German submarine U-659

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History
War ensign of Germany (1938-1945).svg Nazi Germany
NameU-659
Ordered9 October 1939
Builder Howaldtswerke, Hamburg
Yard number808
Laid down12 February 1941
Launched14 October 1941
Commissioned9 December 1941
FateSunk on 4 May 1943 in the North Atlantic in position 43°32′N13°20′W / 43.533°N 13.333°W / 43.533; -13.333 after colliding with U-439.
General characteristics
Class and type Type VIIC submarine
Displacement
Length
Beam
  • 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a
  • 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Draught4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Installed power
  • 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels)
  • 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced
  • 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range
  • 8,500  nmi (15,700  km; 9,800  mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth
  • 230 m (750 ft)
  • Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement4 officers, 40–56 enlisted
Armament
Service record [1]
Part of:
Identification codes: M 47 074
Commanders:
  • K.Kapt. Hans Stock
  • 9 December 1941 – 4 May 1943
Operations:
  • 5 patrols:
  • 1st patrol:
  • 15 August – 16 September 1942
  • 2nd patrol:
  • 14 October – 5 November 1942
  • 3rd patrol:
  • 12 December 1942 – 5 January 1943
  • 4th patrol:
  • 8 February – 20 March 1943
  • 5th patrol:
  • 25 April – 4 May 1943
Victories:
  • 1 merchant ship sunk
    (7,519  GRT)
  • 3 merchant ships damaged
    (21,565  GRT)

German submarine U-659 was a Type VIIC U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II. She was laid down on 12 February 1941 by Howaldtswerke, Hamburg as yard number 808, launched on 14 October 1941 and commissioned on 9 December 1941 under Oberleutnant zur See Hans Stock.

Contents

Design

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-659 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged. [2] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), a pressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), a beam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert GU 343/38-8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft). [2]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph). [2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-659 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one 8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of between forty-four and sixty. [2]

Service history

The boat's career began with training at 5th U-boat Flotilla on 9 December 1941, followed by active service on 1 September 1942 as part of the 9th Flotilla for the remainder of her service. In five patrols she sank one merchant ship, for a total of 7,519  gross register tons  (GRT), and damaged three others.

Wolfpacks

U-659 took part in seven wolfpacks, namely:

Fate

U-659 sank on 4 May 1943 in the North Atlantic in position 43°32′N13°20′W / 43.533°N 13.333°W / 43.533; -13.333 after colliding with U-439, when both were stalking a Gibraltar convoy. There were just 3 survivors, and 44 hands lost.

Summary of raiding history

DateShip NameNationalityTonnage
(GRT)
Fate [3]
10 September 1942 Empire Oil Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 8,029Damaged
30 October 1942 Bullmouth Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,519Sunk
30 October 1942 Corinaldo Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 7,131Damaged
30 October 1942 Tasmania Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 6,405Damaged

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References

  1. Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type VIIC boat U-659". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Gröner 1991, pp. 43–46.
  3. Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-659". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 4 September 2014.

Bibliography