2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

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Nobel prize medal.svg The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi
Date7 October 2025 (2025-10-07)
Location Stockholm
CountrySweden
Presented by Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet
Reward9 million SEK (2017) [1]
First award1901
Website 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
←  2024  · Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ·  2026  →

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Mary E. Brunkow, Fred Ramsdell and Shimon Sakaguchi "for their discoveries concerning peripheral immune tolerance." It was announced by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute on 6 October 2025. [2] [3]

Contents

Laureates

Mary E. Brunkow

This section is an excerpt from Mary E. Brunkow.[ edit ]

Mary Elizabeth Brunkow [4] (born 1961) is an American molecular biologist and immunologist. She is known for co-identifying the gene later named FOXP3 as the cause of the scurfy mouse phenotype, a finding that became foundational for modern regulatory T cell biology.

In 2025, she was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her work in peripheral immune tolerance.

Fred Ramsdell

This section is an excerpt from Fred Ramsdell.[ edit ]
Ramsdell in 2015 Fred Ramsdell, 2015 (cropped).jpg
Ramsdell in 2015

Frederick Jay Ramsdell [5] (born December 4, 1960) [6] is an American immunologist working at Sonoma Biotherapeutics in San Francisco, California. [6]

In 2025, he was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in peripheral tolerance. [7]

Shimon Sakaguchi

This section is an excerpt from Shimon Sakaguchi.[ edit ]
Shimon Sakaguchi cropped 2 Shimon Sakaguchi 201711.jpg

Shimon Sakaguchi (坂口 志文, Sakaguchi Shimon; born 19 January 1951) is a Japanese immunologist, a Distinguished Professor of Osaka University, and a Professor Emeritus of Kyoto University. [8]

His work includes the discovery of regulatory T cells and describing their role in the immune system, for which he was jointly awarded the 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. [9]

Key publications

The following publications were the fundamental researches that motivated the Nobel Assembly at Karolinska Institutet to award the 2025 Prize:

References

  1. ↑ "Nobel Prize amount is raised by SEK 1 million". Nobelprize.org. Archived from the original on 1 February 2018. Retrieved 20 August 2022.
  2. ↑ Hunt, Christian Edwards, Katie (6 October 2025). "Nobel Prize in medicine goes to trio of scientists for discovering how the immune system is kept in check". CNN. Retrieved 6 October 2025.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ↑ "Brunkow, Ramsdell and Sakaguchi win 2025 Nobel medicine prize". Reuters. 6 October 2025. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
  4. ↑ Brunkow, Mary Elizabeth. "Expression and function of the H19 gene in transgenic mice". ProQuest. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
  5. ↑ "Generation of lymphokine-activated killer cells from non-natural killer cell sources: Development from human thymocytes". ProQuest . Retrieved 6 October 2025.
  6. 1 2 "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025: Fred Ramsdell". NobelPrize.org . Retrieved 6 October 2025.
  7. ↑ "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025 Summary". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
  8. ↑ "Experimental Immunology – Osaka University Immunology Frontier Research Center". IFReC | Osaka University Immunology Frontier Research Center. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
  9. ↑ "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2025". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 6 October 2025.
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