List of longest suspension bridge spans

Last updated

The 1915 Canakkale Bridge in Turkey, opened in 2022, has the longest central span (2,023 m) of any suspension bridge. It crosses the Dardanelles in Turkey. 1915 Canakkale Bridge1.JPG
The 1915 Çanakkale Bridge in Turkey, opened in 2022, has the longest central span (2,023 m) of any suspension bridge. It crosses the Dardanelles in Turkey.

The world's longest suspension bridges are listed according to the length of their main span (i.e., the length of suspended roadway between the bridge's towers). The length of the main span is the most common method of comparing the sizes of suspension bridges, often correlating with the height of the towers and the engineering complexity involved in designing and constructing the bridge. [4] If one bridge has a longer span than another, it does not necessarily mean that the bridge is longer from shore to shore (or from abutment to abutment).

Contents

Suspension bridges have the longest spans of any type of bridge. Cable-stayed bridges, the next longest design, are practical for spans up to just over one kilometre (the longest cable-stayed bridge in the world has a 1,104 m span). Therefore, as of October 2025, the 28 longest bridges on this list are the 28 longest spans of all types of vehicular bridges (other than floating pontoon bridges).

The 1915 Çanakkale Bridge in Turkey holds the record since opening to traffic in March 2022, with a span of 2,023 metres (6,637 ft). [1] [3] Since 1998, the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge in Japan previously held the record with a span of 1,991 metres (6,532 feet), the Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge in China will break the record in 2028 while the Strait of Messina Bridge in Italy will go to the top of the list in 2032.

Completed suspension bridges

This list includes only completed suspension bridges that carry automobiles or trains that are at least 1,000 m (3,300 ft) long. It does not include cable-stayed bridges, footbridges, or pipeline bridges.

GreenDenotes bridge that contains or previously contained the longest span in the world
PhotoNameMain span
metres (feet)
Year openedLocationCountryRef.
1915 Canakkale Bridge2.JPG 1915 Çanakkale Bridge 2,023 m (6,637 ft)
2022
Gelibolu Lapseki, Dardanelles
40°20′23″N26°38′12″E / 40.33972°N 26.63667°E / 40.33972; 26.63667 (1915 Çanakkale Bridge)
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey [5]
Akashi bridge.jpg Akashi Kaikyo Bridge 1,991 m (6,532 ft)
1998
Kobe Awaji Island, Hyōgo
34°36′59″N135°1′13″E / 34.61639°N 135.02028°E / 34.61639; 135.02028 (Akashi Kaikyo Bridge)
Flag of Japan.svg Japan [6]
Nanjing Xianxin Road Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Nanjing Xianxin Yangtze River Bridge 1,760 m (5,774 ft)
2025
Nanjing, Jiangsu
32°10′55″N118°53′40″E / 32.18194°N 118.89444°E / 32.18194; 118.89444 (Nanjing Xianxin Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [7]
Yangsigang Bridge1.JPG Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge 1,700 m (5,577 ft)
2019
Wuhan, Hubei
30°30′37″N114°15′24″E / 30.51028°N 114.25667°E / 30.51028; 114.25667 (Yangsigang Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [8]
Nansha Bridge
(East span)
1,688 m (5,538 ft)
2019
Nansha Dongguan, Guangdong
22°53′5″N113°33′55″E / 22.88472°N 113.56528°E / 22.88472; 113.56528 (Nansha Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [9]
Shenzhong Bridge of G2518-2.jpg Shenzhen–Zhongshan Bridge 1,666 m (5,466 ft)
2024
Shenzhen Zhongshan, Guangdong
22°33′20″N113°43′34″E / 22.55556°N 113.72611°E / 22.55556; 113.72611 (Shenzhen–Zhongshan Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [10]
Xihoumen Bridge.JPG Xihoumen Bridge 1,650 m (5,413 ft)
2009
Zhoushan, Zhejiang
30°3′42″N121°54′55″E / 30.06167°N 121.91528°E / 30.06167; 121.91528 (Xihoumen Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [11]
Storebaeltsbroen-2.jpg Great Belt Bridge 1,624 m (5,328 ft)
1998
Korsør Sprogø, Region Zealand
55°20′30″N11°2′9″E / 55.34167°N 11.03583°E / 55.34167; 11.03583 (Great Belt Bridge)
Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark [12]
Ningyang Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Ningyang Yangtze River Bridge 1,560 m (5,118 ft)
2025
Nanjing Yangzhou, Jiangsu
32°14′38″N119°5′10″E / 32.24389°N 119.08611°E / 32.24389; 119.08611 (Ningyang Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [13]
Osman Gazi Bridge1.JPG Osman Gazi Bridge 1,550 m (5,085 ft)
2016
Dilovası Altınova, Gulf of İzmit
40°45′18″N29°30′56″E / 40.75500°N 29.51556°E / 40.75500; 29.51556 (Osman Gazi Bridge)
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey [14]
Yi Sun-sin Bridge2.jpg Yi Sun-sin Bridge 1,545 m (5,069 ft)
2012
Gwangyang Yeosu, South Jeolla Province
34°54′21″N127°42′19″E / 34.90583°N 127.70528°E / 34.90583; 127.70528 (Yi Sun-sin Bridge)
Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea [15]
Runyang Bridge 2025.JPG Runyang Yangtze River Bridge 1,490 m (4,888 ft)
2005
Yangzhou Zhenjiang, Jiangsu
32°12′26″N119°21′49″E / 32.20722°N 119.36361°E / 32.20722; 119.36361 (Runyang Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [16]
Second Dongtinghu Bridge1.JPG Second Dongting Lake Bridge 1,480 m (4,856 ft)
2018
Yueyang, Hunan
29°25′25″N113°7′29″E / 29.42361°N 113.12472°E / 29.42361; 113.12472 (Second Dongting Lake Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [17]
Huajiang Canyon Bridge1.JPG Huajiang Canyon Bridge 1,420 m (4,659 ft)
2025
Guanling County Zhenfeng County, Guizhou
25°42′17″N105°35′17″E / 25.70472°N 105.58806°E / 25.70472; 105.58806 (Huajiang Canyon Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [18]
Fourth Nanjing Yangtze Bridge1.JPG Nanjing Qixiashan Yangtze River Bridge 1,418 m (4,652 ft)
2012
Nanjing, Jiangsu
32°10′40″N118°56′26″E / 32.17778°N 118.94056°E / 32.17778; 118.94056 (Nanjing Qixiashan Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [19]
Humber Bridge (20364633539)2.jpg Humber Bridge 1,410 m (4,626 ft)
1981
Hessle Barton-upon-Humber, Yorkshire and the Humber
53°42′25″N0°27′0″W / 53.70694°N 0.45000°W / 53.70694; -0.45000 (Humber Bridge)
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom [20]
Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge1.JPG Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge 1,408 m (4,619 ft)
2016
Istanbul, Bosphorus
41°12′11″N29°6′42″E / 41.20306°N 29.11167°E / 41.20306; 29.11167 (Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge)
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey [Note 1]
[21]
Hua Li Gao Su Jin An Jin Sha Jiang Da Qiao 02.jpg Jin'an Jinsha River Bridge 1,386 m (4,547 ft)
2020
Lijiang, Yunnan
26°49′23″N100°26′34″E / 26.82306°N 100.44278°E / 26.82306; 100.44278 (Jin'an Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [22]
Jiangyin Bridge1.JPG Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge 1,385 m (4,544 ft)
1999
Jiangyin Jingjiang, Jiangsu
31°56′43″N120°16′10″E / 31.94528°N 120.26944°E / 31.94528; 120.26944 (Jiangyin Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [23]
Tsing Ma Bridge 2.jpg Tsing Ma Bridge 1,377 m (4,518 ft)
1997
Tsing Yi Ma Wan, Hong Kong
22°21′5″N114°4′27″E / 22.35139°N 114.07417°E / 22.35139; 114.07417 (Tsing Ma Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [24]
Hardangerbrua (15028061131).png Hardanger Bridge 1,310 m (4,298 ft)
2013
Ulvik Eidfjord, Vestland
60°28′45″N6°49′47″E / 60.47917°N 6.82972°E / 60.47917; 6.82972 (Hardanger Bridge)
Flag of Norway.svg Norway [25]
Verrazano Bridge2.jpg Verrazzano–Narrows Bridge 1,298 m (4,260 ft)
1964
New York City, New York
40°36′23″N74°2′44″W / 40.60639°N 74.04556°W / 40.60639; -74.04556 (Verrazzano–Narrows Bridge)
Flag of the United States.svg United States [26]
Golden Gate Bridge .JPG Golden Gate Bridge 1,280 m (4,200 ft)
1937
San Francisco Marin County, California
37°49′11″N122°28′43″W / 37.81972°N 122.47861°W / 37.81972; -122.47861 (Golden Gate Bridge)
Flag of the United States.svg United States [27]
Yangluo Yangtze River Bridge 2025.JPG Yangluo Yangtze River Bridge 1,280 m (4,199 ft)
2007
Wuhan, Hubei
30°38′11″N114°33′18″E / 30.63639°N 114.55500°E / 30.63639; 114.55500 (Yangluo Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [28]
Hogakustenbron-2-edit.jpg Höga Kusten Bridge 1,210 m (3,970 ft)
1997
Utansjö, Västernorrland County
62°47′52″N17°56′19″E / 62.79778°N 17.93861°E / 62.79778; 17.93861 (Höga Kusten Bridge)
Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden [29]
Yan Zhou Nan Sha Da Qiao .png Nansha Bridge
(West span)
1,200 m (3,937 ft)
2019
Nansha Dongguan, Guangdong
22°52′59″N113°31′7″E / 22.88306°N 113.51861°E / 22.88306; 113.51861 (Nansha Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [30]
Hongjun Chishuihe Bridge image.jpg Chajiaotan Bridge 1,200 m (3,937 ft)
2019
Xishui County, Guizhou Gulin County, Sichuan
28°9′57″N106°8′7″E / 28.16583°N 106.13528°E / 28.16583; 106.13528 (Chajiaotan Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [31]
Long Jiang Te Da Qiao 1.jpg Longjiang Bridge 1,196 m (3,924 ft)
2016
Baoshan, Yunnan
24°50′19″N98°40′19″E / 24.83861°N 98.67194°E / 24.83861; 98.67194 (Longjiang Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [32]
Aizhai Bridge-10.jpg Aizhai Bridge 1,176 m (3,858 ft)
2012
Jishou, Hunan
28°19′55″N109°35′54″E / 28.33194°N 109.59833°E / 28.33194; 109.59833 (Aizhai Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [33]
Wujiagang Yangtze River Bridge 2025.JPG Wujiagang Yangtze River Bridge 1,160 m (3,806 ft)
2021
Yichang, Hubei
30°37′3″N111°21′36″E / 30.61750°N 111.36000°E / 30.61750; 111.36000 (Wujiagang Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [34]
Mackinac Bridge from the air4.jpg Mackinac Bridge 1,158 m (3,799 ft)
1957
Mackinaw City St. Ignace, Michigan
45°48′54″N84°43′41″W / 45.81500°N 84.72806°W / 45.81500; -84.72806 (Mackinac Bridge)
Flag of the United States.svg United States [35]
Ulsan Bridge over the Taehwa River2.jpg Ulsan Bridge 1,150 m (3,773 ft)
2015
Ulsan
35°30′42″N129°23′29″E / 35.51167°N 129.39139°E / 35.51167; 129.39139 (Ulsan Bridge)
Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea [36]
Nordnorwegen 2019 0066 (48616430347)2.jpg Hålogaland Bridge 1,145 m (3,757 ft)
2018
Rombaken, Narvik
68°27′35″N17°28′53″E / 68.45972°N 17.48139°E / 68.45972; 17.48139 (Hålogaland Bridge)
Flag of Norway.svg Norway [37]
Qingshui River Bridge1.JPG Qingshui River Bridge 1,130 m (3,707 ft)
2015
Kaiyang County Weng'an County, Guizhou
27°1′46″N107°11′24″E / 27.02944°N 107.19000°E / 27.02944; 107.19000 (Qingshui River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [38]
Braila Bridge1.JPG Brăila Bridge 1,120 m (3,675 ft)
2023
Brăila, Danube
45°18′54″N28°0′8″E / 45.31500°N 28.00222°E / 45.31500; 28.00222 (Brăila Bridge)
Flag of Romania.svg Romania [39]
Huangpu bridge-edit.jpg Huangpu Bridge 1,108 m (3,635 ft)
2008
Guangzhou, Guangdong
23°4′18″N113°28′32″E / 23.07167°N 113.47556°E / 23.07167; 113.47556 (Huangpu Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [40]
GreatSetoBridge2-edit.jpg Minami Bisan-Seto Bridge 1,100 m (3,609 ft)
1989
Sakaide Shiwaku Islands, Kagawa
34°21′52″N133°49′31″E / 34.36444°N 133.82528°E / 34.36444; 133.82528 (Minami Bisan-Seto Bridge)
Flag of Japan.svg Japan [41]
Ya'an-Kangding Highway Bridge Crossing the Dadu River.jpeg Xingkang Bridge 1,100 m (3,609 ft)
2018
Luding County, Sichuan
29°57′57″N102°12′53″E / 29.96583°N 102.21472°E / 29.96583; 102.21472 (Xingkang Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [42]
Kaizhouhu Bridge1.JPG Kaizhou Lake Bridge 1,100 m (3,609 ft)
2021
Kaiyang County, Guizhou
27°11′59″N107°5′14″E / 27.19972°N 107.08722°E / 27.19972; 107.08722 (Kaizhou Lake Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [43]
Longmen Bridge (Guangxi) 1,098 m (3,602 ft)
2024
Qinzhou, Guangxi
21°45′12″N108°33′16″E / 21.75333°N 108.55444°E / 21.75333; 108.55444 (Longmen Bridge (Guangxi))
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [44]
Wufengshan Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Wufengshan Yangtze River Bridge 1,092 m (3,583 ft)
2020
Zhenjiang, Jiangsu
32°13′37″N119°40′30″E / 32.22694°N 119.67500°E / 32.22694; 119.67500 (Wufengshan Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [45]
Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge1.JPG Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge 1,090 m (3,576 ft)
1988
Istanbul, Bosphorus
41°5′28″N29°3′41″E / 41.09111°N 29.06139°E / 41.09111; 29.06139 (Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge)
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey [46]
Balinghe Bridge-5.jpg Baling River Bridge 1,088 m (3,570 ft)
2009
Guanling County, Guizhou
25°57′41″N105°37′49″E / 25.96139°N 105.63028°E / 25.96139; 105.63028 (Baling River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [47]
Taizhou Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Taizhou Yangtze River Bridge 1,080 m (3,543 ft)
2012
Taizhou, Jiangsu
32°14′49″N119°52′35″E / 32.24694°N 119.87639°E / 32.24694; 119.87639 (Taizhou Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [Note 2]
[48]
Ma'anshan Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Ma'anshan Yangtze River Bridge 1,080 m (3,543 ft)
2013
Ma'anshan, Anhui
31°36′50″N118°23′35″E / 31.61389°N 118.39306°E / 31.61389; 118.39306 (Ma'anshan Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [Note 2]
[49]
Zangkejiang Bridge1.JPG Zangkejiang Bridge 1,080 m (3,543 ft)
2025
Shuicheng Pu'an, Guizhou
26°9′59″N105°6′45″E / 26.16639°N 105.11250°E / 26.16639; 105.11250 (Zangkejiang Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [50]
Bosphorus Bridge1.JPG Bosphorus Bridge 1,074 m (3,524 ft)
1973
Istanbul, Bosphorus
41°2′43″N29°2′4″E / 41.04528°N 29.03444°E / 41.04528; 29.03444 (Bosphorus Bridge)
Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey [51]
George Washington Bridge from New Jersey-edit.jpg George Washington Bridge 1,067 m (3,500 ft)
1931
New York City, New York Fort Lee, New Jersey
40°51′6″N73°57′9″W / 40.85167°N 73.95250°W / 40.85167; -73.95250 (George Washington Bridge)
Flag of the United States.svg United States [27]
FumaYangtzeByHighestBridges.jpg Fuma Yangtze River Bridge 1,050 m (3,445 ft)
2017
Wanzhou, Chongqing
30°50′4″N108°28′9″E / 30.83444°N 108.46917°E / 30.83444; 108.46917 (Fuma Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [52]
Qipanzhou Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Qipanzhou Yangtze River Bridge 1,038 m (3,406 ft)
2021
Huangshi, Hubei
30°9′9″N115°16′2″E / 30.15250°N 115.26722°E / 30.15250; 115.26722 (Qipanzhou Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [53]
Kurushimakaikyou ohashi.jpg Third Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge 1,030 m (3,379 ft)
1999
Imabari Umashima, Ehime
34°6′56″N132°59′5″E / 34.11556°N 132.98472°E / 34.11556; 132.98472 (Third Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge)
Flag of Japan.svg Japan [54]
Kurushima Kaikyo Bridge-1.jpg Second Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge 1,020 m (3,346 ft)
1999
Umashima Ōshima, Ehime
34°7′16″N133°0′0″E / 34.12111°N 133.00000°E / 34.12111; 133.00000 (Second Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge)
Flag of Japan.svg Japan [55]
Xintian Yangtze River Bridge 1,020 m (3,346 ft)
2022
Wanzhou, Chongqing
30°38′42″N108°20′53″E / 30.64500°N 108.34806°E / 30.64500; 108.34806 (Xintian Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [56]
25 De Abril Bridge (226290561).jpeg 25 de Abril Bridge 1,013 m (3,323 ft)
1966
Lisbon Almada, Lisboa Region
38°41′39.059″N9°10′41.326″W / 38.69418306°N 9.17814611°W / 38.69418306; -9.17814611 (25 de Abril Bridge)
Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal [57]
Forth Road Bridge-2.jpg Forth Road Bridge 1,006 m (3,300 ft)
1964
South Queensferry North Queensferry, Fife
56°0′6.120″N3°24′14.616″W / 56.00170000°N 3.40406000°W / 56.00170000; -3.40406000 (Forth Road Bridge)
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom [58]
Yidu Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Yidu Yangtze River Bridge 1,000 m (3,281 ft)
2021
Yidu, Hubei
30°24′35″N111°30′59″E / 30.40972°N 111.51639°E / 30.40972; 111.51639 (Yidu Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [59]
Continued by: main spans of 500-1000 meters

Bridges under construction or planned

Most of the large suspension bridges built in recent years have been in the People's Republic of China. As the following list shows, most of the bridges under construction are also in China.

PhotoNameMain span
metres (feet)
Year to openLocationCountryRef.
Strait of Messina Bridge 3,300 m (10,830 ft)
2032
Messina, Sicily Villa San Giovanni, Calabria
38°14′51″N15°38′21″E / 38.24750°N 15.63917°E / 38.24750; 15.63917 (Strait of Messina Bridge)
Flag of Italy.svg Italy [60]
[61]
Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge
(South span)
2,300 m (7,550 ft)
2028
Zhangjiagang Jingjiang Rugao, Jiangsu
32°1′35″N120°31′38″E / 32.02639°N 120.52722°E / 32.02639; 120.52722 (Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [62]
[63]
Second Sutong Yangtze River Bridge 2,300 m (7,550 ft)
2031
Suzhou Nantong, Jiangsu
31°54′4″N120°51′36″E / 31.90111°N 120.86000°E / 31.90111; 120.86000 (Second Sutong Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [Note 1]
[64]
[65]
Jinwenlu Yangtze River Bridge
锦文路长江大桥
2,186 m (7,170 ft)
Nanjing, Jiangsu
31°52′37″N118°32′44″E / 31.87694°N 118.54556°E / 31.87694; 118.54556 (Jinwenlu Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [66]
Shiziyang Bridge 2,180 m (7,150 ft)
2028
Guangzhou Dongguan, Guangdong
22°51′13″N113°33′59″E / 22.85361°N 113.56639°E / 22.85361; 113.56639 (Shiziyang Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [67]
Yanji Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Yanji Yangtze River Bridge 1,860 m (6,100 ft)
2026
Huanggang Ezhou, Hubei
30°24′26″N114°59′11″E / 30.40722°N 114.98639°E / 30.40722; 114.98639 (Yanji Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [68]
Shuangyumen Bridge 1,768 m (5,800 ft)
2027
Zhoushan, Zhejiang
29°43′35″N122°02′14″E / 29.72639°N 122.03722°E / 29.72639; 122.03722 (Shuangyumen Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [69]
Lugu Lake Bridge 1,680 m (5,510 ft)
2027
Yanyuan County, Sichuan
27°40′26″N101°7′52″E / 27.67389°N 101.13111°E / 27.67389; 101.13111 (Lugu Lake Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [70]
Hannan Yangtze River Bridge 1,600 m (5,250 ft)
2027
Wuhan Xianning, Hubei
30°17′26″N113°55′41″E / 30.29056°N 113.92806°E / 30.29056; 113.92806 (Hannan Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [71]
Xiaowan Lancang River Bridge
小湾澜沧江特大桥
1,575 m (5,170 ft)
2028
Fengqing County, Yunnan
24°44′12″N100°02′50″E / 24.73667°N 100.04722°E / 24.73667; 100.04722 (Xiaowan Lancang River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [72]
Xihoumen Rail/Road Bridge 1,488 m (4,880 ft)
2026
Zhoushan, Zhejiang
30°4′59″N121°53′55″E / 30.08306°N 121.89861°E / 30.08306; 121.89861 (Xihoumen Rail/Road Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [Note 1]
[73]
Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge1.JPG Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge 1,430 m (4,690 ft)
2026
Wuhan Ezhou, Hubei
30°36′34″N114°45′4″E / 30.60944°N 114.75111°E / 30.60944; 114.75111 (Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [74]
Yongchang Lancang River Bridge 1,416 m (4,650 ft)
2028
Changning County, Yunnan
24°53′30″N99°44′39″E / 24.89167°N 99.74417°E / 24.89167; 99.74417 (Yongchang Lancang River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [75]
[76]
Dahe Bridge
大河特大桥
1,250 m (4,100 ft)
2028
Liupanshui, Guizhou
26°39′51″N104°50′05″E / 26.66417°N 104.83472°E / 26.66417; 104.83472 (Dahe Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [77]
[78]
Fuxing Yangtze River Bridge 1,208 m (3,960 ft)
2026
Yunyang County, Chongqing
30°55′33″N108°46′24″E / 30.92583°N 108.77333°E / 30.92583; 108.77333 (Fuxing Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [79]
Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge2.JPG Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge
(North span)
1,208 m (3,960 ft)
2028
Zhangjiagang Jingjiang Rugao, Jiangsu
32°3′7″N120°33′6″E / 32.05194°N 120.55167°E / 32.05194; 120.55167 (Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [63]
Yalong Liangshan Bridge 1,200 m (3,940 ft)
2028
Yanyuan County, Sichuan
27°42′32″N102°0′1″E / 27.70889°N 102.00028°E / 27.70889; 102.00028 (Yalong Liangshan Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [80]
Nanjinguan Yangtze River Bridge
南津关长江大桥
1,200 m (3,940 ft)
2028
Yichang, Hubei
30°46′1″N111°15′10″E / 30.76694°N 111.25278°E / 30.76694; 111.25278 (Nanjinguan Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [81]
Wudongde Jinsha River Bridge
乌东德金沙江特大桥
1,180 m (3,870 ft)
2028
Huidong County, Sichuan Luquan County, Yunnan
26°21′58″N102°34′08″E / 26.36611°N 102.56889°E / 26.36611; 102.56889 (Wudongde Jinsha River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [82]
Chacao Channel bridge 1,155 m (3,790 ft)
2028
Pargua Chacao, Los Lagos Region
41°47′44″S73°31′22″W / 41.79556°S 73.52278°W / -41.79556; -73.52278 (Chacao Channel bridge)
Flag of Chile.svg Chile [Note 3]
[83]
Libu Yangtze Bridge1.JPG Libu Yangtze River Rail/Road Bridge 1,120 m (3,670 ft)
2028
Jingzhou, Hubei
30°17′14″N112°4′33″E / 30.28722°N 112.07583°E / 30.28722; 112.07583 (Libu Yangtze River Rail/Road Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [Note 1]
[84]
Xingyi Yangtze River Rail/Road Bridge
兴义长江公铁大桥
1,120 m (3,670 ft)
2030
Fengdu, Chongqing
29°56′28″N107°47′49″E / 29.94111°N 107.79694°E / 29.94111; 107.79694 (Xingyi Yangtze River Rail/Road Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [85]
Guangrui Yangtze River Bridge
广瑞长江大桥
1,108 m (3,640 ft)
Wuxue, Hubei Ruichang, Jiangxi
29°50′44″N115°38′10″E / 29.84556°N 115.63611°E / 29.84556; 115.63611 (Guangrui Yangtze River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [Note 4]
Chuandian Jinsha River Bridge 1,060 m (3,480 ft)
2026
Ningnan County, Sichuan Qiaojia County, Yunnan
26°58′45″N102°53′39″E / 26.97917°N 102.89417°E / 26.97917; 102.89417 (Chuandian Jinsha River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [86]
Sichuan-Tibet Railway Dadu River Bridge 1,060 m (3,480 ft)
2030
Luding County, Sichuan
29°55′50″N102°13′45″E / 29.93056°N 102.22917°E / 29.93056; 102.22917 (Sichuan-Tibet Railway Dadu River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [87]
Sichuan-Tibet Railway Nu River Bridge 1,040 m (3,410 ft)
2030
Pasho County, Tibet Autonomous Region
30°27′28″N96°39′58″E / 30.45778°N 96.66611°E / 30.45778; 96.66611 (Sichuan-Tibet Railway Nu River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [88]
KahaluoLonglensReservoir copy.jpg Kahaluo Jinsha River Bridge 1,030 m (3,380 ft)
2026
Leibo County, Sichuan Yongshan County, Yunnan
27°58′14″N103°30′43″E / 27.97056°N 103.51194°E / 27.97056; 103.51194 (Kahaluo Jinsha River Bridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [89]

History of longest suspension spans

PhotoBridgeLocationLength
m (ft)
Years of
longest span
Notes
Yaxchilan Pile.JPG
Hypothesized support
Maya Bridge at Yaxchilan Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico62 m (203 ft)600–1430Hemp-rope simple suspension footbridge. Existence unproven. No longer standing.

Prior longest bridges are located in List of longest arch bridge spans. Exceeded by the masonry arch Trezzo sull'Adda Bridge from 1377 to 1416, with main span of 72 m.

Old Chain-Bridge at Chaksam.jpg Chushul Chakzam Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China
Tibet
137 m (449 ft)1430–1820Chain suspension footbridge south of Lhasa, built by Thangtong Gyalpo. Reported by British spies to still be in use in 1878. Later (before 1904) fell into disuse after river course changed, swamping the northern end. [90] Dynamited by Chinese soldiers after the Battle of Chamdo in 1950. [91]
Union Chain Bridge between England and Scotland, 2019.jpg Union Chain Bridge Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom
Scotland–England
137 m (449 ft)1820–1826The oldest in the world still in use today.
Pont y Borth (Menai Suspension Bridge) a godwyd gan Telford, rhwng Ynys Mon a Gwynedd; Mehefin 2023 12.jpg Menai Suspension Bridge Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom
Wales
176 m (577 ft)1826–1834
Zahringen Bridge circa 1920.jpg Great Suspension BridgeFlag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland
Fribourg
271 m (889 ft)1834–1849The bridge was replaced by the Zähringen Bridge  [ de ] in the 1920s.
Wheeling Suspension Bridge.jpg Wheeling Suspension Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
West Virginia
308 m (1,010 ft)1849–1866The longest deck span from 1849 until 1866, and the oldest vehicular suspension bridge in use in the United States until 2019.
Queenston-Lewiston Bridge 1915.jpg Queenston-Lewiston Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada
317 m (1,040 ft)1851–1866The longest cable span from 1851 until it was destroyed by wind in 1864. However, the road deck span was only 258 meters long.
Roebling Bridge from Riverfront Commons, Covington, KY - 51386389937.jpg John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
KentuckyOhio
322 m (1,056 ft)1866–1869
New Suspension Bridge - Niagara Falls.jpg Niagara Clifton Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada
384 m (1,260 ft)1869–1883Replaced in 1899.
Brooklyn Bridge Postdlf.jpg Brooklyn Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
New York City
486 m (1,594 ft)1883–1903
Williamsburg Bridge full.jpg Williamsburg Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
New York City
488 m (1,601 ft)1903–1924It was the longest suspension span but not the longest span of all bridges. The Forth Bridge, completed in 1890, a cantilever bridge with two spans of 521 m was longer until surpassed by the Quebec Bridge in 1917.
Bear Mountain Bridge November 3 2018.jpg Bear Mountain Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
New York
497 m (1,631 ft)1924–1926It was the longest suspension span but not the longest span of all bridges. The Quebec Bridge completed in 1917, a cantilever bridge with a span of 549 m was longer until surpassed in 1929 by the Ambassador Bridge.

The first suspension bridge to have a concrete deck. The construction methods pioneered in building it would make possible several much larger projects to follow.

2012 Ben Franklin Bridge and Race Street Pier.jpg Benjamin Franklin Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
PennsylvaniaNew Jersey
533 m (1,749 ft)1926–1929It was the longest suspension span but not the longest span of all bridges.
Ambassador Bridge 2025a.jpg Ambassador Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada
564 m (1,850 ft)1929–1931Since this bridge was built, the record for longest bridge span has only been held by suspension bridges.
George Washington Bridge from New Jersey-edit.jpg George Washington Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
New YorkNew Jersey
1,067 m (3,501 ft)1931–1937The first span longer than 1 km. Nearly double the length of any previously built bridge at the time of its opening.
Back to FRISCO (4734975172).jpg Golden Gate Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
California
1,280 m (4,200 ft)1937–1964Also the longest bridge span in the world from 1937 to 1964
New York City Verrazano-Narrows Bridge.jpg Verrazzano–Narrows Bridge Flag of the United States.svg United States
New York City
1,298 m (4,259 ft)1964–1981Also the longest bridge span in the world from 1964 to 1981
Humber Bridge South Bank2.jpg Humber Bridge Flag of the United Kingdom.svg UK
Yorkshire
1,410 m (4,630 ft)1981–1998Also the longest bridge span in the world from 1981 to 1998
Akashi Big Bridge.jpg Akashi Kaikyo Bridge Flag of Japan.svg Japan1,991 m (6,532 ft)1998–2022Also the longest bridge span in the world from 1998 to 2022. The largest ever increase in length.
Canakkale 1915 Bridge3.jpg Çanakkale 1915 Bridge Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey2,023 m (6,637 ft)2022–PresentThe longest bridge span in the world since 2022. The first span longer than 2 km.

Sources: [92] [93] [94]

Diagram of longest suspension spans

BridgeMain spanDiagram
Strait of Messina Bridge
under construction
3,300 m (10,830 ft) [60] Diagram Strait of Messina Bridge Suspension.svg
Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge
under construction
2,300 m (7,550 ft) [62] Diagram Zhangjinggao Suspension.svg
1915 Çanakkale Bridge 2,023 m (6,640 ft) [5] Diagram Canakkale Suspension.svg
Akashi Kaikyo Bridge 1,991 m (6,530 ft) [6] Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge2.svg
Nanjing Xianxin Yangtze River Bridge 1,760 m (5,770 ft) [7] Diagram Nanjing Xianxin Suspension.svg
Golden Gate Bridge 1,280 m (4,200 ft) [27] Golden-Gate-Bridge2.svg

Longest suspension footbridges

PhotoNameMain span
metres (feet)
Year to openLocationCountryRef.
Nemzeti Osszetartozas Hidja 1.jpg Bridge of National Unity (Hungary) 723 m (2,372 ft)
2024
Sátoraljaújhely, Northern Hungary
48°23′24.3″N21°38′22.9″E / 48.390083°N 21.639694°E / 48.390083; 21.639694 (Bridge of National Unity (Hungary))
Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary [95]
[96]
Sky Bridge 721.jpg Sky Bridge 721 721 m (2,365 ft)
2022
Dolní Morava, Pardubice Region
50°8′56″N16°50′13″E / 50.14889°N 16.83694°E / 50.14889; 16.83694 (Sky Bridge 721)
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic [97]
Willingen-Skywalk-1-Asio.JPG Skywalk Willingen  [ de ]665 m (2,182 ft)
2023
Willingen, Hesse
51°16′29.3″N8°36′59.9″E / 51.274806°N 8.616639°E / 51.274806; 8.616639 (Skywalk Willingen)
Flag of Germany.svg Germany [98]
Yundingfeidu Glass Footbridge 615 m (2,018 ft)
2021
Xuanhan County, Sichuan
31°37′15″N108°24′39″E / 31.62083°N 108.41083°E / 31.62083; 108.41083 (Yundingfeidu Glass Footbridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [99]
Puente tibetano Canillo (6).jpg Canillo Tibetan Bridge  [ ca ]603 m (1,978 ft)
2021
Canillo
42°34′37.5″N1°36′48.9″E / 42.577083°N 1.613583°E / 42.577083; 1.613583 (Canillo Tibetan Bridge)
Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra [100]
Haizhaigou UFO Glass Footbridge 600 m (2,000 ft)
2023
Pingliang, Gansu
35°22′55.8″N106°47′2.8″E / 35.382167°N 106.784111°E / 35.382167; 106.784111 (Haizhaigou UFO Glass Footbridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [101]
Castelsaraceno Ponte Tibetano.jpg Castelsaraceno Footbridge 586 m (1,923 ft)
2020
Castelsaraceno, Potenza
40°9′57.6″N15°59′20.0″E / 40.166000°N 15.988889°E / 40.166000; 15.988889 (Castelsaraceno Footbridge)
Flag of Italy.svg Italy [102]
Gandaki Golden Footbridge 567 m (1,860 ft)
2020
Parbat District Baglung District
28°15′41.1″N83°36′34.5″E / 28.261417°N 83.609583°E / 28.261417; 83.609583 (Gandaki Golden Footbridge)
Flag of Nepal.svg   Nepal [103]
SellanoMarch292024 01.jpg Sellano Footbridge 517 m (1,696 ft)
2024
Sellano, Perugia
42°53′26.4″N12°55′49.7″E / 42.890667°N 12.930472°E / 42.890667; 12.930472 (Sellano Footbridge)
Flag of Italy.svg Italy [104]
Aerial Paiva 2022 (1).jpg Arouca 516 516 m (1,693 ft)
2021
Arouca, North Region
40°57′51.01″N8°10′29.53″W / 40.9641694°N 8.1748694°W / 40.9641694; -8.1748694 (Arouca 516)
Flag of Portugal (official).svg Portugal [105]
Wanjiazhai Dam Footbridge 500 m (1,600 ft)
1994
Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia Pianguan County, Shanxi
39°34′50.8″N111°25′43″E / 39.580778°N 111.42861°E / 39.580778; 111.42861 (Wanjiazhai Dam Footbridge)
Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China [106]
Suspension Bridge 1 (43640040992).jpg Charles Kuonen Suspension Bridge 494 m (1,621 ft)
2017
Randa, Valais
46°6′4.4″N7°48′7.7″E / 46.101222°N 7.802139°E / 46.101222; 7.802139 (Charles Kuonen Suspension Bridge)
Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland [107]

Other record-holding suspension bridges

The Huajiang Canyon Bridge Huajiang Canyon Bridge2.JPG
The Huajiang Canyon Bridge

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 The bridge is a cable-stayed suspension bridge, the suspension part is better at handling the load in the middle of the bridge, while the cable stayed bridge is better suited to handle the load closest to the tower.
  2. 1 2 Taizhou Yangtze River Bridge and Ma'anshan Yangtze River Bridge have two consecutive main spans of 1,080 metres (3,540 ft) long each.
  3. The Chacao Channel bridge has two main spans, one of 1,155 metres (3,789 ft) and one of 1,055 metres (3,461 ft).
  4. The Guangrui Yangtze River Bridge has two consecutive main spans of 1,108 metres (3,635 ft).

References

  1. 1 2 "Why Turkey Built the World's Longest Suspension Bridge". The B1M. 11 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  2. Tim Gibson (11 May 2022). "Turkey Has Built the World's Longest Suspension Bridge". The B1M.
  3. 1 2 "Groundbreaking ceremony for bridge over Dardanelles to take place on March 18". Hürriyet Daily News . 17 March 2017. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  4. Duan, Lian (2014). "Longest Bridges and Bridge Spans". In Chen, Wai-Fah; Duan, Lian (eds.). Handbook of International Bridge Engineering. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. p. 1307. ISBN   978-1-4398-1029-3 . Retrieved 3 February 2015 via google books. The total length often reflects a project size, while the span length commonly correlates with the engineering complexity involved in designing and constructing of the bridge.
  5. 1 2 Sobotková, Magdaléna (March 2019). "1915 Çanakkale Suspension Bridge" (PDF). e-mosty. No. 1. pp. 7–13. ISSN   2336-8179.
  6. 1 2 "Honshū-Shikoku Bridges - Akashi Kaikyo Bridge" (PDF). Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Expressway Company . Kobe, Japan. March 2013. p. 15. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 November 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  7. 1 2 Xiao, Haizhu; Gao, Zongyu; Lu, Qinfeng; Tang, Heqiang; Yu, Junjie (2024). "南京仙新路长江大桥主桥结构设计" [Structural Design of Main Bridge of Nanjing Xianxin Road Changjiang River Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 54 (2). Wuhan: China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance & Design Institute Co., Ltd.: 1–7. ISSN   1003-4722.
  8. Zhang, Cheng-dong; Xiao, Hai-zhu; Xu, Gong-yi (2016). "杨泗港长江大桥总体设计" [Overall Design of Yangsigang Changjiang River Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 46 (2). Wuhan: China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance & Design Group Co., Ltd.: 81–86. ISSN   1003-4722.
  9. Tong, Jun-hao; Zhu, Chao; Xi-hua (2018). "虎门二桥坭洲水道桥主索鞍吊装施工技术" [Hoisting and Installation Construction Technology for Main Cable Saddle of Nizhou Waterway Bridge of Second Humen Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 48 (6). Guangzhou: The 2nd Humen Bridge Branch,Guangdong Provincial Highway Construction Co.,Ltd.: 6–11. ISSN   1003-4722.
  10. Zou, Wei; Song, Shen-you; Chen, Huan-yong (2020). "深中通道伶仃洋大桥超高混凝土桥塔施工关键技术" [Key Construction Techniques for Ultra-High Performance Concrete Pylon of Lingdingyang Bridge on Shenzhen-Zhongshan Link]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 50 (6). Zhongshan: Shenzhen-Zhongshan Link Administration Center: 97–103. ISSN   1003-4722.
  11. Nie, Li-ying; Li, Jian-zhong; Hu, Shi-de; Li-chu (2006). "西堠门大桥3种梁端约束体系比较" [Comparison of Three Kinds of Girder End Constraint Systems for Xihoumen Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 6. Department of Civil Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing; Department of Bridge Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai: 73–75, 78. ISSN   1003-4722.
  12. Weight, A.J. (April 2009). Critical analysis of the Great Belt East Bridge, Denmark (PDF). Proceedings of Bridge Engineering 2 Conference. University of Bath, Bath, UK. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 December 2018.
  13. Chen, Wei; Zhao, Jun; Wan, Tianbao; Chen, Liuzhuo; Shen, Ruili (2024). "龙潭长江大桥主缆除湿系统送气管道开孔方案研究" [Perforation Scheme for Airflow Conduits of Main Cable Dehumidification System of Longtan Changjiang River Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 54 (5). Yichang, Jiangyin, Wuhan, Chengdu: College of Civil Engineering & Architecture,China Three Gorges University; Jiangsu Fasten Steel Cable Co.,Ltd.; China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance & Design Institute Co.,Ltd.; School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University: 77–84. ISSN   1003-4722.
  14. Zeybek, Fatih (June 2016). "Osman Gazi Bridge (Izmit Bay Suspension Bridge)" (PDF). e-mosty. No. 2. pp. 36–57. ISSN   2336-8179.
  15. Chun, Sung-Bum; An, Ik-Kyun; Kim, Kyung-Taek; Kim, Si-Chul; Kim, Jae-Hong (December 2010). Daelim Industrial Co., Ltd (ed.). "이순신대교 앵커리지의 설계 및 시공" [Design and Construction of the Anchorage of Yi Sun-sin Grand Bridge](PDF). Bridge and Structural Engineering (in Korean). 2 (1). International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering: 9–15. ISSN   2093-1417.
  16. "中国潤揚大橋上部工架設エンジニアリング業務" [China Runyang Bridge Superstructure Erection Engineering Project](PDF). Japan Bridge Association (in Japanese). Retrieved 19 October 2025.
  17. Zeng, Manliang; Wang, Tian; Sun, Xiugui; Zhang, Jinrui (February 2020). "杭瑞高速公路洞庭湖大桥主桥设计及关键技术研究" [Design on Main Bridge of Dongting Lake Bridge of Hangzhou-Ruili Expressway and Study on Its Key Technologies]. Railway Engineering (in Chinese). 60 (2). Changsha: Hunan Provincial Communications Planning,Survey & Design Institute Co. Ltd.: 40–44. ISSN   1003-1995.
  18. Juan, Shan; Jun, Yang (29 September 2025). "Wonder bridge". China Daily . Retrieved 5 October 2025.
  19. Mao, Jianxiao; Ke, Xiandong; Su, Xun; Zhao, Kailin; Wang, Hao; Zong, Hai (2024). "实测车流作用下大跨悬索桥吊索疲劳性能分析" [Fatigue performance analysis of suspenders of a long span suspension bridge under monitored traffic flow]. Journal of Southeast University: Natural Science Edition (in Chinese). 4. Nanjing: Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structure of Ministry of Education,Southeast University; Nanjing Highway Development(Group)Co.,Ltd.: 952–960. ISSN   1001-0505.
  20. Collins, John; Hornby, Richard; Hill, Peter; Cooper, John (May 2013). "Humber Bridge A-frame rocker bearings replacement". IABSE Conference: Assessment, Upgrading and Refurbishment of Infrastructures. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering: 638–639.
  21. 1 2 Sobotková, Magdaléna (June 2016). "Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge (3rd Bosphorus Bridge)" (PDF). e-mosty. No. 2. pp. 6–29. ISSN   2336-8179.
  22. Liu, Bin; Ma, Jian; Wang, Lei; Chen, Jun-gang; Chen, Kong-ling (2018). "云南金安金沙江大桥总体设计" [Overall Design of Jin′an Jinsha River Bridge in Yunnan]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 48 (1). Kunming: Broadvision Engineering Consultants: 82–87. ISSN   1003-4722.
  23. Zhou, Shi-zhong (2000). "江阴长江大桥建设中的重大技术问题" [Key Techniques in Construction of Jiangyin Changjiang River Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 2. Jiangyin: Jiangsu Provincial Yangtze River Bridge Construction Commanding Department: 20–24. ISSN   1003-4722.
  24. Liu, Zhengguang (June 2005). "香港大型悬吊体系桥梁的发展" [The development of cable-supported bridges in Hong Kong]. China Civil Engineering Journal (in Chinese). 38 (6). Maunsell China Engineering Services Ltd.: 59–68. ISSN   1000-131X.
  25. "ハルダンゲル橋(ノルウェー)" [Hardanger Bridge (Norway)](PDF). 国建協情報 (in Japanese). Vol. 830. May 2012.
  26. Amman; Whitney (May 1964). "Puente Verrazano-Narrows". Informes de la Construcción (in Spanish). 17 (160): 65–74. doi: 10.3989/ic.1964.v17.i160.4554 . ISSN   1988-3234.
  27. 1 2 3 Mensch, Ernest Cromwell (1935). "Golden Gate, Georges Washington, Camden, Brooklyn". The Golden Gate bridge: a technical description in ordinary language. San Francisco: self published. p. 62. LCCN   36000775. OCLC   1045570112. OL   6332236M.
  28. Xu, Guoping; Deng, Hai; Liu, Minghu; Virola, Juhani (2005). "The Yangluo Bridge – a large suspension bridge under construction in Wuhan, China" (PDF). RIA 5. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016.
  29. Pettersson, Lars (September 1998). "Höga Kusten Bridge: main cable anchorages and pylon foundations". IABSE Symposium: Long-Span and High-Rise Structures. 79. Kobe, Japan: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering: 435–440. doi:10.5169/seals-59906.
  30. Wu, Mingyuan (2019). "Nansha Bridge (Humen II Bridge) - Ingenious and self-contained full-life design". Bridge Magazine. No. 4. CCCC Highway Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd.
  31. Tao, Long; Xu, Guo-ting; Deng, Heng-chang; Qiang, Yong-lin (2020). "赤水河红军大桥门式框架桥塔施工关键技术" [Key Construction Techniques for Portal-Frame Towers of Chishui River Red Army Bridge]. World Bridges (in Chinese). 1. Chengdu: Sichuan Road & Bridge (Group) Co.,Ltd.; Sichuan Road & Bridge East China Construction Co.,Ltd.: 30–34. ISSN   1671-7767.
  32. "Longjiang Bridge". mageba . Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  33. Liu, Rong; Hu, Jian—hua; Chen, Guo-ping; Liu, Han—biao (2012). "湘西矮寨大桥塔-梁分离式悬索桥桥型结构研究" [Research of Suspension Bridge Structure with Separated Towers and Girder for Aizhai Bridge in West Hunan]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 42 (5). Changsha: Hunan Provincial Transport Planning,Survey and Design Institute; Hunan Expressway Construction and Development Co., Ltd.; Hunan University: 1–8. ISSN   1003-4722.
  34. Xie, Ruijie; Cao, Chunming; Wang, Bibo; Zhou, Changdong (May 2022). "伍家岗长江大桥主桥设计关键技术" [Key Design Techniques for Main Bridge of Wujiagang Yangtze River Bridge]. Railway Engineering (in Chinese). 62 (5). China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance & Design Institute Co. Ltd.,Transportation Department of Yichang: 76–81. ISSN   1003-1995.
  35. Steinman, D.B.; Gronquist, C.H. (January 1959). "Mackinac Bridge - Superstructure Design and Construction". Civil Engineering. Vol. 29, no. 1. American Society of Civil Engineers. pp. 48–57.
  36. 이, 명재; 신, 상훈; 백, 도준; 이, 의택 (2008). 울산대교의 구조설계 [Structural Design of Ulsan-Bridge](PDF). yooshin.co.kr (Report) (in Korean). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 December 2022.
  37. "The Hålogaland Bridge – a landmark located outside of Narvik". Statens vegvesen (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 13 August 2020.
  38. "Asia's Longest, Highest Steel Suspension Bridge Opens in Southwest China". english.cri.cn. Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
  39. Barbu, Coreliu; Kurihara, Shusuke (21–24 September 2022). Suspension bridge over the Danube in Braila Area - 1st Modern Long Span Suspension Bridge Over The Danube (PDF). The 16th Romanian National Congress of Roads and Bridges. IHI Infrastructure Systems Co., Ltd.
  40. Wang, Yingliang; Huang, Chengzao; Wu, Mingyuan (December 2014). "Pearl River Huangpu Southern Channel Bridge, China". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Bridge Engineering. 167 (4): 265–278. doi:10.1680/bren.11.00049.
  41. Ishii, Hiroyuki; Chitose, Kouichi; Morimoto, Yoshinori; Akiyama, Toshiyuki; Sasaki, Hiroyuki. "南備讃瀬戸大橋の概要と施工試験" [Overview of Minami Bisan Seto Bridge and construction test](PDF). Komai Technical Report (in Japanese). 5: 124–136.
  42. Tao, Qi-yu; Cao, Fa-hui; Jiang, Jin-song; Liu, Zhen-yu (2018). "泸定大渡河兴康特大桥抗震设计关键技术" [Key Techniques of Seismic Design of Xingkang Dadu River Bridge in Luding]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 48 (4). Chengdu: Highway Planning, Survey, Design and Research Institute, Department of Transport,Sichuan Province: 90–95. ISSN   1003-4722.
  43. Wang, Hainan; Que, Shuijie; Yin, Bin (2023). "开州湖特大桥加劲梁施工控制技术" [Construction Control Techniques for Stiffening Girder of Kaizhou Lake Bridge]. World Bridges (in Chinese). 51 (6). China Railway Development and Investment Group Co., Ltd., China Railway Bridge & Tunnel Technologies Co., Ltd.: 53–59. ISSN   1671-7767.
  44. "广西龙门大桥正式通车" [Guangxi Longmen Bridge officially opened to traffic]. Mot.gov.cn - Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China (in Chinese). Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  45. Tang, He-qiang; Xu, Gong-yi; Liu, Han-shun (2020). "五峰山长江大桥主桥总体设计" [Overall Design of Main Bridge of Wufengshan Changjiang River Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 50 (6). Wuhan: China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance & Design Institute Co.,Ltd.: 1–7. ISSN   1003-4722.
  46. Dost, Yakup; Dedeoğlu, Erdoğan (5 June 2008). Fatih Sultan Mehmet Köprüsünün Projelendirilme Ve Yapim Aşamaları [Design and Construction Stages of Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge](PDF). First Collaborative Symposium of Turk-Japan Civil Engineers (in Turkish). Istanbul, Turkey. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 July 2011.
  47. Zhu, Ledong; Ren, Pengjie; Chen, Wei; Zhou, Cheng; Wang, Jiquan (August 2011). "坝陵河大桥桥位深切峡谷风剖面实测研究" [Investigation on wind profiles in the deep gorge at the Balinghe bridge site via field measurement]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics (in Chinese). 25 (4). Shanghai: Tongji University: 15–21. ISSN   1672-9897.
  48. Zhang, Min; Wan, Tianbao; Wang, Yingliang (March 2015). "Design and static analysis of the Taizhou Yangtze River Bridge, China". Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Bridge Engineering. 168 (1): 52–63. doi: 10.1680/bren.12.00017 . ISSN   1478-4637.
  49. Yang, Guang—Wu; Xu, Hong—Guang; Zhang, Qiang (2010). "马鞍山长江大桥三塔悬索桥关键技术研究" [Study of Key Techniques for Three-Tower Suspension Bridge of Maanshan Changjiang River Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese) (5). Wuhan, Hefei: China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance & Design Institute Co.,Ltd.; Anhui Provincial Transport Planning,Design and Research Institute: 7–11. ISSN   1003-4722.
  50. Liu, Xinhua; Li, Qiu; Zhang, Kun; Ouyang, Zehui (2024). "纳晴高速牂牁江特大桥总体设计与关键技术" [Overall Design and Key Techniques of Zangke River Bridge of Nayong-Qinglong Expressway]. Bridge construction (in Chinese). 54 (6). Wuhan: CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co., Ltd.: 110–116. ISSN   1003-4722.
  51. "Boğaziçi Köprüsü" [Bosphorus Bridge](PDF). TMH Turkey Engineering News (in Turkish). Vol. 51, no. 442–443. 2006. pp. 78–79.
  52. Xiong, Long; Liao, Hai-li; Zhuo, Ling-jun; Wang, Qi (2016). "驸马长江大桥非线性静风响应研究" [Study of Non-linear Aerostatic Response of Fuma Changjiang River Bridge]. World Bridges (in Chinese). 6. Chengdu: Key Laboratory of Wind Engineering of Sichuan Province, Southeast Jiaotong University: 56–61. ISSN   1671-7767.
  53. Wang, Zhi-Cheng; Yan, Yong-Lun; Xu, Guo-Ping; Zhou, Shan-Shui (2022). "棋盘洲长江公路大桥主桥总体设计" [Overall Design of Main Bridge of Qipanzhou Changjiang River Highway Bridge]. Bridge construction (in Chinese). 52 (3). Beijing: CCCC Highway Consultants Co., Ltd.: 106–112. ISSN   1003-4722.
  54. Kanisawa, Yasuhito; Fujii, Hiroshi; Kawaguchi, Koji (September 1998). "Construction of the Kurushima Bridge". IABSE Symposium: Long-Span and High-Rise Structures. 79. Kobe, Japan: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering: 95–96. doi:10.5169/seals-59838. ISBN   3-85748-021-1.
  55. Sasaki, Masatoshi; Yamaguchi, Kazunori; Tsumura, Naoyoshi; Sato, Takeshi; Mizuno, Hiroshi; Iijima, Yoshitsugu (April 1997). "来 島大橋 主塔5Pの 架 設 時制振 対 策" [Vibration Control Of Kurushima Bridge Tower 5p Under Construction]. 土 木 学 会 論 文 集 (in Japanese). 563 (39): 173–181. doi:10.2208/jscej.1997.563_173.
  56. Wang, Zhicheng; Song, Yingtong; Li, Hongsheng; Guo, Binqiang (2024). "重庆新田长江公路大桥设计" [Design of Xintian Changjiang River Highway Bridge in Chongqing]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 54 (5). Southeast University; CCCC Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.; Chongqing Wanzhou Expressway Co.,Ltd.; China First Highway Engineering Company; Zhejiang Institute of Communications Co.,Ltd.: 133–139. ISSN   1003-4722.
  57. Oliveira, Catarina Miranda; Santos, João Pedro (November 2020). "Structural Health Monitoring of a long-span suspended bridge" (PDF). Portuguese Journal of Structural Engineering. III. 14: 5–18.
  58. Sobotková, Magdaléna (March 2017). "Forth Road Bridge" (PDF). e-mosty. No. 1. pp. 43–74. ISSN   2336-8179.
  59. Luo, Yong; Jiang, Wei; Yi, Long; Ren, Meng (2023). "宜都长江大桥南岸重力式锚碇基础方案比选" [Foundation Selection for South-Bank Gravity Anchorage of Yidu Changjiang River Bridge]. Bridge construction (in Chinese). 53 (S1). Hubei Jiaotou Yichang Expressway Construction Management Co,Ltd., CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.: 127–133. ISSN   1003-4722.
  60. 1 2 "The Bridge". strettodimessina.it (official website). Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  61. "Italy gives final go-ahead for landmark Sicily bridge project". reuters.com. 6 August 2025. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  62. 1 2 Wang, Rengui (November 2023). "张靖皋长江大桥南航道桥设计创新" [Design innovation of south channel bridge of Zhangjinggao Yangtze River Bridge]. Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition) (in Chinese). 53 (6). Beijing: CCCC Highway Consultants Co., Ltd.: 979–987. ISSN   1001-0505.
  63. 1 2 "江苏省发展和改革委员会 其他事项 省发展改革委关于张靖皋长江大桥(张皋过江通道)工程初步设计的批复". fzggw.jiangsu.gov.cn. Retrieved 18 March 2022.
  64. "苏通第二过江通道东水道航道桥北锚碇施工监理项目 招标预告" [Tender Notice for the North Anchorage Construction Supervision Project of the East Channel Bridge of the Second Sutong River Crossing]. Gh.mba (in Chinese). Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  65. "苏通第二过江通道2300米" [Sutong Second Cross-River Tunnel (2,300 meters)]. Zgnt.net (in Chinese). Nantong Daily. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  66. "锦文路过江通道工程 - 环境影响报告书" [Jinwen Road Cross-River Tunnel Project - Environmental Impact Statement](PDF). Gjzx.nanjing.gov.cn (in Chinese). Jiangsu Environmental Protection Industry Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. July 2023. p. 50. Retrieved 2 October 2025.
  67. Xian, Rong; Tang, Mao-Lin; Wu, Ling-zheng; Li, Ze-jun; Zhang, Tai-ke (2023). "Research on Main Cable Erection Influential Parameters of Suspension Bridge with Span Length over 2000 m" [2 000 m级超大跨度悬索桥主缆架设影响参数研究]. World Bridges (in Chinese). 3. Guangzhou, Chengdu: Guangdong Bay Area Transport Construction Investment Co., Ltd.; School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University: 74–80. ISSN   1671-7767.
  68. Peng, Yuan-cheng; Ding, Shao-ling; Ren, Meng; Li, Zhi-Gang; Zhang, Wei (2022). "湖北燕矶长江大桥体系构思与总体设计" [Conception and Design of Yanji Changjiang River Bridge in Hubei Province]. Bridge construction (in Chinese). 52 (3). Wuhan: CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co., Ltd.: 1–7. ISSN   1003-4722.
  69. "舟山:双屿门大桥首桩灌注成功" [Zhoushan: Shuangyumen Bridge's first pile poured successfully]. People's Daily Online (in Chinese). 21 March 2023. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  70. ""重钢造"助力泸沽湖特大桥创四项世界纪录" ["Chongqing Steel" helps Lugu Lake Bridge set four world records]. Csteelnews.com (in Chinese). Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  71. Wang, Changxi; Yang, Yang; Cheng, Minghui; Wang, Junli (2023). "基于地域文化的过江桥梁景观设计" [Landscaping Design for River-Crossing Bridge Based on Local Culture]. World Bridges (in Chinese). 51 (4). Wuhan, Jinhua: School of Art and Design, Wuhan University of Technology; Wuhan Comprehensive Transportation Research Institute Co., Ltd.; College of Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University: 22–29. ISSN   1671-7767.
  72. Sakowski, Eric. "Xiaowan Lancangjiang Bridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  73. Xiao, Hai-zhu; Gao, Zong-yu; Liu, Jun-feng (2020). "西堠门公铁两用大桥主桥结构设计" [Design of Main Bridge of Xihoumen Rail-cum-Road Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 50 (S2). Wuhan: China Railway Major Bridge Reconnaissance & Design Institute Co.,Ltd.: 1–8. ISSN   1003-4722.
  74. Liu, Tao; Liu, Runze; Huang, Hui (2025). "双柳长江大桥南塔塔柱快速化施工关键技术" [Key Accelerated Bridge Construction Techniques for South Tower Columns of Shuangliu Changjiang River Bridge]. Bridge construction (in Chinese). 55 (1). Wuhan: China Railway Major Bridge Engineering Group Co., Ltd., State Key Laboratory of Bridge Intelligent and Green Construction: 7–14. ISSN   1003-4722.
  75. Sakowski, Eric. "Yongchang Lancangjiang Bridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  76. "永昌高速永昌澜沧江特大桥主塔首桩浇筑完成" [Yongchang Expressway Yongchang Lancang Jiangte Bridge main tower first pile construction completed]. yncn.gov.cn. Retrieved 27 September 2025.
  77. Sakowski, Eric. "Dahe Bridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  78. "大国重器打造中国桥梁成为世界"桥"楚". News.sina.com.cn (in Chinese). 30 November 2017. Retrieved 27 September 2025.
  79. "中国十九冶江龙高速复兴长江大桥主跨合龙" [China 19th Metallurgical Construction Corporation Jianglong Expressway Fuxing Yangtze River Bridge main span completed]. People's Daily Online (in Chinese). 12 April 2024. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  80. Sakowski, Eric. "Yalong Liangshan Bridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  81. Sakowski, Eric. "Nanjinguan Yangtze River Bridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 1 January 2026.
  82. Sakowski, Eric. "Jinshajiang Wudongde Bridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  83. Pizarro, Diego; Hube, Matías; Valenzuela, Matías; Márquez, Marcelo (23 September 2015). Dynamic Characteristics of a Longitudinally Asymmetrical Multi-Span Suspension Bridge: The Chacao Bridge. IABSE Conference – Structural Engineering. Geneva, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. doi:10.2749/222137815818203971.
  84. "世界最大跨度双层钢桁梁斜拉悬索协作体系公铁两用桥——荆州李埠长江公铁大桥北锚碇沉井精准下沉到位" [The north anchor caisson of the Jingzhou Libu Yangtze River Highway-Rail Bridge, the world's largest double-span steel truss cable-stayed suspension bridge, has been precisely lowered into place]. China Railway Group Limited (in Chinese). Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  85. "双层桥梁,一跨过江 看重庆丰都兴义长江大桥如何智破建设难关" [A double-deck bridge spanning the Yangtze River in a single span: How the Xingyi Yangtze River Bridge in Fengdu, Chongqing, cleverly overcame construction challenges]. Guizhou Road and Bridge Group (in Chinese). Retrieved 1 January 2026.
  86. Ding, De-hao; Liu, Xin-hua (2023). "金沙江特大桥钢桁加劲梁设计关键技术" [Key Design Techniques for Steel-Truss Stiffening Girder of Jinshajiang River Bridge]. Bridge Construction (in Chinese). 53 (S1). Wuhan: CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co.,Ltd.: 69–75. ISSN   1003-4722.
  87. Ma, Yunfei (October 2021). "川藏铁路大渡河特大桥锚洞对隧道安全影响评价" [Impact Evaluation on Tunnel Safety of Dadu River Bridge on Sichuan-Tibet Railway]. Railway Standard Design (in Chinese). 65 (10). Tianjin: China Railway Design Corporation: 60–65. ISSN   1004-2954.
  88. "川藏铁路雅安至林芝段-重点桥梁工程简介" [Sichuan-Tibet Railway Ya'an to Linzhi Section - Key Bridge Project Introduction]. Beijing Jiaotong University (in Chinese). 8 October 2021. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  89. Tao, Qiyu; Xu, Qigang; Liu, Zhenyu; Chen, Li; Gu, Rui (2025). "沿江高速卡哈洛金沙江大桥主桥四川岸锚碇基础设计与施工" [Design and Construction of Anchorage Foundation in Sichuan Province of Kahalo Jinsha River Bridge of Yanjiang Expressway]. Bridge construction (in Chinese). 55 (4). Chengdu: Sichuan Highway Planning, Survey, Design and Research Institute Ltd.: 142–148. ISSN   1003-4722.
  90. "Lhasa and Its Mysteries : Laurence Austine Waddell : Free Download & Streaming : Internet Archive". Internet Archive. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  91. Gerner, Manfred (2009). Chakzampa Thangtong Gyalpo (PDF). Heidelberg University Library. doi:10.11588/xarep.00000311. ISBN   9789993614395 . Retrieved 5 October 2014.
  92. Gerner, Manfred (2009). Chakzampa Thangtong Gyalpo (PDF). Center for Bhutan Studies. doi:10.11588/xarep.00000311. ISBN   9789993614395 . Retrieved 26 October 2010.
  93. Virola, Juhani. "World's Longest Bridge Spans". Laboratory of Bridge Engineering (LBE), Helsinki University of Technology. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
  94. Denenberg, David. "1820 Union Bridge (each bridge is linked to the span that eclipsed it in length)". Bridgemeister.com. Retrieved 22 March 2009.
  95. Gondár, Péter (2023). "A sátoraljaújhelyi gyalogos kötélhíd tervezése" [Design of the Sátoraljaújhely pedestrian rope bridge]. Lánchíd füzetek (PDF) (in Croatian). Vol. 39. p. 65. ISSN   2732-026X.
  96. "Longest span pedestrian suspension bridge". Guinness World Records . Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  97. Röder, Václav (September 2022). "Sky Bridge 721, Czech Republic" (PDF). e-mosty. No. 3. pp. 7–18. ISSN   2336-8179.
  98. "Der Skywalk Willingen in Zahlen" [The Skywalk Willingen in numbers]. skywalk-willingen.de (in German). Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  99. Sakowski, Eric. "Yundingfeidu Glass Footbridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  100. "Tibetan Bridge of Canillo". ponttibetacanillo.com. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  101. Sakowski, Eric. "Haizhaigou UFO Glass Footbridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  102. "The longest Tibetan bridge in the world". visitcastelsaraceno.info. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  103. Sakowski, Eric. "Gandaki Golden Footbridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  104. "The longest Tibetan bridge in the world". visitcastelsaraceno.info. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  105. "About the bridge". 516arouca.pt. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  106. Sakowski, Eric. "Wanjiazhai Dam Footbridge" (Wiki). HighestBridges.com. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  107. "The Charles Kuonen suspension bridge on the Europaweg". randa.ch. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  108. Juan, Shan; Jun, Yang (29 September 2025). "Wonder bridge". China Daily . Retrieved 5 October 2025.
  109. "Widest bridge". Guinness World Records . Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  110. "Most expensive bridge". Guinness World Records . Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  111. "Longest self-anchored suspension span bridge". Guinness World Records . Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  112. "World's longest double-deck suspension bridge opens to traffic". Xinhuanet . Archived from the original on 8 October 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
  113. "George Washington Bridge 80th Anniversary". Port Authority of New York and New Jersey . Archived from the original on 28 December 2012. Retrieved 3 January 2026.
Note: Some of the information posted on the following sites may differ from that above. As of 21 February 2006, the sites were out of date or inaccurate as noted in parentheses

Further reading