concerning industrial organization and information economics. He is an expert on game theory and its applications. He has been a major contributor to auction designs and competitive bidding strategies in the oil, communication, and power industries, and to the design of innovative pricing schemes. His work on pricing of priority service for electric power has been implemented in the utility industry. [8] [15]

Wilson's 1968 Econometrica paper The Theory of the Syndicates [16] influenced a whole generation of economics, finance, and accounting students. The paper poses a fundamental question: Under what conditions does the expected utility representation describe the behavior of a group of individuals who choose lotteries and share risk in a Pareto-optimal way? [16] [17]

He has published about a hundred articles in professional journals and books since completing his education. He has been an associate editor of several journals, and delivered several public lectures. [18] [14]

In 1993, Wilson published a book on Nonlinear Pricing. [19] It is an encyclopedic analysis of tariff design and related topics for public utilities, including power, communications, and transport. [10] The book won the 1995 Leo Melamed Prize, a prize awarded biannually by the University of Chicago for "outstanding scholarship by a business professor." [20]

Other contributions to game theory includes wage bargaining and strikes, and in legal contexts, settlement negotiations. He has authored some of the basic studies of reputational effects in predatory pricing, price wars, and other competitive battles. [15]

Honors

Since Wilson completed the Bachelor, Master's, and Doctoral Degrees at Harvard College and the Harvard Business School, he has published about 100 articles in professional journals and books, for which he has received many honors. [21]

Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded Wilson and Paul Milgrom as the co-recipients of the 2020 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for having "improved auction theory and invented new auction formats, beneftting sellers, buyers and taxpayers around the world". [3] Alvin Roth (an economist who was a co-recipient of the 2012 Nobel Memorial Prize and who had Wilson as his doctoral advisor) said that Wilson and Milgrom "haven't just profoundly changed the way we understand auctions –they have changed how things are auctioned." [22] Specifically, the Academy acknowledged Wilson's efforts in analyzing common value auctions, where bidders derive a common value from the underlying resource, and his theoretical proofs that bidders tend to bid lower than their best estimates of common value, in order to avoid the winner's curse. Some examples of common value auctions include radio frequency spectrum, and minerals. [23]

Memberships and awards

He is an elected member of the National Academy of Sciences, a designated 'distinguished fellow' of the American Economic Association, and a fellow, former officer and Council member of the Econometric Society. He was conferred an honorary Doctor of Economics degree in 1986 by the Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration. In 1995, he was conferred an honorary Doctor of Laws degree by the University of Chicago. [8] In 2014, Wilson won a Golden Goose Award for his work involving auction design. [24]

He has won the BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award (2015) in the Economics, Finance and Management category for his "pioneering contributions to the analysis of strategic interactions when economic agents have limited and different information about their environment". [25] With colleagues David M. Kreps and Paul Milgrom, he was awarded the 2018 John J. Carty Award for the Advancement of Science. [26]

See also

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The 2020 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded jointly to the American economists Paul Milgrom and Robert B. Wilson "for improvements to auction theory and inventions of new auction formats." According to the Nobel Committee, the recognition was given because "their theoretical discoveries have improved auctions in practice." Furthermore, Secretary Hansson said:

"This year's Laureates, Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson, have studied how auctions work. They have also used their insights to design new auction formats for goods and services that are difficult to sell in a traditional way, such as radio frequencies. Their discoveries have benefitted sellers, buyers and taxpayers around the world."

References

  1. ↑ "Robert Wilson". Mathematics Genealogy Project. Retrieved October 13, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)}
  2. ↑ Charles Riley. "Nobel Prize in economics awarded to Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson". CNN. Archived from the original on October 12, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  3. 1 2 "The Prize in Economic Sciences 2020" (PDF) (Press release). Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. October 12, 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 12, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  4. ↑ Riley, Charles. "Nobel Prize in economics awarded to Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson for auction theory". CNN.
  5. ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2012". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 13, 2020. Retrieved October 14, 2020.
  6. ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2016". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 10, 2016. Retrieved October 14, 2020.
  7. ↑ "Research Gate - Sequential Quadratic Programming Methods". Researchgate. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2020.
  8. 1 2 3 "Robert Wilson". Stanford Graduate School of Business. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  9. ↑ Roth, Alvin E.; Wilson, Robert B. (August 1, 2019). "How Market Design Emerged from Game Theory: A Mutual Interview". Journal of Economic Perspectives. 33 (3): 118–143. doi: 10.1257/jep.33.3.118 . ISSN   0895-3309. Archived from the original on June 6, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  10. 1 2 "Nonlinear Pricing". Stanford Graduate School of Business. Archived from the original on May 13, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  11. ↑ Wilson, Robert (2002). "Architecture of Power Markets". Econometrica. 70 (4): 1299–1340. doi:10.1111/1468-0262.00334. ISSN   1468-0262. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  12. ↑ Wilson, Robert Butler (1963). Some Theory and Methods of Mathematical Programming (Ph.D. thesis). Harvard University. OCLC   229908216. ProQuest   302254825.
  13. 1 2 "RobertWilson". Stanford University. Archived from the original on October 12, 2020. Retrieved October 12, 2020.
  14. 1 2 "GSB Faculty - Robert Wilson" (PDF). Graduate School of Business - Faculty. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2020.
  15. 1 2 "Robert Wilson | SIEPR". siepr.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on December 13, 2019. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  16. 1 2 Wilson, Robert (1968). "The Theory of Syndicates". Econometrica . 36 (1): 119–132. doi:10.2307/1909607. JSTOR   1909607.
  17. ↑ Eliashberg, Jehoshua; Winkler, Robert L. (November 1, 1981). "Risk Sharing and Group Decision Making". Management Science. 27 (11): 1221–1235. doi:10.1287/mnsc.27.11.1221. ISSN   0025-1909.
  18. ↑ "Professor Robert Wilson -- Resume". web.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  19. ↑ Wilson, Robert B. (1993). Nonlinear Pricing. Oxford University Press. ISBN   978-0-19-511582-6. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved January 20, 2018– via Google Books.
  20. ↑ MSRI. "Mathematical Sciences Research Institute". www.msri.org. Archived from the original on September 27, 2010. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  21. ↑ "Robert Wilson". Graduate School of Stanford Business. Archived from the original on April 6, 2019. Retrieved April 6, 2019.
  22. ↑ Smialek, Jeanna (October 12, 2020). "U.S. Auction Theorists Win the 2020 Nobel in Economics: Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson were honored for work that has pushed auctions into new and useful territory". The New York Times. Archived from the original on October 13, 2020. Retrieved October 13, 2020.
  23. ↑ "The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 2020". NobelPrize.org. Archived from the original on October 14, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  24. ↑ "Auction Design". The Golden Goose Award. Archived from the original on September 9, 2015. Retrieved May 27, 2015.
  25. ↑ "The BBVA Foundation Award goes to Robert Wilson for his pioneering analysis of economic interactions under information asymmetry, and his broadening of the field to include reputation-building as a spur to cooperation". Premios Fronteras (in Spanish). June 5, 2017. Archived from the original on October 18, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
  26. ↑ University, Stanford (October 12, 2020). "Stanford economists Paul Milgrom and Robert Wilson win the Nobel in economic sciences". Stanford News. Archived from the original on October 15, 2020. Retrieved October 18, 2020.
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