Martin County, Minnesota

Martin County
County
Martin County Courthouse in Fairmont
Location within the U.S. state of Minnesota
Minnesota's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 43°41′N94°34′W / 43.68°N 94.56°W / 43.68; -94.56
Country	United States
State	Minnesota
Founded	May 23, 1857
Named for	Henry Martin
Seat	Fairmont
Largest city	Fairmont
Area
• Total	730 sq mi (1,900 km2)
• Land	712 sq mi (1,840 km2)
• Water	17 sq mi (40 km2)  2.4%
Population  (2020)
• Total	20,025
• Estimate  (2023)	19,657
• Density	28.1/sq mi (10.8/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district	1st
Website	www.co.martin.mn.us

Martin County is a county in Minnesota, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,025. ^[1] Its county seat is Fairmont. ^[2]

History

The county was created by the Minnesota Territory legislature on May 23, 1857, with Fair Mount (which was also platted in 1857) designated as county seat. The town's name was later shortened to Fairmont. Two explanations have been advanced for the county's name. A delegate to the US Congress from the Wisconsin Territory, Morgan Lewis Martin, introduced the legislative act to organize the Minnesota Territory. But in 1904 the county's oldest residents attested that the name referred to Henry Martin, an early settler from Connecticut who ran several businesses during the pre-territory era. ^{[3] [4]}

Geography

Martin County lies on Minnesota's border with Iowa. The East Fork of the Des Moines River flows southeastward through the lower western part of the county. The county terrain consists of low rolling hills, dotted with lakes and ponds, completely devoted to agriculture where possible. ^[5] The terrain slopes to the east and north, with its highest point near its southwest corner, at 1,407 ft (429 m) ASL. ^[6] The county has an area of 730 square miles (1,900 km²), of which 712 square miles (1,840 km²) is land and 17 square miles (44 km²) (2.4%) is water. ^[7]

Soils of Martin County

Major highways

• Interstate 90
• Minnesota State Highway 4
• Minnesota State Highway 15
• Minnesota State Highway 263

Airports

• Fairmont Municipal Airport (FRM)

Adjacent counties

• Watonwan County - north
• Blue Earth County - northeast
• Faribault County - east
• Kossuth County, Iowa - southeast
• Emmet County, Iowa - southwest
• Jackson County - west

Protected areas ^[5]

• Ceylon State Wildlife Management Area
• Fox Lake Refuge
• Luedtke State Wildlife Management Area
• Perch Creek State Wildlife Management Area
• State Wildlife Management Area
• Truman Wildlife Area

Lakes ^[5]

• Amber Lake
• Big Twin Lake
• Bright Lake
• Budd Lake
• Buffalo Lake (Cedar Township)
• Buffalo Lake (Rutland Township)
• Canright Lake
• Cedar Lake
• Clam Lake
• Clayton Lake
• Clear Lake
• Creek Lake
• Eagle Lake
• East Chain Lake
• Fish Lake (Cedar Township)
• Fish Lake (Lake Belt Township)
• Fox Lake
• Hall Lake
• High Lake
• Iowa Lake (part)
• Kiester Lake
• Lake Charlotte
• Lake George
• Lake Imogene
• Lake Seymour
• Little Hat Lake
• Little Twin Lake
• Martin Lake
• Mud Lake
• Murphy Lake
• North Lake
• North Silver Lake
• Okamanpeedan Lake (part)
• Perch Lake
• Pierce Lake
• Rose Lake
• Round Lake (Fox Lake Township)
• Round Lake (Waverly Township)
• Sager Lakes
• Sisseton Lake
• South Silver Lake
• Susan Lake
• Temperance Lake
• Tuttle Lake
• Watkins Lake
• Wilmert Lake

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1860	151		—
1870	3,867		2,460.9%
1880	5,249		35.7%
1890	9,408		79.2%
1900	16,936		80.0%
1910	17,518		3.4%
1920	21,085		20.4%
1930	22,401		6.2%
1940	24,656		10.1%
1950	25,655		4.1%
1960	26,986		5.2%
1970	24,316		−9.9%
1980	24,687		1.5%
1990	22,914		−7.2%
2000	21,802		−4.9%
2010	20,840		−4.4%
2020	20,025		−3.9%
2023 (est.)	19,657	[9]	−1.8%
U.S. Decennial Census [10] 1790-1960 [11] 1900-1990 [12] 1990-2000 [13] 2010-2020 [1]

2020 Census

Martin County Racial Composition ^[14]

Race	Num.	Perc.
White (NH)	17,947	89.62%
Black or African American (NH)	112	0.6%
Native American (NH)	32	0.16%
Asian (NH)	92	0.46%
Pacific Islander (NH)	6	0.03%
Other/Mixed (NH)	516	2.6%
Hispanic or Latino	1,320	6.6%

2000 census

2022 US Census population pyramid for Martin County, from ACS 5-year estimates

As of the census of 2000, there were 21,802 people, 9,067 households, and 6,047 families in the county. The population density was 30.6 per square mile (11.8/km²). There were 9,800 housing units at an average density of 13.8 per square mile (5.3/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.22% White, 0.25% Black or African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.42% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.26% from other races, and 0.73% from two or more races. 1.93% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 51.6% were of German, 11.9% Norwegian, 5.9% Swedish and 5.0% English ancestry.

There were 9,067 households, out of which 29.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.60% were married couples living together, 7.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.30% were non-families. 30.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.92.

The county population contained 24.80% under the age of 18, 6.40% from 18 to 24, 24.90% from 25 to 44, 24.00% from 45 to 64, and 19.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 95.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.50 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $34,810, and the median income for a family was $44,541. Males had a median income of $30,467 versus $21,780 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,529. About 7.10% of families and 10.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.10% of those under age 18 and 9.00% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Cities

• Ceylon
• Dunnell
• Fairmont (county seat)
• Granada
• Northrop
• Ormsby (part)
• Sherburn
• Trimont
• Truman
• Welcome

Unincorporated communities

• East Chain
• Fox Lake
• Imogene
• Nashville Center
• Wilbert

Townships

• Cedar Township
• Center Creek Township
• East Chain Township
• Elm Creek Township
• Fairmont Township
• Fox Lake Township
• Fraser Township
• Galena Township
• Jay Township
• Lake Belt Township
• Lake Fremont Township
• Manyaska Township
• Nashville Township
• Pleasant Prairie Township
• Rolling Green Township
• Rutland Township
• Silver Lake Township
• Tenhassen Township
• Waverly Township
• Westford Township

Government and politics

Martin County has been reliably Republican for almost its entire existence. It has voted Republican in 36 of the 42 elections since the formation of the county and has only voted Democratic once since 1948.

United States presidential election results for Martin County, Minnesota ^[15]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2024	7,442	68.93%	3,171	29.37%	183	1.70%
2020	7,480	67.94%	3,305	30.02%	224	2.03%
2016	7,062	67.06%	2,733	25.95%	736	6.99%
2012	6,657	60.69%	4,054	36.96%	257	2.34%
2008	6,053	56.29%	4,413	41.04%	288	2.68%
2004	6,311	57.13%	4,590	41.55%	146	1.32%
2000	5,686	54.83%	4,166	40.17%	519	5.00%
1996	4,303	40.91%	4,718	44.86%	1,496	14.22%
1992	4,438	38.23%	4,019	34.62%	3,152	27.15%
1988	5,724	53.34%	4,922	45.87%	85	0.79%
1984	7,308	60.67%	4,673	38.80%	64	0.53%
1980	7,057	57.40%	4,301	34.98%	936	7.61%
1976	6,484	51.92%	5,672	45.42%	332	2.66%
1972	7,569	64.59%	3,816	32.57%	333	2.84%
1968	7,115	59.43%	4,271	35.67%	587	4.90%
1964	6,529	53.84%	5,575	45.98%	22	0.18%
1960	8,479	66.81%	4,194	33.04%	19	0.15%
1956	8,152	71.16%	3,289	28.71%	15	0.13%
1952	9,411	77.63%	2,673	22.05%	39	0.32%
1948	4,662	43.31%	6,015	55.88%	87	0.81%
1944	5,182	53.68%	4,443	46.02%	29	0.30%
1940	6,409	59.79%	4,290	40.02%	21	0.20%
1936	3,090	31.45%	6,492	66.08%	243	2.47%
1932	3,004	38.26%	4,731	60.26%	116	1.48%
1928	5,110	64.10%	2,822	35.40%	40	0.50%
1924	4,238	56.24%	751	9.97%	2,546	33.79%
1920	5,142	78.46%	1,221	18.63%	191	2.91%
1916	1,741	47.16%	1,756	47.56%	195	5.28%
1912	578	17.46%	1,141	34.47%	1,591	48.07%
1908	1,922	59.05%	1,054	32.38%	279	8.57%
1904	2,167	70.66%	656	21.39%	244	7.96%
1900	1,819	54.69%	1,233	37.07%	274	8.24%
1896	1,739	54.31%	1,327	41.44%	136	4.25%
1892	1,189	57.22%	661	31.81%	228	10.97%
1888	1,161	64.68%	471	26.24%	163	9.08%
1884	736	62.43%	260	22.05%	183	15.52%
1880	863	81.96%	190	18.04%	0	0.00%
1876	634	79.85%	160	20.15%	0	0.00%
1872	685	81.45%	156	18.55%	0	0.00%
1868	520	83.74%	101	16.26%	0	0.00%
1864	190	91.79%	17	8.21%	0	0.00%
1860	40	86.96%	6	13.04%	0	0.00%

County Board of Commissioners ^[16]

Position		Name	District	Next Election
	Commissioner	Elliot Belgard	District 1	2024
	Commissioner	Jaime Bleess	District 2	2026
	Commissioner and Vice Chair	Kathy Smith	District 3	2024
	Commissioner and Chairperson	Richard Coons	District 4	2026
	Commissioner	Steven Flohrs	District 5	2024

State Legislature (2018-2020)

Position		Name	Affiliation	District
	Senate	Julie Rosen [17]	Republican	District 23
	House of Representatives	Bob Gunther [18]	Republican	District 23A

U.S Congress (2018-2020)

Position		Name	Affiliation	District
	House of Representatives	Brad Finstad [19]	Republican	1st
	Senate	Amy Klobuchar [20]	Democrat	N/A
	Senate	Tina Smith [21]	Democrat	N/A

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Martin County, Minnesota

References

1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 23, 2023.
2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
3. Upham, Warren. Minnesota Geographic Names (1920), pp. 332-3 (accessed April 18, 2019)
4. Chicago and North Western Railway Company (1908). A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways. p. 162.
5. Martin County MN Google Maps (accessed April 18, 2019)
6. ""Find an Altitude/Martin County MN" Google Maps (accessed April 18, 2019)". Archived from the original on May 21, 2019. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
7. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
8. Nelson, Steven (2011). Savanna Soils of Minnesota. Minnesota: Self. pp. 65-67. ISBN   978-0-615-50320-2.
9. "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023" . Retrieved March 18, 2024.
10. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
11. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
12. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
13. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
14. "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Martin County, Minnesota".
15. Leip, David. "Atlas of US Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved October 9, 2018.
16. "Commissioners". www.co.martin.mn.us. Retrieved April 25, 2023.
17. "MN State Senate". www.senate.mn. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
18. "Rep. Bob Gunther (23A) - Minnesota House of Representatives". www.house.leg.state.mn.us. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
19. "Republican Rep. Brad Finstad sworn in to finish Hagedorn's House term". August 12, 2022.
20. "U.S. Senator Amy Klobuchar". www.klobuchar.senate.gov. Retrieved June 24, 2020.
21. "Home". Senator Tina Smith. Retrieved June 24, 2020.

Further reading

• William H. Budd, History of Martin County: A True and Complete History of the County from its Earliest Settlement Down to 1880. Fairmont, MN: The Independent, 1897.
• Roscoe C. Hunt, "Pioneer Physicians of Martin County Prior to 1900," Minnesota Medicine, vol. 25, no. 10 (Oct. 1942) and vol. 25, no. 11 (Nov. 1942).
• Ray F. Kesler, Service Record Book of Men and Women of World War II, Martin County. Fairmont, MN: n.p., n.d. [1950s].
• Martin County Historical Society, Martin County, 1857-1932: Diamond Jubilee Celebration and Homecoming, Fairmont, Minnesota, June 26 to July 4, 1932. Fairmont, MN: Martin County Historical Society, 1932.
• Martin County Home Council, Martin County's Heritage. Fairmont, MN.: Martin County Extension Home Council, 1972–1976.
• Allen L Moore, Historical Narrative of Martin County, Before 1850. Fairmont, MN: Martin County Historical Society, 1932.
• Arthur M. Nelson, Know Your Own County: A History of Martin County, Minnesota. Fairmont, MN: Martin County Historical Society, 1947.
• Arthur M. Nelson, Martin County Men in the Great War, 1917-1919. Fairmont, MN: Sentinel Publishing Co., 1920.
• Sentinel, A Pictorial History of Martin County, MN. Marceline, MO: Heritage House, 1992.

External links

• Martin County government’s website

43°41′N94°34′W / 43.68°N 94.56°W / 43.68; -94.56