Mariana, Quezon City

Mariana New Manila
Barangay
Hemady Street
Seal
Mariana
Coordinates: 14°37′10″N121°02′05″E / 14.61944°N 121.03472°E / 14.61944; 121.03472
Country	Philippines
Region	National Capital Region
City	Quezon City
District	4th District
Established	August 21, 1961 [1]
Government
• Type	Barangay
•  Barangay captain	Regine C. San Miguel [2]
Area [1]
• Total	1.66 km2 (0.64 sq mi)
Population  (2020) [3]
• Total	11,967
• Density	7,209/km2 (18,670/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+8 (PST)
Postal Code	1112 [4]
Area code	2
PSGC	137404060
Website	Facebook

Mariana, is an administrative division in eastern Metro Manila, the Philippines. It is an urban barangay in Quezon City in a middle class residential and commercial area known as New Manila, which includes Barangay Mariana and the adjacent barangays of Damayang Lagi, ^[5] Horseshoe and Valencia.

Originally a hinterland along the San Juan River at the outskirts of Manila, the area was purchased from friar lands and other estates by Doña Hemady and Kemal H. Hemady in the 1920s, developing it into the first gated community outside of Manila.

Following World War II, the area experienced significant changes with the development of schools, churches, and the commercialization of adjacent areas. New Manila eventually ceased to become a gated community, with only some roads remaining gated at certain hours of the day, spurring the decline of low-density suburbia in favor of mixed-use and higher-density developments.

History

Prior to the 1920s, the area that would become known as New Manila was once a hilly, underdeveloped hinterland along the shoreline of the San Juan River, at the outskirts of Manila. Eventually, as Manila became crowded, noisy, and polluted, new developments in the nearby San Juan became popular among middle-class families for a much more quiet and peaceful place to live. ^[6] Thus, the reason it was named New Manila as the place's original settlers moved from Manila.

Manila Heights subdivision

In the 1920s, Lebanese immigrant Doña Magdalena Hemady purchased 1,000 ha (10 km²) of land from Catholic friar lands bought by the Taft Commission as a result of Act No. 1120, also known as the Friar Lands Act of 1904. These lands acquired by Doña Hemady became known as the Magdalena Estate, ^[6] with among these friar lands was land owned by the Ortigas family, which in turn was previously owned by the Augustinian Order as the Hacienda de Mandaloyon. ^{[7] [8] [9]}

Around 1922 to 1923, Doña Hemady and her second husband Kemal H. Hemady developed the land into the Manila Heights Subdivision as a residential enclave for the elite, ^[10] becoming the first real estate developer in the country, and establishing what would be the first gated community outside of Manila. ^[7] The lots along the subdivision's main roads, namely Victoria Avenue, Broadway Avenue, Gilmore Avenue, and Pacific Avenue (now Doña Hemady Avenue) were cut at no less than 2,000 m² (0.20 ha) per corner. On the other hand, lots along the side streets, numbered 1st to 13th after the numbered streets in New York City, measured at approximately 1,000 m² (0.10 ha) each. ^[6]

In 1937, the New Manila area gained recognition as the "Hollywood of the Philippines", being home to Sampaguita Pictures (along Granada Street, now located in Barangay Valencia), as well as its rival, LVN Pictures, ^[10] just along Benitez Street, being one of the first companies that produced original Filipino films. ^[6]

Post-war developments

The Mount Carmel Shrine minor basilica in Barangay Mariana

Throughout the 1940s, being far from Manila, the area was able to survive with minimal ruin during World War II. ^[6] This has led to increased development throughout the 1950s and 1960s around the area, as schools, churches, hospitals, and other institutions were set up in New Manila. ^[6]

In 1946, the St. Paul University System set up a Quezon City branch in New Manila, which would be known as St. Paul College Quezon City (now St. Paul University Quezon City). ^[11] This was followed by the evangelist Jubilee Christian Elementary School (now Jubilee Christian Academy) moving into a new elementary campus across St. Paul in 1980 and a high school and preschool campus just outside New Manila along E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue in 2002 and 2003. ^[12]

In 1954, the Carmelites purchased a 17,155 m² (1.7 ha) property along Broadway Avenue to construct the Chapel of Our Lady of Mount Carmel (now known as Mount Carmel Shrine). It was inaugurated on July 16, 1964, on the feast day of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, and was declared a parish in 1975. ^[13]

In 1961, the Dispensary of St. Luke the Beloved Physician (now St. Lukes Medical Center) moved from its original 52-bed hospital in Tondo, Manila to a new property along E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue, within reach of New Manila. ^[14] That same year, the New Manila area was included in the barrio of Mariana in through Quezon City Ordinance No. 4816, which was later converted into a barangay in the 1970s. It was named after Mariana Wilson, one of the original residents of the New Manila area who was known among its residents for spearheading many of social activities within the community. ^[7]

Present day

A gated area within Barangay Mariana, located along 9th Street.

The continuing migration of middle-class families towards new suburban developments outside of Manila resulted in available housing in the New Manila area to reach its peak in 1961. ^[15] At some point as well, the New Manila area ceased to exist as a gated community and was completely opened to outside traffic, with only some roads remaining gated at certain hours of the day. ^{[16] : 51–52} As a result, throughout the 1980s, many of the original, large suburban houses were replaced by higher density developments such as townhouses, condominiums, and mixed-use complexes. ^[15]

In 2012, the Quezon City government allocated a budget of ₱9.94 million to move the Quezon Heritage House, a 3,678 square metres (0.3678 ha) two-storey house owned by former Philippine president and city namesake Manuel L. Quezon from its original location along Gilmore Avenue to a dedicated area within the Quezon Memorial Shrine. ^[17] The reconstructed house was opened to the public on October 21, 2013 by Quezon City mayor Herbert Bautista and vice mayor Joy Belmonte. ^[18]

Geography

Mariana and Damayang Lagi are among 19 barangays in Quezon City that are considered to be prone to liquefaction. ^{[16] : 24} Both barangays are located on an adobe clay loam soil referred to as the Novaliches Clay Loam, which is the predominant type of soil in Quezon City. ^{[19] : 9} The slope of the area also ranges from a slope gradient of 5 to 15 percent. ^{[16] : 8}

Both Mariana and Damayang Lagi are classified to be at medium-low risk in the event of a 7.2 magnitude earthquake due to its proximity to the Marikina Valley Fault System. ^{[16] : 23} In terms of flood hazards and vulnerability, Damayang Lagi is classified to be at high risk, among the highest of all barangays in the city, while Mariana, on the other hand, is classified to be at low risk. ^{[16] : 21}

Boundaries

The political borders of Mariana are defined on land by the España Boulevard Extension (now E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue), Ilang-ilang Street, Rosario Drive, Victoria Avenue, and Aurora Boulevard, while its water boundaries are defined by the Salapan Creek (also known as the Ermitaño Creek). ^[7]

It is bordered by Barangay Damayang Lagi to the west, Barangays Kalusugan, and Kristong Hari to the north, Barangay Immaculate Concepcion to the east, Barangays Kaunlaran and Valencia to the south, and San Juan's Barangay Ermitaño to the southwest.

Education

St. Paul University Quezon City

• DML Montessori School - Quezon City
• Foundation for Carmelite Scholastics
• Jubilee Christian Academy - Hemady Campus
• St. Paul University Quezon City

Health

• Mariana Barangay Hall Clinic

Landmarks

Wisdom Park, a Buddhist park and religious resource center located along Broadway Avenue.

• Basilica of the National Shrine of Our Lady of Mount Carmel
• Jubilee Evangelical Church
• Mariana Park
• Quezon City Reception House
• St. Joseph Convent of Perpetual Adoration (Pink Sister's Convent)
• Wisdom Park

Transport

Roads and streets

Rows of mango trees planted along Gilmore Avenue, the area's main southbound thoroughfare.

Mariana has a grid road layout, with its latitudinal roads named numerically from 1st to 13th, and its longitudinal roads serving as main thoroughfares. Victoria Avenue (named after Doña Hemady's daughter-in-law, Victoria Cortes Ysmael), Broadway Avenue, Gilmore Avenue, Doña Hemady Avenue (formerly named Pacific Avenue), and Balete Drive serve as north–south thoroughfares within the area, while Eulogio Rodriguez Sr. Avenue and Aurora Boulevard serves as outlying east–west thoroughfares. ^[6]

All roads in the barangay are two-lane roads. Victoria Avenue, Broadway Avenue, and Balete Drive run in a two-way direction while Gilmore Avenue runs in a one-way direction going south, and Doña Hemady Avenue runs in a one-way direction going north.

Bus routes

Bus Route 3 (Antipolo - Quiapo via Aurora Boulevard) serves the southern perimeter of the barangay along Aurora Boulevard, with stops at Betty Go-Belmonte Street, Robinsons Magnolia, Gilmore Avenue, and Madison Street. Jeepneys run along E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue with routes going to and from Manila, Araneta City, and the Project 2 & 3 area.

The area is also served by two routes of the Quezon City Bus Service. Route 3 passes through E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue with stops at the St. Lukes Medical Center and Gilmore Avenue, while Route 6 passes through Gilmore Avenue with stops at E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue, 1st Street, and Robinsons Magnolia along Doña Hemady Avenue. ^[20]

Jeepney routes

Jeepneys pass through Aurora Boulevard to and from the Cubao district and Stop & Shop (a name for the area of Old Santa Mesa Road in Santa Mesa, Manila). ^[21]

• Parang Stop & Shop - Cubao (T285) ^[22]

Tricycle terminals

Tricycles ply the New Manila area directly through New Manila Tricycle Operators and Drivers' Association (TODA) terminals located at Madison Street, 3rd Street corner Gilmore Avenue, and Victoria Avenue corner E. Rodriguez Sr. Avenue.

Railways

Mariana is served by Gilmore Station and Betty Go-Belmonte Station of the LRT Line 2.

Government

The exterior of the barangay hall.

The seat of government of Mariana is located at 4th Street corner New Jersey Street, a compound which also includes the barangay's multi-purpose facilities and materials recovery facility. ^{[1] [23]}

Demographics

Barangay Mariana is the 56th most-populated barangay in Quezon City, with a population of 11,967 people according to the 2020 census, ^[3] up from a population of 11,227 people in the 2015 census. ^[24]

The insignia of the barangay seal is a green mango, owing to the prominence of mango trees planted along Gilmore Avenue and Broadway Avenue that were originally planted by Doña Hemady and her laborers. ^{[7] [6]}

References

1. "QC : Barangay Profiles". Quezon City Public Library. Archived from the original on 2013-03-14. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
2. "Quezon City Barangay Officials". Quezon City Government. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
3. "2020 Census of Population and Housing (2020 CPH) Population Counts Declared Official by the President". Philippine Statistics Authority . July 7, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2021.
4. "Quezon City Postal Code Metro Manila". 2019-09-12. Retrieved 2021-11-06.
5. Comprehensive Land Use Plan 2011-2025 (PDF). Quezon City Government. 2011. pp. Annex 5.1 pages 6–7.
6. "Generations of Prestige: Unraveling the Heritage of New Manila". One Balete. 2016-07-19. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
7. History of QC Barangays: Journey to Early Beginnings of Quezon City Barangays. Vol. 1. Quezon City: Quezon City Public Library. 2019.
8. "The Developer". Ortigas Properties. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
9. Flores, Wilson (2005-12-19). "The Ortigas clan stages a business comeback". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 2021-09-21.
10. Ysmael, Rosary (December 19, 2020). "Doña Hemady—my great grand 'lola', not the street" . Retrieved October 18, 2022.
11. "Why SPUQC is a Recognized LEADER in Education". St. Paul University Quezon City. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
12. "History". Jubilee Christian Academy. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
13. Francisco, Butch (2015-12-13). "QC's Mt. Carmel church now a national shrine". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
14. "ST. LUKE'S THROUGH THE YEARS: A TRADITION OF EXCELLENCE". www.stlukes.com.ph. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
15. Alcazaren, Paulo. "The suburbs of Quezon City". Philstar.com. Retrieved 2021-11-28.
16. 2011-2025 Quezon City Comprehensive Land Use Plan (PDF). Quezon City: Quezon City Government. 2011.
17. Andrade, Jeannette (November 16, 2012). "Quezon City gov't to destroy, rebuild Quezon house". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved August 22, 2022.
18. Mateo, Janvic (October 23, 2013). "QC officials inaugurate Quezon heritage house". The Philippine Star . Retrieved August 22, 2022.
19. Quezon City 2018 Ecological Profile (PDF). Quezon City: Quezon City Government. 2018.
20. "Quezon City QCity Bus Service". Quezon City Government. May 31, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2022.
21. "The story behind Sta. Mesa, Manila's 'Stop & Shop'". InqPOP!. 2021-02-08. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
22. "Parang - Cubao — Sakay Route Explorer". explore.sakay.ph. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
23. "Materials Recovery Facility MRF" . Retrieved 2021-11-06.
24. "Population of the National Capital Region (Based on the 2015 Census of Population)". Philippine Statistics Authority . May 31, 2016. Retrieved November 6, 2021.