The International Stabilization Force (ISF) is a United Nations mandated multinational peacekeeping force outlined in a Gaza peace plan agreed by Hamas and Israel in October 2025. The force's stated aims are to help provide security, train a new Palestinian police force, and oversee the demilitarization and redevelopment of the Gaza Strip.[1][2]
Proposals to deploy a multinational peacekeeping force in the Gaza Strip was initially proposed by former British prime minister Tony Blair in a draft peace plan developed in July 2025 which Blair discussed with US president Donald Trump and his adviser Jared Kushner in August 2025.[3][4] Trump presented a 20-point peace plan to end the Gaza War in September 2025, which included provisions for an internationally supervised interim government for the Gaza Strip and an Arab-led multinational peacekeeping force. On 8 October, 2025 Trump announced that Israeli and Palestinian negotiators had agreed to accept the first phase of his proposed peace plan.[5] The agreement was signed by both parties the following day and came into effect on 10 October 2025.
Purpose
Map of proposed withdrawal of the Israeli armed forces from the Gaza Strip
Under the proposal, a multinational peacekeeping force, and locally recruited civilian police force would be deployed into the Gaza Strip accompanied by a withdrawal of the Israel Defense Forces from the territory. The primary goal of the ISF is to create a secure, demilitarized, and "terror-free" Gaza that poses no threat to its neighbors. It would accomplish this by supporting the dismantling of Hamas' military infrastructure, including tunnels and weapons production facilities.[6]
supporting demilitarization and destruction of terror infrastructure
securing border areas with Israel and Egypt
protecting civilians and humanitarian operations
training vetted Palestinian police forces
facilitating humanitarian corridors
assisting the Board of Peace in monitoring the ceasefire
As the ISF takes control and establishes stability, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) is required to withdraw from Gaza in a staged process based on agreed-upon milestones and timelines. A security perimeter is intended to remain in place until Gaza is deemed secure.[8]
Following the first phase of the Gaza war peace plan coming into effect on 10 October 2025, a multinational joint task force is to be established to monitor the ceasefire.
On 15 October, it was reported that about 25 US personnel were in the region serving in a coordination and oversight role for the international stabilization force which is starting to be constructed.[9]
A Civil-Military Coordination Center (CMCC), under the leadership of Brad Cooper, head of US Central Command was set up shortly after the ceasefire agreement came into effect on 10 October 2025. The center aims to help facilitate the flow of humanitarian, logistical, and security assistance from international counterparts into Gaza.
On 3 November 2025, after Jordan and Germany declared that the ISF would need to have a UN mandate,[11] the United States submitted a draft resolution to the United Nations Security Council that would authorize the Stabilization Force for two years under the direction of a Board of Peace.[12][13] The draft underwent two further revisions before being adopted as United Nations Security Council Resolution 2803 on 17 November 2025.[14]
Contributing nations
The Gaza peace plan envisions a 20,000-troop enforcement mission.[14]
On 22 October 2025, Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu insisted that no Turkish forces be deployed in the Gaza Strip as part of the ISF.[22]
On 23 October 2025, it was reported that Azeri and Indonesian troops may form the core of the ISF and that Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates had declined to contribute to the force.[23]
On 20 November, French foreign minister Jean-Yves Le Drian announced that France is willing to deploy 100 security personnel on Palestinian territory.[24]
Obstacles
Hamas, which continues to control roughly half of the Gaza Strip, has rejected any imposed international guardianship plan. Reportedly, many countries want to ensure their troops would be peacekeeping with the consent of all parties, as opposed to having to fight Hamas forces.[25][26]
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