The Ministry of Transportation and Communications governs transportation in Taiwan.
The Ministry of Transportation and Communications governs transportation in Taiwan.
Total: 1,580 km (2009) (all on the island of Taiwan)
The Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) commenced operations on 5 January 2007, after some delays in 2006. The THSR connects Taipei City in the northeast of the island of Taiwan to Kaohsiung City in the southwest. The journey time is about 90 minutes compared to 4 hours by conventional rail. 30 Shinkansen Class 700T sets are running on the 345 km HSL, with station stops at Taipei Main station, Panchiao, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, Taichung, Chiayi, Tainan and Tsuoying near Kaohsiung. Four additional stations have been opened: Nankang in eastern Taipei, Miaoli, Changhua and Yunlin. In 2008 THSR increased the number of trains to 88 per day, each way.
The Shinkansen 700T is similar to the Japanese 700 Nozomi. It operates in 12 car sets (9 powered, 3 trailers) at a speed limit of 300 km/h over standard gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) track. OCS power is 25 kV AC 60 Hz.
The Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) is the national conventional passenger railway operator in Taiwan, established on the 5th of March 1948. Railway services began in 1891 between Keelung and Hsinchu under mainland China's Qing Dynasty, with a complete reform intended under the Japanese Colonial Government. This Japanese influence remains in TRA's various operations today, where JR (Japan Railways) tack layout, fare gates, and signage can still be observed [1] . With increased competition from the Taiwan High Speed Rail for long-distance services on the west coast, TRA has begun placing emphases on commuter and tourist services [2] .
There are five urban transit systems in Taiwan: Taipei Metro, New Taipei Metro, Taichung Metro, Taoyuan Metro, and Kaohsiung Metro.
Taipei Metro opened in 1996 and runs on an extensive network of both Multiple Unit for the high-capacity system as well as VAL for the medium-capacity system throughout the metropolitan area of Taipei. The metro system operates 6 lines consisting of 131 stations. [3]
The Taoyuan Metro is a metro system with one operational line, one in construction, and one in planning. (Airport MRT, green, brown). [4] The Airport MRT serves Taoyuan, Taipei and New Taipei after it opened in March 2017.
Taichung Metro officially began operation on April 25, 2021 with its Green Line opening. In addition to Taichung, the network will also serve the Changhua and Nantou counties. The metro will start off with 3 main lines (green, blue, and orange), with four other lines planned. [5]
Various conventional urban and intercity bus operators conduct services in Taipei and other major cities. Some of the most notable players include Taipei Bus (台北客運) and Capitol Bus (首都客運) [6] .
Taichung's BRT (Bus Rapid Transit) was the first BRT system in Taiwan, spanning 17.1 kilometres (10.6 mi) from Taichung TRA Station to Providence University via the Taiwan Boulevard, containing 21 dedicated right-of-way stations. This line was shut down and converted to a dedicated bus lane on July 8th, 2015 [7] .
Chiayi's Bus Rapid Transit system remains in service [8] , connecting Chiayi High Speed Rail station to downtown Chiayi City via Chiayi County. It uses dedicated bus lanes and GPS-controlled traffic signals to speed up commutes between terminals.
During the global COVID-19 pandemic traffic at Taiwan’s large international airports fell sharply while traffic to smaller domestic airports increased as a result of a surge in domestic tourism. [9]
Total: 40
Length of runways:
Total: 7
Total: 31 (2013) [10]
Major ports: Keelung,Kaohsiung , Taichung, Hualien
Other ports: Anping, Su'ao, Taipei
Merchant marine: 112 ships (1,000 GT or over) totaling 3,827,173 GT/6,121,877 tonnes deadweight (DWT) (2010)
ships by type:
 | This article needs additional citations for verification .(May 2013) |
As of 2013, Taiwan maintains the following pipelines [11]
Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) is the high-speed railway of Taiwan consisting of one line that runs approximately 350 km (217 mi) along the west coast, from the capital Taipei to the southern city of Kaohsiung. With construction and operations managed by a private company, Taiwan High Speed Rail Corporation (THSRC), which also operates the line, the total cost of the project was NT$513.3 billion in 1998. At the time it was built, this was one of the world's largest privately funded rail construction schemes. The system's technology is based primarily on Japan's Shinkansen.
The THSR 700T is the high-speed electric multiple unit trainset derived from the Japanese Shinkansen family for Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR), Taiwan's high-speed rail line. The THSR 700T is based primarily on the 700 Series Shinkansen that currently operates on the San'yō Shinkansen line and formerly on the Tokaido Shinkansen line in Japan, with the "T" referring to Taiwan. The trains were manufactured in Japan by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Nippon Sharyo, and Hitachi, Ltd., marking the first time Japanese Shinkansen trains have been exported overseas. 30 trains were delivered to THSR operator Taiwan High Speed Rail Corporation (THSRC), and are in regular service with a top speed of 300 kilometres per hour (186 mph) since the line's opening on January 5, 2007.
Mass Rapid Transit in general refers to a fully grade separated heavy-rail metro system.
Rail transport in Taiwan consists of 2,025 kilometres (1,258 mi) of railway networks. Though no longer as dominant as it once was, rail transport is an extremely important form of transportation in Taiwan due to high population density, especially along the densely populated western corridor. In 2016, over 1.09
Taipei Main Station is a major metro and railway station in the capital Taipei, Taiwan. It is served by Taipei Metro, the Taiwan High Speed Rail, and the Taiwan Railways Administration. It is also connected through underground passageways to the terminal station of Taoyuan Airport MRT and the Taipei Bus Station. It is the busiest station in Taiwan and one of the busiest stations in Asia, with more than 5,000 trains arriving and departing daily; on average, more than 600,000 people use Taipei Main Station every day.
Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport MRT, commonly known as the Airport MRT, is a rapid transit line of Taoyuan Metro that connects the municipalities of the capital Taipei, Taoyuan, and New Taipei with Taoyuan International Airport. The 51.33 km (31.89 mi) line, from Taipei Main Station to Huanbei, has 22 stations and began commercial service on 2 March 2017.
Taichung is located in central Taiwan and is the second largest city in the island country.
The Taichung MRT is a rapid transit system in Taichung, Taiwan. In addition to Taichung, it may serve Changhua and Nantou counties in the future. Taichung Metro's first route, the Green Line, officially began operation on April 25, 2021, making it the 5th rapid transit system operating in Taiwan.
The Scharfenberg coupler is a commonly used type of fully automatic railway coupling.
Nangang is a railway and metro station in Taipei, Taiwan served by Taiwan High Speed Rail, Taiwan Railways Administration and Taipei Metro. The station is served by the fastest HSR express services of the 1 series.
The railcar couplers or couplings listed, described, and depicted below are used worldwide on legacy and modern railways. Compatible and similar designs are frequently referred to using widely differing make, brand, regional or nick names, which can make describing standard or typical designs confusing. Dimensions and ratings noted in these articles are usually of nominal or typical components and systems, though standards and practices also vary widely with railway, region, and era. Transition between incompatible coupler types may be accomplished using dual couplings, a coupling adapter or a barrier wagon.
Taoyuan HSR is a high-speed rail and metro station in Zhongli District, Taoyuan, Taiwan, served by Taiwan High Speed Rail and Taoyuan Airport MRT, and is also known as Qingpu Station.
Zuoying is a metro and railway station in Kaohsiung, Taiwan served by Kaohsiung MRT, Taiwan High Speed Rail, and Taiwan Railways, where it is known as Xinzuoying. The station is served by the fastest HSR express services of the 1 series.
The Taoyuan Metro is a rapid transit system serving Taoyuan City, as well as parts of New Taipei City and Taipei City, in Taiwan. The most recently proposed network includes 11 lines and extensions, of which 2 are now under construction. The Taoyuan Airport MRT is the only line currently in operation. The system opened with the opening of the first line in the system, Taoyuan Airport MRT, for trial passenger service on 2 February 2017 and revenue passenger service on 2 March 2017.
Banqiao is a railway and metro station in New Taipei, Taiwan served by Taiwan High Speed Rail, TRA and Taipei Metro. With the exception of the Circular Line, all other tracks and platforms in the station are located underground. The station is served by the fastest HSR express services of the 1 series.
The Shalun Line is a branch line of the Taiwan Railways Administration (TRA) West Coast line in Tainan, Taiwan. It was built to link the Western Line to the Taiwan High Speed Rail (THSR) Tainan Station, speeding up transit times between downtown Tainan and the THSR station, with services running from Nanke railway station or Tainan TRA station to Shalun Station, next to the THSR station. The line opened on January 2, 2011.
Since the 1980s, ground level railway facilities in urban areas have been seen as obstacles to road traffic and local development. In 1983, the Executive Yuan tasked the Taipei Railway Underground Project Organisation (TRUPO) with the project to rebuild railway facilities in greater Taipei, completed in 2011. The office would later become the Railway Reconstruction Bureau, then Railway Bureau, responsible for reconstruction in other urban areas. Completed or partially complete reconstruction projects include those for Yuanlin, Pingtung, Taichung and Kaohsiung, with more planned or under construction for Tainan, Taoyuan, Chiayi, Changhua and more.
Asia has many narrow-gauge railways. The railways of Japan, Indonesia and the Philippines are predominantly 1,067 mm narrow gauge. Those in mainland Southeast Asia, which includes Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Myanmar and Malaysia, are predominantly metre gauge. The proposed ASEAN Railway would be standard or dual gauge, using metre- and standard-gauge regional railway networks and linking Singapore through Malaysia, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam to China's standard-gauge rail network. In Western Asia, Jordan uses 1,050 mm narrow gauge.
The Kaohsiung Metro Siemens Modular Metro (Mo.Mo) electric multiple unit (EMU) trains has operated on the heavy-rail Red and Orange Lines since its opening in 2008.
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