Broken Arrow, Oklahoma | |
---|---|
Coordinates: 36°2′11″N95°47′1″W / 36.03639°N 95.78361°W | |
Country | United States |
State | Oklahoma |
Counties | Tulsa, Wagoner |
Founded | 1902 |
Incorporated | 1903 |
Government | |
• Type | Council-Manager |
• Mayor | Debra Wimpee (R) |
• City Manager | Michael L. Spurgeon |
Area | |
• City | 63.54 sq mi (164.58 km2) |
• Land | 62.96 sq mi (163.07 km2) |
• Water | 0.58 sq mi (1.51 km2) |
Elevation | 755 ft (230 m) |
Population (2020) | |
• City | 113,540 |
• Rank | US: 279th |
• Density | 1,803.34/sq mi (696.28/km2) |
• Metro | 411,401 (US: 54th) |
Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC−5 (CDT) |
ZIP codes | 74011-74014 |
Area code(s) | 539/918 |
FIPS code | 40-09050 |
GNIS feature ID | 1090512 [2] |
Website | brokenarrowok |
Broken Arrow is a city in Tulsa and Wagoner counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is the largest suburb of Tulsa. According to the 2020 census, Broken Arrow has a population of 113,540 residents and is the 4th most populous city in the state. [3] The city is part of the Tulsa Metropolitan Area, which has a population of 1,023,988 residents.
The Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad sold lots for the town site in 1902 and company secretary William S. Fears named it Broken Arrow. [4] The city was named for a Creek community settled by Creek Native Americans who had been forced to relocate from Alabama to Oklahoma along the Trail of Tears.
Although Broken Arrow was originally an agricultural community, its current economy is diverse. The city has the third-largest concentration of manufacturers in the state. [5]
The city's name comes from an old Creek community in Alabama. [6] Members of that community were expelled from Alabama by the United States government, along the Trail of Tears in the 1830s. The Creek founded a new community in the Indian Territory and named it after their old settlement in Alabama. The town's name in the Muscogee language was Rekackv (pronounced [ɬiˌkaːtʃkə] ), meaning "broken arrow". The new Creek settlement was located several miles south of present-day downtown Broken Arrow.
The community of Elam, located in present-day Broken Arrow near 145th East Avenue and 111th Street, began around 1901. It consisted of a cluster of stores, a cotton gin, and a few homes. [7]
In 1902 the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad planned a railroad through the area and was granted town site privileges along the route. [4] They sold three of the as-yet-unnamed sites to the Arkansas Valley Town Site Company. William S. Fears, secretary of that company, was allowed to choose and name one of the locations. He selected a site about 18 miles (29 km) southeast of Tulsa and about five miles north of the thlee-Kawtch-kuh settlement and named the new townsite Broken Arrow, after the Indian community. [7] The MKT railroad, which was completed in 1903, ran through the middle of the city. It still exists today and is now owned by Union Pacific which currently uses it for freight.
For the first decades of Broken Arrow's history, the town's economy was based mainly on agriculture. [8] The coal industry also played an important role, with several strip coal mines located near the city in the early 20th century. The city's newspaper, the Broken Arrow Ledger, started within a couple of years of the city's founding. Broken Arrow's first school was built in 1904. [8] The city did not grow much during the first half of the 1900s. During this time Broken Arrow's main commercial center was along Main Street. Most of the city's churches were also located on or near Main Street as well. A 1907 government census listed Broken Arrow's population at 1,383. [9]
The Haskell State School of Agriculture opened in the Broken Arrow, Oklahoma Opera House on November 15, 1909. The school closed in 1917 for lack of funding, and the building was then used as Broken Arrow High School. The building was razed in 1987. [10] Only a marker remains at 808 East College Street in Broken Arrow. The front of cornerstone reads, "Haskell State School / Of Agriculture / J. H. Esslinger Supt. / W. A. Etherton Archt. / Bucy & Walker Contr." The side of cornerstone reads "Laid by the Masonic Fraternity / May 25, A. D. 1910, A. L. 5810. / George Huddell G. M. / Erected by The State Board of Agriculture / J. P. Conners Pres. / B. C. Pittuck Dean.". The school is commemorated on the National Register of Historic Places.
In the 1960s, Broken Arrow began to grow from a small town into a suburban city. The Broken Arrow Expressway (Oklahoma State Highway 51) was constructed in the mid-1960s and connected the city with downtown Tulsa, fueling growth in Broken Arrow. The population swelled from a little above 11,000 in 1970 to more than 50,000 in 1990, and then more than 74,000 by the year 2000. During this time, the city was more of a bedroom community. In recent years, city leaders have pushed for more economic development to help keep more citizens of Broken Arrow working, shopping, and relaxing in town rather than going to other cities.
The Broken Arrow killings took place on July 22, 2015, when five members of the Bever family were murdered in Broken Arrow, Oklahoma, United States. [11] the attackers were identified as 18 year-old Robert Bever and 16 year-old Michael Bever. [12]
Broken Arrow is located in the northeastern corner of Oklahoma. The city is part of the state's Green Country region known for its green vegetation, hills and lakes. Green Country is the most topographically diverse portion of the state with seven of Oklahoma's 11 eco-regions. [13]
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 45.6 square miles (118 km2), of which 45.0 sq mi (117 km2) is land and 0.6 sq mi (1.6 km2) (1.34%) is water.
Broken Arrow has the typical eastern and central Oklahoma humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) with uncomfortably hot summers and highly variable winters that can range from mild to very cold depending on whether the air mass comes from warmed air over the Rocky Mountains or very cold polar anticyclones from Canada.
Climate data for Broken Arrow, Oklahoma | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 45.7 (7.6) | 51.2 (10.7) | 61.3 (16.3) | 72.1 (22.3) | 79.1 (26.2) | 87.1 (30.6) | 92.9 (33.8) | 91.9 (33.3) | 83.6 (28.7) | 74.5 (23.6) | 60.9 (16.1) | 49.8 (9.9) | 70.8 (21.6) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 22.2 (−5.4) | 26.5 (−3.1) | 35.5 (1.9) | 46.8 (8.2) | 56.1 (13.4) | 64.8 (18.2) | 69.1 (20.6) | 66.7 (19.3) | 59.3 (15.2) | 46.4 (8.0) | 35.8 (2.1) | 26.5 (−3.1) | 46.3 (7.9) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.6 (41) | 1.8 (46) | 3.2 (81) | 3.5 (89) | 5.0 (130) | 4.6 (120) | 2.9 (74) | 2.8 (71) | 4.7 (120) | 3.7 (94) | 3.1 (79) | 2.0 (51) | 38.9 (996) |
Source: Weatherbase.com [14] |
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1900 | 1,383 | — | |
1910 | 1,576 | 14.0% | |
1920 | 2,086 | 32.4% | |
1930 | 1,964 | −5.8% | |
1940 | 2,074 | 5.6% | |
1950 | 3,262 | 57.3% | |
1960 | 5,982 | 83.4% | |
1970 | 11,787 | 97.0% | |
1980 | 35,761 | 203.4% | |
1990 | 58,043 | 62.3% | |
2000 | 74,859 | 29.0% | |
2010 | 98,850 | 32.0% | |
2020 | 113,540 | 14.9% | |
2022 (est.) | 117,911 | 3.8% | |
U.S. Decennial Census [15] 2018 Estimate [16] |
Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000 [17] | Pop 2010 [18] | Pop 2020 [19] | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
White alone (NH) | 62,485 | 75,008 | 72,706 | 83.47% | 75.88% | 64.04% |
Black or African American alone (NH) | 2,728 | 4,169 | 5,706 | 3.64% | 4.22% | 5.03% |
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 2,934 | 4,882 | 5,894 | 3.92% | 4.94% | 5.19% |
Asian alone (NH) | 1,413 | 3,568 | 5,136 | 1.89% | 3.61% | 4.52% |
Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 38 | 42 | 69 | 0.05% | 0.04% | 0.06% |
Other race alone (NH) | 73 | 77 | 382 | 0.10% | 0.08% | 0.34% |
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 2,524 | 4,726 | 12,009 | 3.37% | 4.78% | 10.58% |
Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 2,664 | 6,378 | 11,638 | 3.56% | 6.45% | 10.25% |
Total | 74,859 | 98,850 | 113,540 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
According to the 2010 census, there were 98,850 people, 36,141 households, and 27,614 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,200 inhabitants per square mile (850/km2). There were 38,013 housing units at an average density of 602.0 per square mile (232.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 79.3% White, 4.3% African American, 5.2% Native American, 3.6% Asian (1.0% Vietnamese, 0.7% Indian, 0.4% Chinese, 0.3% Korean, 0.3% Hmong, 0.2% Pakistani, 0.2% Filipino, 0.1% Japanese), [20] 0.05% Pacific Islander, 2.2% from other races, and 5.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino were 6.5% (4.4% Mexican, 0.4% Puerto Rican, 0.3% Spanish, 0.1% Venezuelan, 0.1% Colombian). [21] [22]
There were 36,141 households, out of which 36.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 76.4% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.6% were non-families. Of all households, 19.2% were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.11.
In the city, the population dispersal was 30.8% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 32.3% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 7.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $65,385 and the median income for a family was $74,355. The per capita income for the city was $29,141. About 7.2% of the population were below the poverty line. Of the city's population over the age of 25, 30.3% hold a bachelor's degree or higher. [23] [24]
Broken Arrow is home to a wide range of businesses and industries. In fact, the city is ranked third in its concentration of manufacturers in the state. [5]
Some of the city's more notable employers include:
Located in Broken Arrow since 1985, FlightSafety International (FSI) designs and builds aviation crew training devices called Flight Simulators at its Simulation Systems Division. With currently[ when? ] over 675 employees located there, of which about half are engineers, FSI is the largest private employer in the city.[ citation needed ]
A number of new commercial developments are being built throughout the city, most notably along Oklahoma State Highway 51, which runs through the city. A Bass Pro Shops Outdoor World opened in 2005 [25] as the anchor to a development that includes hotels, restaurants, shopping, and eventually offices. A new full-service hospital and medical office building were constructed nearby in 2010 as an anchor to another large commercial development that will include retail space and two hotels. Oklahoma's first Dick's Sporting Goods opened in late 2011. [26]
In 2007 the city created the Broken Arrow Economic Development Corporation to help oversee economic development. [27]
In late 2007, the Broken Arrow Chamber of Commerce began "Advance Broken Arrow", an economic development campaign aimed at expanding and diversifying the city's economic base. [28]
In October 2023, plans were announced for a new 12,500-seat amphitheater to be built in town by 2025. [29] The Sunset Amphitheater is projected to host a minimum of 45 concert events annually. [29]
In 2005, the city adopted a downtown revitalization master plan to help revive the city's historic downtown area. Some of the plans include a new 3-story museum to house the historical society and genealogical society, a farmer's market and plaza, a new performing arts center, updates and expansions to area parks, the conversion of the historic Central Middle School on Main Street into a professional development center, infrastructure, and landscape improvements, and incentives to encourage denser infill, redevelopment, and reuse of the area's historic structures. Numerous buildings and homes have since been renovated, many new shops and offices have moved to downtown, and new townhomes are being built. The new historical museum, farmers market, and performing arts center opened in 2008.
The city also sets strict new design standards in place that all new developments in the downtown area must adhere to. These standards were created to prevent "suburban" development in favor of denser, "urban" development, and to ensure that new structures complement and fit in with the historic buildings downtown. In October 2012 Downtown Broken Arrow's main street corridor was named the Rose District. [30]
Ward 1 | Mayor Debra Wimpee |
Ward 2 | Lisa Ford |
Ward 3 | Vice Mayor Christi Gillespie |
Ward 4 | Scott Eudey |
At-Large | Johnnie Parks |
Broken Arrow uses the council–manager model of municipal government. The city's primary authority resides in the city council which approves ordinances, resolutions, amendments, and contracts. The city council consists of five members with one member elected from each of the four city wards, and the fifth member as an at-large member. Each council member serves for a two-year term and is eligible to serve for four years. Out of the council members, a mayor and vice-mayor are chosen every two years. [31] The day-to-day operations of the city are run by the city manager, who reports directly to the city council. [32]
At the federal level, Broken Arrow lies within Oklahoma's 1st congressional district, represented by Kevin Hern. [33] In the State Senate, Broken Arrow is in District 25 (Joe Newhouse) and 36 (Bill Brown). [34] [35] In the State House, District 75 (Karen Gaddis), 76 (Ross Ford), 98 (Michael Rogers) covers the city. [36]
Broken Arrow is served by Broken Arrow Public Schools, Union Public Schools, and Bixby Public Schools.
Within Tulsa County, most of BA is served by BAPS while the northwestern part of town is Union Public Schools, and the far southwest part of town is Bixby Public Schools. [37] Within Wagoner County, all of BA is zoned to BAPS. [38]
Some far southeastern areas with Broken Arrow postal addresses are zoned to Coweta Public Schools. The Coweta portion also includes large unincorporated tracts of land that may eventually be annexed into the city of Broken Arrow. Bixby, Union and Broken Arrow schools all operate at least one school in the city while the Coweta School District does not currently have any schools within the city limits.[ citation needed ]
Higher education in Broken Arrow is provided by Northeastern State University (Broken Arrow campus). The campus opened in 2001 and has an upperclassmen and graduate student population of 3,000. [39]
Broken Arrow is also served by Tulsa Technology Center Broken Arrow Campus. Established in 1983, it has an enrollment of about 3,500 full- and part-time secondary and adult students. [40]
Broken Arrow is also home to Rhema Bible Training Center, established in 1974 by Kenneth E. Hagin; located on 110 acres (45 ha), it has graduated over 40,000 alumni and has seven ministry concentrations. RBTC is currently led by Hagin's son, Kenneth W. Hagin.[ citation needed ]
The city's two libraries, Broken Arrow Library and South Broken Arrow Library, are part of the Tulsa City-County Library System.
Major highways in Broken Arrow include State Highway 51 (Broken Arrow Expressway). It passes through the north side of the city and leads to downtown Tulsa to the northwest. Heading east on the Broken Arrow Expressway leads to the Muskogee Turnpike, which connects the city to Muskogee. [41] Partial beltway Creek Turnpike circles around the south of the city and connects the Turner Turnpike to the west terminus of the Will Rogers Turnpike. [41]
Public transportation for Broken Arrow is provided by Tulsa Transit. It has one route that connects the city to Tulsa. Bus services run Monday through Friday. [42]
Broken Arrow had one newspaper, the Broken Arrow Ledger. The paper was published every Wednesday. [43] It is owned by BH Media Group. [44] The Tulsa World , northeast Oklahoma's major daily newspaper, also features Broken Arrow news regularly. The staff at the Ledger featured journalists and photographers Lesa Jones, Doug Quinn, and G. B. Poindexter. The Ledger was closed by the Tulsa World’s owners in 2017.
Cox Cable channel 24 is the Broken Arrow government-access television (GATV) cable TV municipal information channel. It displays, among other things, information about the city government, upcoming events, and general information about the city. The channel also features local weather reports.
Broken Arrow has a website that provides information on the city, its government, local amenities, safety, local news, and economic development. [45] The city's chamber of commerce also has a website, which contains information about the chamber and economic development in the city. [46]
Oklahoma City, officially the City of Oklahoma City, and often shortened to OKC, is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The county seat of Oklahoma County, it ranks 20th among United States cities in population, and is the 8th largest city in the Southern United States. The population grew following the 2010 census and reached 681,054 in the 2020 census. The Oklahoma City metropolitan area had a population of 1,396,445, and the Oklahoma City–Shawnee Combined Statistical Area had a population of 1,469,124, making it Oklahoma's largest municipality and metropolitan area by population.
Wagoner County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 80,981. Its county seat is Wagoner.
Tulsa County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 669,279, making it the second-most populous county in the state, behind only Oklahoma County. Its county seat and largest city is Tulsa, the second-largest city in the state. Founded at statehood, in 1907, it was named after the previously established city of Tulsa. Before statehood, the area was part of both the Creek Nation and the Cooweescoowee District of Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory.
Rogers County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 95,240, making it the sixth-most populous county in Oklahoma. The county seat is Claremore. Rogers County is included in the Tulsa, OK metropolitan statistical area.
Carter County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,003. Its county seat is Ardmore. The county was named for Captain Ben W. Carter, a Cherokee who lived among the Chickasaw.
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Jenks is a city in Tulsa County, Oklahoma, United States, and a suburb of Tulsa, in the northeastern part of the state. It is situated between the Arkansas River and U.S. Route 75. Jenks is one of the fastest-growing cities in Oklahoma. The city's population was 16,924 in the 2010 census, but by 2020, this had grown to 25,949. The Census estimated Jenks' population as 27,553 in 2023.
Coweta is a city in Wagoner County, Oklahoma, United States, a suburb of Tulsa. As of 2010, its population was 9,943. Part of the Creek Nation in Indian Territory before Oklahoma became a U.S. state, the town was first settled in 1840.
New Tulsa was a town in Wagoner County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 568 at the 2000 census. The town was dissolved in 2001 by a vote of the residents and is now part of the city of Broken Arrow.
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Tulsa is the second-most-populous city in the state of Oklahoma, after Oklahoma City, and is the 48th-most-populous city in the United States. The population was 413,066 as of the 2020 census. It is the principal municipality of the Tulsa metropolitan area, a region with 1,034,123 residents. The city serves as the county seat of Tulsa County, the most densely populated county in Oklahoma, with urban development extending into Osage, Rogers and Wagoner counties.
Catoosa is a city in Rogers and Wagoner counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. The population was 7,440 at the 2020 census compared to 7,159 at the 2010 census.
Owasso is a city in Rogers and Tulsa Counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and the largest northern suburb of Tulsa. The population was 39,328 persons as of the 2022 census estimate, compared to 28,915 at the 2010 census, a gain of 36 percent. Originally settled in 1881 in Indian Territory, the town was incorporated in 1904 just before Oklahoma statehood and was chartered as a city in 1972.
Bixby is a city in Tulsa and Wagoner counties in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and is a suburb of Tulsa. The population was 28,609 at the 2020 census and 20,884 in the 2010 census, an increase of 13.70 percent In 2010, Bixby became the 19th largest city in Oklahoma. It is nicknamed "The Garden Spot of Oklahoma" for its rich agrarian heritage. Though one of the fastest-growing communities in Oklahoma, it remains a sod-growing center and a popular location for purchasing fresh vegetables. The per capita income of $36,257 is the highest in the Tulsa Metropolitan area and is more than 50 percent higher than the state average.
The Tulsa metropolitan area, officially defined as the Tulsa metropolitan statistical area is a metropolis in northeastern Oklahoma centered around the city of Tulsa and encompassing Tulsa, Rogers, Wagoner, Osage, Creek, Okmulgee and Pawnee counties. It had a population of 1,044,757 according to the 2023 U.S. census estimates.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, as of 2020, the state of Oklahoma had a population of 3,959,353, which is an increase of 208,002 or 5.54% since the year 2010. Oklahoma is the 28th most populous state in the United States.
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