Lynton and Lynmouth

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Lynton and Lynmouth
Lynton Town Hall - geograph.org.uk - 797343.jpg
Lynton Town Hall
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Lynton and Lynmouth
Location within Devon
Area30.5 km2 (11.8 sq mi)
Population1,405 (2021 census)
  Density 46/km2 (120/sq mi)
Civil parish
  • Lynton and Lynmouth
District
Shire county
Region
Country England
Sovereign state United Kingdom
List of places
UK
England
Devon
Coordinates: 51°13′44″N3°49′59″W / 51.229°N 3.833°W / 51.229; -3.833
W. I. Lincoln Adams photographed the landscape around the two villages in the summer of 1909. He compared the drive through the Valley of Rocks and along the cliff road with the Axenstrasse over Lake Lucerne, considering the Devon drive "the more wonderful, both as an engineering feat in road-building, and in the grandeur and sublimity of the scenery". Little Switzerland in Devon.png
W. I. Lincoln Adams photographed the landscape around the two villages in the summer of 1909. He compared the drive through the Valley of Rocks and along the cliff road with the Axenstrasse over Lake Lucerne, considering the Devon drive "the more wonderful, both as an engineering feat in road-building, and in the grandeur and sublimity of the scenery".

Lynton and Lynmouth, also known as Little Switzerland, is the scenic landscape in and around the villages of Lynton and Lynmouth in Devon, which resembles the landscapes of Switzerland. It includes the surrounding coast and countryside: Valley of Rocks, Watersmeet and Heddon Valley. The resemblance was popularised by the Romantic Movement poets Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley and Southey: [2] [3] [4] In 2021 it had a population of 1405.

From the Summerhouse Hill between the two is a prospect most magnificent - on either hand, combes and river; before, the beautiful little village, which, I am assured by one who is familiar with Switzerland, resembles a Swiss village". [5]

Southey had traveled to Lynton in 1799, journeying along the Exmoor coast via Porlock, and staying at one of Lynton's Inns. The poet's praise of Lynton and Lynmouth was used in publicity as the "English Switzerland" for the developing tourism industry, while his likening of the area to Switzerland sparked off a fashion for building in a Swiss style. [6] [7]

Lynton and Lynmouth were discovered in the early 1800s when the Napoleonic Wars closed the Continent to travelers; unable to make their Grand Tour of Europe due to the conflict, visitors to Lynton and Lynmouth found the area evocative of their earlier sojourns in the Alps en route to Italy. [8] [9] [10]

The twin villages of Lynton and Lynmouth are situated on the heritage coast of Exmoor National Park in North Devon. Lynton stands above the harbour village of Lynmouth nestling beneath the cliffs to which it is connected by the water-powered funicular railway, Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway.

In 1952 it was the scene of the devastating Lynmouth flood when overnight over 100 buildings and 28 bridges were destroyed, 35 people died with a further 420 made homeless.

The Lynton and Lynmouth area is now often referred to as the 'Walking Capital of Exmoor': [11] [ failed verification ] "No wonder then, that the area is known as 'the walking capital of Exmoor!'" [12] [ unreliable source? ] The South West Coast Path and Tarka Trail pass through, while the Two Moors Way, Samaritans Way South West and the Coleridge Way all finish there. The twin villages are also the centre for the 21 Mile Drive figure of eight scenic route around Little Switzerland.

The civil parish was formerly called "Lynton" [13] but was renamed to "Lynton and Lynmouth" on 12 January 1976. [14]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">South West Coast Path</span> Long-distance footpath in England

The South West Coast Path is England's longest waymarked long-distance footpath and a National Trail. It stretches for 630 miles (1,014 km), running from Minehead in Somerset, along the coasts of Devon and Cornwall, to Poole Harbour in Dorset. Because it rises and falls with every river mouth, it is also one of the more challenging trails. The total height climbed has been calculated to be 114,931 ft (35,031 m), almost four times the height of Mount Everest. It has been voted 'Britain's Best Walking route' twice in a row by readers of The Ramblers' Walk magazine, and regularly features in lists of the world's best walks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Exmoor</span> Area of hilly open moorland in west Somerset and north Devon in South West England

Exmoor is loosely defined as an area of hilly open moorland in west Somerset and north Devon in South West England. It is named after the River Exe, the source of which is situated in the centre of the area, two miles north-west of Simonsbath. Exmoor is more precisely defined as the area of the former ancient royal hunting forest, also called Exmoor, which was officially surveyed 1815–1818 as 18,810 acres (7,610 ha) in extent. The moor has given its name to a National Park, which includes the Brendon Hills, the East Lyn Valley, the Vale of Porlock and 55 km (34 mi) of the Bristol Channel coast. The total area of the Exmoor National Park is 692.8 km2 (267.5 sq mi), of which 71% is in Somerset and 29% in Devon.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lynton</span> Town in Devon, England

Lynton is a town on the Exmoor coast in the North Devon district in the county of Devon, England, approximately 17 miles (27 km) north-east of Barnstaple and 18 miles (29 km) west of Minehead, and close to the confluence of the West Lyn and East Lyn rivers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A39 road</span> Road in south west England

The A39 is an A road in south west England. It runs south-west from Bath in Somerset through Wells, Glastonbury, Street and Bridgwater. It then follows the north coast of Somerset, Devon and Cornwall through Williton, Minehead, Porlock, Lynmouth, Barnstaple, Bideford, Stratton, Camelford, Wadebridge and St Columb Major. It then joins the route of the A30 road for around 5 miles (8.0 km), re-emerging near Zelah to head for the south Cornish coast via Truro and Falmouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lynmouth</span> Village in Devon, England

Lynmouth is a village in Devon, England, on the northern edge of Exmoor. The village straddles the confluence of the West Lyn and East Lyn rivers, in a gorge 700 feet (210 m) below Lynton, which was the only place to expand to once Lynmouth became as built-up as possible. The villages are connected by the Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway, which works two cable-connected cars by gravity, using water tanks.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Porlock</span> Human settlement in England

Porlock is a coastal village in Somerset, England, 5 miles (8 km) west of Minehead. At the 2011 census, the village had a population of 1,440.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Two Moors Way</span> Long-distance trail in Devon, England

The Two Moors Way is a long-distance trail mostly in Devon, UK, first established in 1976. It links Dartmoor and Exmoor and has been extended to become a Devon Coast-to-Coast trail.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lynton and Barnstaple Railway</span> Narrow gauge railway in Devon, England

The Lynton and Barnstaple Railway (L&B) opened as an independent railway in May 1898. It was a single track, 1 ft 11+12 in narrow gauge railway and was slightly over 19 miles (31 km) long running through the rugged and picturesque area bordering Exmoor in North Devon, England. Although opened after the Light Railways Act 1896 came into force, it was authorised and constructed prior to that act. Therefore, as with all other railways, it was authorised under its own Act of Parliament and built to higher standards than similar railways of the time. In the United Kingdom it was notable as being the only narrow gauge line required to use main-line standard signalling. For a short period the line earned a modest return for shareholders, but for most of its life the L&B made a loss. In 1923, the L&B was taken over by the Southern Railway, and eventually closed in September 1935.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Woody Bay, Devon</span>

Woody Bay is a bay on the North Devon coast of England, 3 miles (4.8 km) west of Lynton and 8 miles (13 km) east of Combe Martin with a stony beach. It lies in the civil parish of Martinhoe at the edge of the Exmoor National Park and is a waypoint on the South West Coast Path. There were once plans to develop the area to become a holiday resort.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Porlock Hill</span>

Porlock Hill is a road west of Porlock, Somerset. It is part of the A39, connecting Porlock to Lynmouth and Barnstaple in Devon and is the steepest A-road in the United Kingdom, approaching 1 in 4 (13.7%) in places. A parallel toll road is available which travels the same route at an easier gradient.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bratton Fleming railway station</span> Former railway station in Devon, England

Bratton Fleming railway station is a former station on the Lynton and Barnstaple Railway in England, a narrow gauge line that ran through Exmoor from Barnstaple to Lynton and Lynmouth in North Devon. The station served the village of Bratton Fleming. It opened with the line on 11 May 1898, and closed with it after service on 29 September 1935. From 1923 until closure, the line was operated by the Southern Railway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lynton and Lynmouth railway station</span> Former railway station in Devon, England

Lynton and Lynmouth railway station was the terminus of the Lynton and Barnstaple Railway, a narrow gauge line that ran through Exmoor from Barnstaple to Lynton and Lynmouth in North Devon, England. The station served the twin towns of Lynton and Lynmouth.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway</span> Water powered funicular in England

The Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway is a water-powered funicular railway joining the twin towns of Lynton and Lynmouth on the rugged coast of North Devon in southwest England.

Little Switzerland may refer to:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Coleridge Way</span> Long-distance footpath in Somerset and Devon, England

The Coleridge Way is a 51-mile (82 km) long-distance trail in Somerset and Devon, England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Valley of Rocks</span>

The Valley of Rocks, sometimes called Valley of the Rocks, is a dry valley that runs parallel to the coast in north Devon, England, about 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) to the west of the village of Lynton. It is a popular tourist destination, noted for its herd of feral goats, and for its landscape and geology.

Lynmouth Bay railway station is a station in Lynmouth, Devon, England, served by the Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway, a water-powered funicular railway. The station has two platforms, a ticket booth, not an office, a bench and plenty of room. It opened in 1890.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Samaritans Way South West</span> Long-distance footpath in South West England

Samaritans Way South West is a 103 miles (166 km) Long-distance footpath in South West England. It was officially opened on 21 April 2004 by the Ramblers Vice Chairman, the Samaritans (charity) Chief Executive and a farmer from Gloucestershire who headed the Farmers Helpline. In the same year it appeared on the Ordnance Survey maps supported and encouraged by Local Authorities, National Parks and Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty by giving their consent; however Somerset County Council later asked the Ordnance Survey to remove the route from their maps. A way marked walk linking the Cotswolds, the Mendips, the Polden Hills, the Quantocks, the Brendons, Exmoor National Park and the North Devon Coast.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Martinhoe</span> Village in Devon, England

Martinhoe is a small settlement and civil parish in North Devon district of Devon, England. Martinhoe is within the Exmoor National Park, the smallest National Park in England. In the 2011 census Martinhoe Parish was recorded as having a population of 159. Martinhoe is in the Combe Martin ward, for elections to the district council. Martinhoe's local government takes the form of a parish meeting and as such has no parish council nor elected parish councillors.

The geology of Exmoor National Park in south-west England contributes significantly to the character of Exmoor, a landscape which was designated as a national park in 1954. The bedrock of the area consists almost wholly of a suite of sedimentary rocks deposited during the Devonian, a period named for the English county of Devon in which the western half of the park sits. The eastern part lies within Somerset and it is within this part of the park that limited outcrops of Triassic and Jurassic age rocks are to be found.

References

  1. Adams, Washington Irving Lincoln (1910), "In the Land of the Doones", Photographing in Old England, New York: Baker & Taylor, pp. 37–38
  2. Hunt, Tristam (7 April 2010). "A Real Cliffhanger". In Bryson, Bill (ed.). Icons of England. Transworld. pp. 154–. ISBN   978-1-4090-9566-8.
  3. "Literary Links". Exmoor National Park.
  4. "Lynton". Devon Guide (website advertisting holidays).
  5. Southey, C. C. "Robert Southey to John May, August 1799"". The Life and Correspondence of Robert Southey. p. 22. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  6. "Robert Southey". Exmoor National Park. Exmoor National Park. 27 April 2015. Retrieved 7 October 2020.
  7. "Lynton and Lynmouth". Devon Online: The Original Online Guide to Holidays in Devon (website advertising holidays). Archived from the original on 12 November 2015.
  8. Travis, J. F. (1995). An Illustrated History of Lynton and Lynmouth, 1770-1914. Breedon Books. p. 14. ISBN   1-85983-023-4.
  9. Butler, Richard; Suntiku, Wantanee (2013). Tourism and War. ISBN   9781136263095. ... at the end of the nineteenth century, Grand Tour travel for the British was effectively halted by the Napoleonic Wars, as traversing Europe to get to Italy proved dangerous if not impossible ...
  10. Andrews, Robert (2013). "The Birth Of Tourism". The Rough Guide to Devon & Cornwall. ISBN   9781409364863.
  11. "Welcome to Lynton & Lynmouth". Lynton & Lynmouth Walkers.
  12. North Devon & Exmoor Walking Festival 2015: the UK's most scenic walking festival (promotional leaflet). 2015. p. 10.
  13. "Lynton AP/CP". A Vision of Britain through Time . Retrieved 25 October 2020.
  14. "Devon". Local Government Boundary Commission for England . Retrieved 25 October 2020.

Further reading