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 Georgia portal |
Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held in Georgia on 26 October 2024. [1] [2]
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All 150 seats in Parliament 76 seats needed for a majority | |||||
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| Georgia portal |
Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held in Georgia on 26 October 2024. [1] [2]
By the time of elections, Georgian Dream (GD) had been the ruling party in Georgia since defeating Mikheil Saakashvili's United National Movement (UNM) in the 2012 parliamentary election. Announcing its plans to pursue a policy of joining the European Union and NATO, the Georgian Dream has also professed a more conciliatory approach towards Russia compared to its anti-Russian opponents. [3]
However, the geopolitical strains of war in Ukraine and Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict made it more difficult to maintain a "balancing act", amid the statements from Ukrainian politicians that Georgia would have "greatly aided" Ukraine by opening a "second front" against Russia [4] and the Western efforts to isolate Russia with international sanctions.
Georgian government condemned Russian actions and provided humanitarian assistance to Ukraine, but did not join sanctions against Russia, which allowed an influx of Russian capital and highly skilled Russians dodging the military mobilization. Russia, in turn, did not approve the proposal of Georgia's breakaway de facto South Ossetian republic to hold a referendum on joining the Russian Federation [5] and, despite otherwise hostile relations, has not put Georgia on its Unfriendly Countries List. [6]
However, in June 2022, the European Union refused to approve the Georgia's application to join the union, citing an alleged media censorship and the government's refusal to join the international sanctions on Russia. [7] This led to a mobilization on behalf of the opposition against the government. [8] In turn, a sovereignist faction People’s Power broke off the Georgian Dream in August 2022, and proposed a legislation to regulate a foreign influence by creating a special registry to monitor politically active foreign-funded organizations, many of which are Western-funded in Georgia. [9] [10] While the government claimed that the bill was necessary for public disclosure and transparency, the opposition, aided by the statements of Western embassies and politicians, managed to mobilize violent protests to tackle the bill, likening it to Russian foreign agent law and saying that it would have jeopardized the Euro-Atlantic Integration, ultimately leading to the Parliament withdrawing the bill. [11]
Amid riots in Tbilisi, Russian Foreign Ministry issued a statement, cautioning against the violent change of power in Georgia, [12] with some Russian politicians suggesting Russia might use military means in case of "instability on Russian border". In September 2023, the State Security Service of Georgia claimed to have uncovered the plans of the opposition and the Western-funded groups to stage a coup in Georgia with the support of Ukraine-based Georgian oppositionist politicians. [13] [14] This in turn led to the pro-Russian Georgian opposition Conservative Movement party and the media channel Alt-Info starting to mobilize "Anti-Maidan movement" to counter the alleged coup. [15]
However, in December 2023, the European Union decided to grant Georgia a candidate status following a release from prison of the oppositionist journalist Nika Gvaramia arrested on charges of abuse of power and embezzlement, and the Parliament's decision to turn down an impeachment proceeding against the pro-oppositionist president Salome Zourabichvili. [16] [17] [18] In late December 2023, Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili summerized the year by saying that the government managed to "preserve the peace" amid a threat of destabilization caused by "radical groups and hostile forces operating within the country", [19] and also to secure a EU candidate status for Georgia. [20]
The ruling Georgian Dream party will seek to get a fourth term in office by winning the election. [21]
In January 2023 Levan Khabeishvili unseated Nika Melia from the position of the United National Movement chairman after winning internal party elections. Accusing Khabeishvili of being a protégé of Davit Kezerashvili, a shadowy businessman, Melia announced a break with the UNM and plans for his own party in December 2023. [22]
On 20 July 2023 the United National Movement, the largest opposition party, announced an alliance with the Strategy Aghmashenebeli of Giorgi Vashadze. [23] According to Khabeishvili, the coalition, named Victory Platform, will center around former president Mikheil Saakashvili. Imprisoned on charges of abuse of power and violence, Saakashvili will lead his party in the election from prison. [24]
On 30 December 2023 Bidzina Ivanishvili, an influential businessman and a founder of the Georgian Dream party, announced his return to politics as a honorary chairman of Georgian Dream, suggesting he would take an active role in the election campaign. [25]
On 8 February 2024 Irakli Kobakhidze was confirmed by the Parliament as the new Prime Minister of Georgia from the ruling Georgian Dream party. [26]
In March 2024, the People's Power movement was registered as the political party, and it is expected to run in the election. [27]
On 11 April, the Public Registry revoked registration of the Conservative Movement party, banning it from participating in the election. [28]
The Parliament of Georgia is composed of 150 members, elected for a term of four years.
As stipulated by the constitutional amendments which were adopted on 26 September 2017, the 2024 election will mark the move to a fully proportional system with a 5% minimal threshold for parties to enter parliament. [29] [30] [31]
A similar seat distribution method as used in previous elections is being applied for the proportional system. [32] For the 2024 election with 150-member proportional representation, the method involves multiplying the number of votes by 150 and then dividing it by the sum of votes received by all parties which passed 5% threshold (including by the votes of party for which the number of seats is determined with this calculation) to determine a number of seats the party will get in the parliament. If after these calculations for all parties the number of total seats distributed is still below 150, the remaining seats will be proportionally distributed among parties that crossed the 5% electoral threshold. [33]
On 6 February 2023 the Central Election Commission of Georgia adopted a decree introducing an electronic voter registration and voting system on most of the polling stations. [34]
| Date | Sample size | Pollster | GD | VP | EG | Lelo | APG | NPC-Girchi | Citizens | SLP | For Georgia | Girchi-Droa | For the People | CM/Alt Info | PP | No party | Others | N/A | Lead | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UNM | Strategy | Girchi-MF | Droa | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1–22 December 2023 | 1,500 | Edison Research | 36.6 | 21.5 | 0.7 | 6.7 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 1.7 | 4.7 | 8.8 | 5 | 3.7 | 3 | 2.5 | - | 0.5 | - | 15.1 | ||
| 20 October–6 November 2023 | 1,000 | Edison Research | 37 | 21 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 9 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | - | 1 | - | 16 | ||
| 30 September–20 October 2023 | 1,212 | Gorbi | 55 | 20 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | - | - | - | - | 5 | - | 35 | ||
| 14 September–14 October 2023 | 1,200 | IRI | 25 | 16 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 24 | 1 | 5 | 9 | ||
| 7–24 September 2023 | 1,500 | Edison Research | 37 | 22 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | - | <1 | - | 15 | ||
| 25 May–14 June 2023 | 1,500 | Edison Research | 37 | 25 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | - | - | - | 12 |
| 22 April–7 May 2023 | 1,212 | GORBI | 53 | 19 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | 7 | - | 34 |
| 17–23 March 2023 | 1,032 | NDI | 20 | 5 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 34 | 6 | 35 | 15 |
| 4–23 March 2023 | 1,500 | IRI | 19 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 2 | <1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | <1 | 25 | <1 | 7 | 5 |
| 3–20 December 2022 | 2,519 | NDI | 25 | 6 | 1 | - | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - | 39 | - | 17 | 19 |
| 17–30 November 2022 | 2,024 | GORBI | 52 | 23 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | - | - | - | - | - | 4 | - | 29 |
| 13 September–2 October 2022 | 1,500 | IRI | 25 | 12 | 1 | - | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | - | 17 | 2 | 23 | 13 |
| 4–24 March 2022 | 1,486 | IRI | 31 | 16 | 2 | - | 2 | 1 | - | 1 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | - | 15 | 2 | 19 | 15 |
| 2020 election | 48.22 | 27.18 | 3.15 | 3.79 | 3.15 | 3.14 | 2.89 | 1.33 | 1.00 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 6.13 | - | 21.04 | ||
Mikheil Saakashvili is a Georgian and Ukrainian politician and jurist. He was the third president of Georgia for two consecutive terms from 25 January 2004 to 17 November 2013. From May 2015 until November 2016, Saakashvili was the governor of Ukraine's Odesa Oblast. He is the founder and former chairman of the United National Movement party. Saakashvili heads the executive committee of Ukraine's National Reform Council since 7 May 2020. In 2021 he began serving a six-year prison sentence in Georgia on charges of abuse of power and organization of an assault occasioning grievous bodily harm against an opposition lawmaker Valery Gelashvili.
United National Movement is a liberal and pro-Western political party in Georgia founded by Mikheil Saakashvili, which rose to power following the Rose Revolution. Since the 2012 parliamentary election, it has been the main opposition party.
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Nikanor "Nika" Melia is a Georgian politician, former chairman of the United National Movement party and former member of Parliament of Georgia. He was a member of parliament of Georgia from United National Movement from 2016 to 2019 and from 2020 to 2021. He holds a master's degree in International Relations from Oxford Brookes University.
Tinatin "Tina" Bokuchava is a Georgian politician who has served as a member of Parliament since 2012.
Individuals and events related to Georgia in 2021.
The 2020–2021 Georgian political crisis was a political crisis in Georgia that resulted from allegations by opposition parties that the 2020 Georgian parliamentary election was rigged. The opposition accused the ruling Georgian Dream party of election fraud and did not recognize the results. They announced protests and parliamentary boycott. The opposition held a rally on November 1, a day after the elections, and called for snap parliamentary elections. On November 2, the eight opposition parties refused to enter parliament. In February 2021, Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia resigned over plans to arrest opposition leader Nika Melia, which occurred on 23 February.
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Levan Bezhashvili is a Georgian lawyer and politician who has served as a Member of Parliament from the United National Movement since 2020, with previous stints in 2004–2008 and 2012–2016. A former official during the presidency of Mikheil Saakashvili, he joined the government following the Rose Revolution of 2003, becoming Deputy Minister of Justice and an influential chairman of the Legal Affairs Committee in Parliament, spearheading the Saakashvili administration's structural and legal reforms. After a brief term as Governor of Kakheti in 2008, he became chairman of the Chamber of Control, leading the audit agency as it saw its powers increase to oversee political campaign funding ahead of the 2012 parliamentary elections.
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