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Sport | Track & Field Long-Distance Running Race Walking |
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Jurisdiction | National |
Abbreviation | USATF |
Founded | 1979 | (as The Athletics Congress)
Affiliation | World Athletics |
Regional affiliation | NACAC |
Headquarters | Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S. |
President | Vin Lananna |
CEO | Max Siegel |
Official website | |
usatf | |
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USA Track & Field (USATF) is a United States national governing body for the sports of track and field, cross country running, road running, and racewalking (known as the sport of athletics outside the US). The USATF was known between 1979 and 1992 as The Athletics Congress (TAC) after its spin-off from the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU), which governed the sport in the US through most of the 20th century until the Amateur Sports Act of 1978 dissolved its responsibility. Based in Indianapolis, USATF is a non-profit organization with a membership of more than 130,000. The organization has three key leadership positions: CEO Max Siegel, [1] Board of Directors Chair Steve Miller, [2] and elected president Vin Lananna. [3] U.S. citizens and permanent residents can be USATF members (annual individual membership fee: $30 for 18-year-old members and younger, $55 for the rest), but permanent residents can only participate in masters events in the country, and they cannot win USATF medals, prize money, or score points for a team, per World Athletics regulations.
USA Track & Field is involved in many aspects of the sport at the local, national, and international level, providing the rules, officials, coaching education, sports science and athlete development, youth programs, masters (age 25+) competition, the National Track and Field Hall of Fame, and an annual meeting. It also organizes the annual USA Track and Field Outdoor Championships, the USA Track & Field Indoor Championships, the USA Cross Country Championships, the USATF National Club Cross Country Championships, and the USATF National Club Track & Field Championships. Through its sanctioning program, the national body provides the insurance coverage necessary for members to rent facilities, thus allowing for competitive opportunities for all athletes to happen. USA Track and Field has held National conventions since the 1870s or 1880s. NAAA Track and Field Championship and Convention locations Dec 3–6, 2020, virtually; earlier announced the 2020 USat thATF Annual Meeting to be held virtually instead of face-to-face.
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On April 22, 1879 National Association of Amateur Athletes of America (NAAA) was formed and later replaced by the AAU x NAAA Track and Field Championship and Convention locations. On January 21, 1888, in the city of New York, rower and runner William B. Curtis and James Edward Sullivan founded what officially became, the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) x AAU Convention Locations. The AAU governed the sport of track and field in the United States until 1979 when, the first Amateur Sports Act of 1978 decreed that the AAU could no longer hold international franchises for more than one sport. The enactment of the Amateur Sports Act was prompted by lobbying by athletes, particularly runners, who felt that the AAU imposed artificial rules preventing widespread participation in sports.
The Athletics Congress (TAC) emerged from the AAU in late 1979, when its first annual meeting was conducted in Las Vegas, in conjunction with the annual AAU Convention. A constitutional convention was subsequently held in Dallas–Fort Worth in 1980.
In 1992, TAC changed its name to USA Track & Field (USATF) to increase recognition for the organization and for the sport in the United States. However, USATF inherited from AAU the 57 regional associations that are responsible for promoting the sport in a particular state or locality. Many of these associations were viewed as unaccountable to their members and some were accused of operating in a racially discriminatory manner. In addition, in some areas, the AAU continues to organize track and field events, including youth running programs.
In response, the USATF restructured the Associations and adopted Regulation 15, which set minimum standards for association performance and called for biannual accreditation of each association under those standards.
In May 2008, the United States Olympic Committee notified USATF that its governance was deficient and threatened to remove its national governing body status unless major reforms were made. [5] [6] In response, at USATF's December 2008 Convention, the size of its board of directors was reduced from 31 members who had represented constituencies within the organization to 15, and none of the new directors could have an operating role in the organization. Most of the new board members represented sponsoring organizations. On February 18, 2009, the members of the new, reduced Board were announced. [7]
The United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) and the TrackTown USA Local Organizing Committee announced the release of the updated competition schedule for the postponed 2020 U.S. Olympic Team Trials – Track and Field, that took place in June 18–27, 2021, at Hayward Field in Eugene, Oregon. [8]
Since the founding of the new board and the hiring of Siegel as CEO, USATF in 2016 achieved his highest medal count at an Olympics since 1936 (32) and its most-ever medals at a world championships, by winning 30 at the 2017 IAAF World Championships. The organization has seen explosive growth of its budget and sponsor ranks, with the annual budget growing from $22M to nearly $37M. [9] In 2016, it established an "Athlete Revenue Distribution Model" that provided additional money to elite athletes. [10]
At the 2014 annual meeting, the member delegates voted 392–70 to re-nominate Robert Hersh as the USATF's nominee to the IAAF council. At the time, Hersh was the sitting senior vice-president of the IAAF council and by virtue of that position, a USATF board member. However, the reconstituted Board disregarded the vote of the member delegates and instead voted 11–1 to nominate president Stephanie Hightower as the nominee to the IAAF council. The Board's action caused such a controversy that USATF sent an email two days later to all of its members attempting to explain its action. The email wrote, "This is a different era and a different time. We think Stephanie Hightower provides us with the best chance to move forward as part of that change." [11] Hightower later that summer, at the IAAF Congress, was elected to IAAF Council with the most votes of all candidates and led to all USATF candidates for IAAF positions being elected. [12] In 2018, after serving on the IAAF Council for four years, Hightower came up for reelection. She was defeated by a vote of the delegates in favor of Willie Banks. [13]
In 2016, Vin Lananna was elected president of USATF. [14] On February 18, 2018, Lananna was place on "temporary administrative leave" pending a federal investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and Internal Revenue Service into possible criminal conflict of interest in regards to the awarding of the 2021 World Championships in Athletics to Eugene, Oregon. [15] Lananna was also the long time president of TrackTown USA, the hosting organization for the World Championships and had hosted the 2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships. Lananna is also an Associate Athletic Director at the University of Oregon, the host stadium of the event. Lamine Diack was the IAAF president in April 2015 at the time of the award and is under house arrest in France on charges of corruption. [16] The 2021 Championships were awarded in an unconventional fashion, without the usual formal bidding process. [17] The selection of the host city was announced on April 16, 2015 in Beijing. [18] [19] Eugene previously did put in a bid for the 2019 World Championships, losing to Qatar. [17] The choice of Eugene will make the 2021 event the first held in the United States. Runner's World magazine reported that Eugene's selection by World Athletics, then known as the International Association of Athletics Federations, was an "unusual move". [20] They report the choice of Eugene will make the 2021 event "the first held in the United States." The event will be the second held in North America, after Edmonton, Alberta, Canada in 2001. The Guardian reported that the lack of bidding triggered concern in European cities that had bid to host the event. [21] They quoted Lamine Diack, IAAF president, who justified the lack of bidding with the claim the selection of Eugene to host the event, "enables us to take advantage of a unique opportunity to host a financially successful tournament that may never arise again."
Despite this, the lack of bidding for the 2021 event was not unprecedented: the 2007 World Championships were awarded to Osaka, Japan, without bidding. On July 17, 2018, Lananna also resigned as president of TrackTown USA, but has not left his position at the University. [22] [23] Since February 18, 2018, the interim USATF president has been Mike Conley.
USA Track & Field is the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) member federation in the United States. USATF is a member of the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) and selects teams for Olympic and Pan American Games competitions. To select the athletes for the Olympic Games, every Olympiad USATF conducts the Olympic Trials.
USATF also has membership in, or close affiliations with, the NCAA, the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), the Road Runners Club of America (RRCA), Running USA, and many community-based and disabled sports organizations.
USA Track & Field is a Founding Sports Partner of the Sports Museum of America, joining more than 50 other single-sport Halls of Fame, National Governing Bodies, Museums and other organizations across North America to richly celebrate the history, grandeur and significance of sports in American culture. Set to open in New York City on May 7, 2008, the Sports Museum of America will showcase both USA Track & Field and the National Track & Field Hall of Fame in its Hall of Halls Gallery (along with providing an annual donation) in return for sharing some of the hall of fame's valuable artifacts and their support of the creation of the Nation's first all-sports museum experience.
USATF is composed of 57 Associations, which are the localized administrative districts. [24] For competition, each association is obligated to conduct (local) association championships. This is the initial rung in the competition tournaments that lead to various national championships, though many national championships do not require participation at the lower level. Generally, the associations follow state borders, but in the cases of smaller states, several states are combined into one association, and in the case of larger states, the state is divided into multiple associations in order to more effectively serve clusters of the population base. Most association borders parallel the initial associations created by the AAU, though there has been some adjustment to those defined borders since, including the creation of new associations. Dependent upon the association fulfilling its obligations to its membership and the number of members in the association, each association is allowed to send a delegation of representatives to the National Meeting in early December each year. This is the primary means through which the local constituents are able to have a voice in the direction the national organization. Individual members may also attend the meetings, though voting is carefully controlled by the by-laws, based on the participation of various constituent groups. The National Meeting is the only time political business, rule changes and record ratification can be transacted by most wings of the organization.
Number | Name | Definition (if not * state borders) | ~ Population base |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Maine | * | 1,330,000 |
2 | New England | Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont | 9,750,000 |
3 | Adirondack | Northeastern New York | 2,190,000 |
4 | Niagara | Western New York (west of Broome, Cortland, Onondaga and Oswego Counties) | 3,910,000 |
5 | Connecticut | * | 3,600,000 |
6 | New York | New York City, Dutchess County, Orange County, Putnam County, Rockland County, Sullivan County, Westchester County | 9,915,000 |
7 | New Jersey | * | 8,940,000 |
8 | Mid-Atlantic | Delaware, Bedford County, Centre County, Clinton County, Huntingdon County, Potter County, Pennsylvania | 10,375,000 |
9 | Alabama | * | 4,850,000 |
10 | Potomac Valley | Maryland, District of Columbia, Arlington County, Fairfax County, Alexandria, Falls Church, Virginia | 8,155,000 |
11 | Three Rivers | Western Pennsylvania (portion not in Mid-Atlantic) and shared jurisdiction of the counties of Brooke, Hancock, Marshall and Ohio Counties in West Virginia (3,525,000) | 3,390,000 |
12 | Virginia | Virginia minus Arlington County, Fairfax County, Alexandria, Falls Church | 6,810,000 |
13 | North Carolina | * | 9,950,000 |
14 | Florida | * | 19,750,000 |
15 | Tennessee | * | 6,550,000 |
16 | Indiana | * | 6,600,000 |
17 | Ohio | Ohio except Lake Erie Association | 7,230,000 |
18 | Lake Erie | Ashland, Ashtabula, Carroll, Columbiana, Cuyahoga, Erie, Geauga, Harrison, Holmes, Huron, Jefferson, Lake, Lorain, Mahoning, Medina, Portage, Richland, Stark, Summit, Trumbull, Tuscarawas, and Wayne Counties | 4,365,000 |
19 | Michigan | * | 9,910,000 |
20 | Wisconsin | * | 5,760,000 |
21 | Illinois | Illinois minus Calhoun, Greene, Jersey, Madison, Monroe, St. Clair counties | 12,265,000 |
22 | Ozark | Eastern Missouri (including Camden, Dallas, Douglas, Knox, Miller, Monroe, Montgomery, Osage, Ozark, Pike, Ralls, Scotland, Shelby, Webster counties and Calhoun, Greene, Jersey, Madison, Monroe, St. Clair counties Illinois | 3,750,000 |
23 | Arkansas | * | 2,970,000 |
24 | Southern | Louisiana and Mississippi | 7,650,000 |
25 | Gulf | Texas bounded on the north and including Robertson, Leon, Houston, Angelina, Nacogdoches Counties, and Shelby; and on the west by and including Matagorda, Wharton, Colorado, Austin, Washington, Brazos, and Robertson Counties. | 6,825,000 |
26 | Southwestern | Texas bounded on the south by and including the Counties of Irion, Tom Green, Concho, McCulloch, San Saba, Mills, Hamilton, Coryell, Bell, Falls, Limestone, Freestone, Anderson, Cherokee, Rusk, and Panola; and on the west by and including the counties of Hardeman, Foard, Knox, Stonewall, Fisher, Scurry, Borden, Howard, Glasscock, and Reagan. | 10,250,000 |
27 | Oklahoma | * | 3,880,000 |
28 | Missouri Valley | Kansas and western Missouri | 5,850,000 |
29 | Nebraska | * | 1,880,000 |
30 | Minnesota | * | 5,460,000 |
31 | Montana | * | 1,025,000 |
32 | Colorado | * | 5,355,000 |
33 | USATF Southern California Association | Inyo, Los Angeles, Mono, Orange County, Riverside, San Bernardino Santa Barbara and Ventura Counties in California | 19,025,000 |
34 | Utah | * | 2,945,000 |
35 | Inland Northwest | Washington east of and including counties of Chelan, Kittitas, Klickitat, Okanogan and Yakima Counties and Idaho north of and including Idaho County | 1,755,000 |
36 | Pacific Northwest | Washington west of Inland Northwest | 5,605,000 |
37 | Oregon | * | 3,970,000 |
38 | Pacific | Northern California including San Luis Obispo, Stanislaus and Tuolumne counties north and Carson City, Churchill, Douglas, Humboldt, Lyon, Mineral, Pershing, Storey, and Washoe Counties in Nevada | 13,530,000 |
39 | Hawaii | * | 1,420,000 |
40 | Iowa | * | 3,110,000 |
41 | Kentucky | * | 4,415,000 |
42 | New Mexico | * | 2,085,000 |
43 | South Texas | Texas bounded on the east by and including the counties of Milam, Burleson, Lee, Fayette, Lavaca, and Jackson; on the south by the Gulf of Mexico and the Republic of Mexico; on the west by and including the counties of Val Verde and Crockett; and on the north by the counties of Crockett, Schleicher, Menard, Mason, Llano, Burnet, Lampasas, and Williamson. | 5,560,000 |
44 | San Diego-Imperial | San Diego and Imperial County, California | 3,275,000 |
45 | Georgia | * | 10,100,000 |
46 | Central California | Fresno, Kern, Kings, Madera, Mariposa, Merced and Tulare Counties | 2,595,000 |
47 | West Texas | Texas bounded on the east by and including the counties of Lipscomb, Hemphill, Wheeler, Collingsworth, Childress, Cottle, King, Kent, Garza, Lynn, Dawson, Martin, Midland, and Upton; on the south by and including the counties of Upton, Crane, Ward, and Loving; on the west by the State of New Mexico; and on the north by the State of Oklahoma | 1,175,000 |
48 | Arizona | * | 6,730,000 |
49 | Nevada | Clark, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka Lander, Lincoln, Nye and White Pine Counties in Nevada | 2,190,000 |
50 | Wyoming | * | 585,000 |
51 | West Virginia | * (shared jurisdiction with Three Rivers in Brooke, Hancock, Marshall and Ohio Counties) (1,715,000) | 1,850,000 |
52 | Dakotas | North Dakota and South Dakota | 1,600,000 |
53 | Border | Brewster, Culberson, Jeff Davis, El Paso, Hudspeth, Pecos, Presidio, Reeves and Terrell Counties in Texas | 855,000 |
54 | Snake River | Idaho south of Idaho County | 1,335,000 |
55 | South Carolina | * | 4,830,000 |
56 | Alaska | * | 740,000 |
59 | Long Island | Nassau County, Suffolk County | 2,835,000 |
Many of the more than 130,000 members of USATF participate in athletics competitions through one of the thousands of clubs established in all 50 states. While most of these members participate as athletes, coaches, officials and supporters of athletics at the grassroots level, elite athletes who represent the US in international competition are also required to be members of USATF. USATF also has 57 Associations to promote the sport locally, and membership in USATF also constitutes membership in a local association, with the dues being divided between the national and local group.
During the 1980s and 1990s, USATF encouraged major marathons to require USATF membership as a prerequisite to entering those races. However, all marathons dropped this requirement for non-elite runners, causing the adult membership in USATF to drop dramatically in the 2000s. In some USATF associations, the number of youth members far exceeds the number of adult members.
Today, USATF competes for youth membership with a parallel effort from the AAU, and with road racer/adult recreational runner membership with the Road Runners Club of America (RRCA) and its member clubs. In many cases, youth track clubs join both USATF and AAU so that they can compete in both sets of track meets, and adult running clubs join both RRCA and USATF. However, unlike USATF which requires each individual runner to also become a member of USATF in order to compete in events or gain other membership benefits, when a club joins RRCA, all of its members automatically become members of RRCA as well. As a result, RRCA has grown to 180,000 individual or family members compared with 130,000 USATF members, many of whom are children.
To the general public, the similarity in terminology used by the organizations' events can lead to confusion. For example, both USATF and AAU conduct a series of track meets called the Junior Olympics [25] and USATF, AAU and RRCA conduct separate National Championships and State Championships. Both AAU and USATF operate 57 state or local Associations, although the boundaries of their service areas are no longer exactly the same.
Regarding the funding of promising post-collegiate athletes, USATF competes with RRCA's Road Scholars program to select athletes for stipends.
In 1999, the USATF established the Golden Spike Tour – later the Visa Championship Series (VCS) – to showcase track and field in America and to facilitate the broadcast of key events on national television networks. Using innovative meet formats, the VCS helps repackage the sport, draws new fans and new sponsors, and provides increased financial incentives for USATF athletes. The VCS fills indoor arenas and outdoor stadiums across the country. Athletes compete for prize money at each meet, and the top athletes share in a bonus pool of $100,000. The last meet of the season is the USA Track & Field Indoor Championships. Most focus on the USA Track & Field Outdoor Championships to make IAAF World Championships in Athletics and Athletics at the Summer Olympics teams.
Masters athletics has several Championship competitions:
The USA Track & Field Legend Coach Award is an annual award to a single recipient selected by the USATF Coaches Advisory Committee.
The award ceremony takes place at the annual USATF Outdoor Championships.
Recipients of the award started in 2014 are:
Masters Athletics managed by World Masters Athletics is a class of the sport of athletics for athletes of 35 years of age and over organized by World Masters Athletics. The events include track and field, road running and cross country running. Competitors are bracketed into five-year age groups. For international events the first age group is 35 to 39. Men as old as 105 and women in their 100s have competed in running, jumping and throwing events. Masters athletes are sometimes known as "veterans" and the European Masters Championships, for instance, is known as "Eurovets". This and other high level events including biennial World Championships cater largely to elite-level athletes, but many masters athletes are novices to athletics and enjoy the camaraderie offered by masters competition at the local, National and International level. Most National governing bodies for track and field hold annual Masters championships. Prestigious National meets such as the Penn Relays and the United States Olympic Trials put on exhibition events for top masters athletes. Masters athletics is growing Internationally with over 6000 athletes competing at recent World Championships. World; National and Regional records are maintained for each age group.
Athletics Canada or AC is the national governing body for athletics in Canada, which includes track and field, cross-country running, road running, and race walking. Based in Ottawa, Ontario, Athletics Canada is a non-profit organization. The organization is led by an elected board of directors, with a head chair, currently Helen Manning.
Amy Yoder Begley is an American running coach and former middle and long-distance runner. Yoder Begley was a national champion at three different distances and competed in the 10,000 meter event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.
The USA Track & Field Outdoor Championships is an annual track and field competition organized by USA Track & Field, which serves as the American national championships for the sport. Since the year 1992, in the years which feature a Summer Olympics, World Athletics Championships, Pan American Games, NACAC Championships, or an IAAF Continental Cup, the championships serve as a way of selecting the best athletes for those competitions.
Jacqueline Hansen is a former long-distance runner from the United States who is recognized by the International Association of Athletics Federations as having set a world best in the marathon on two occasions.
The Southern California Striders is a track and field athletics club based in Los Angeles, California. From its foundation in 1955 through the 1980s it was an elite club producing numerous national and Olympic champions. For a time in the 1970s it was called the Tobias Striders for sponsorship reasons. From the 1990s to 2006 the club was restricted to masters athletics and still produces national champions in older age classes. After 2006 it became a nonprofit open to all ages.
Lauren Fleshman is an American runner, coach, author, and retired professional track and field athlete. She was the U.S. 5000 meters champion in 2006 and 2010, and competed at the IAAF World Championships in Athletics in 2003, 2005, and 2011. In the 5000 meter final of the 2011 IAAF World Championships she finished in 7th place, equalling what was at the time the highest ever finish by an American woman in that event.
Christian Taylor is a retired American track and field athlete who competed in the triple jump and has a personal record of 18.21 m, which ranks 2nd on the all-time list.
Philip Roy Mulkey was an American track and field athlete, primarily known for the multi-event decathlon. Mulkey was the second place American behind Rafer Johnson at the 1960 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships which served as Olympic Trials. He failed to finish the 1960 Olympic competition, dropping out after the discus throw. Mulkey had been a competitor at the 1952 Olympic Trials finishing 17th as a high schooler from Purdy, Missouri and the 1956 Olympic Trials finishing 7th representing the University of Wyoming.
Mary Cecilia Cain is an American professional middle distance runner from Bronxville, New York. Cain was the 2014 World Junior Champion in the 3000 meter event. She is the youngest American athlete ever to represent the United States at a track and field World Championships meet after competing in the 2013 World Championships in Athletics in Moscow aged 17 years and 3 months.
Ajeé Wilson is an American middle-distance runner who specializes in the 800 meters. She is the 2022 World indoor champion at the 800 meter distance, after earning silver medals in 2016 and 2018. Wilson won bronze medals at both the 2017 and 2019 World Athletics Championships. She is the second-fastest American of all time in the event with a time of 1m 55.61s, and she holds North American indoor record.
Dalilah Muhammad is an American track and field athlete who specializes in the 400 meters hurdles. She is the 2016 Rio Olympics champion and 2020 Tokyo Olympics silver medalist, becoming at the latter the then-second-fastest woman of all time in the event with her personal best of 51.58 seconds. Muhammad was second at both the 2013 and 2017 World Championships to take her first gold in 2019, setting the former world record of 52.16 s. She was the second female 400 m hurdler in history, after Sally Gunnell, to have won the Olympic, World titles and broken the world record. At both the 2019 World Championships and Tokyo Games, she also took gold as part of women's 4 × 400 metres relay team.
Abbey Cooper is an American middle- and long-distance runner. Cooper is the most decorated Ivy League athlete in track and field and cross country running. She is the first Dartmouth female distance runner to win an NCAA title. She won a total of seven NCAA titles in her career. In 2014, she became a professional runner for New Balance.
Ryan Hill is an American long-distance runner. Hill was a silver medalist in the 3000 metres at the 2016 IAAF World Indoor Championships. He represented the United States at the 2009 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior men's race 52nd place, 2013 World Championships in Athletics and the 2015 World Championships in Athletics, where he ran the 5000 meters at both finishing 7th and 5th, respectively.
Shamier Little is an American track and field sprinter specializing in the 400 metres hurdles. As a 20-year-old college sophomore at Texas A&M University, Little was the 2015 US champion. She then went on to win the silver medal in her signature event at the 2015 and 2023 World Championships. In July 2021, she became the fifth fastest woman of all time at the event.
Michael Arthur Norman Jr. is an American sprinter. He previously held the world best time in the indoor 400 meters at 44.52 seconds. Outdoors, his 43.45, set at the 2019 Mt. SAC Relays, is tied as the #4 on the all time list. In 2016, he became the world junior champion in both the 200 meters and 4×100 meter relay. In 2022, he became the world champion in both the 400 meters and 4x400 meter relay.
Donavan Brazier is an American middle-distance runner. He holds the American junior record and American record in men's 800 meters and won the gold medal at the 2019 World Championships.
Vin Lananna is an American track and field coach. He coached collegiate teams included the Stanford Cardinal and the Oregon Ducks. He has served as national team coach for the 2011 World Championships in Athletics and the 2016 Rio Olympics. He was included in the 2012 USTFCCCA Hall of Fame as a coach.
Teahna Daniels is an American athlete competing in sprinting events. Representing the United States at the 2019 World Athletics Championships, she placed seventh in the women's 100 metres.
The USATF Masters Outdoor Championships is an annual track and field competition which serves as the national championship for the United States for athletes in masters age groups. Organized by USA Track & Field, the national governing body for the sport, the competition was first held in 1968. Athletes compete in 5-year age groups, beginning from 25 and up to 105. Traditionally limited to athletes over 35, a "pre-masters" group was introduced in 2020 to encourage post-collegiate athletes over 25 to continue competing.
There was surprise in multiple time zones on Thursday when Eugene, Ore., became the first city in the United States to secure the world outdoor track and field championships. It will stage them in 2021 without the usual constraint of having had to win a formal bidding process.
In an unusual move that bypassed the usual bidding process, the International Association of Athletics Federations awarded Eugene, Oregon, the 2021 World Championships in Athletics in a special vote on the second day of their Council Meeting in Beijingl
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