Unity Township, Pennsylvania

Unity Township, Pennsylvania
Township
Township office, Beatty County Road and Beatty Village Road
Map of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania Highlighting Unity Township
Map of Pennsylvania highlighting Westmoreland County
Country	United States
State	Pennsylvania
County	Westmoreland
Settled	1760
Incorporated	September 23, 1789
Area [1]
• Total	67.58 sq mi (175.02 km2)
• Land	67.44 sq mi (174.67 km2)
• Water	0.14 sq mi (0.35 km2)
Population  (2020 United States Census) [2]
• Total	21,724
• Estimate  (2021) [2]	21,599
Time zone	UTC-5 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC-4 (EDT)
Area code	724
FIPS code	42-129-78656
Website	Official website

Unity Township is a township in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 21,724 at the 2020 census, ^[2] a decline of approximately 4% compared to the 2010 census.

The township is home to Saint Vincent Archabbey, College and Seminary, as well as Arnold Palmer Regional Airport. The Norfolk Southern Railway (once part of the Pennsylvania Railroad mainline) runs through the northern section of the township. ^[3]

History

Unity Township was incorporated on September 23, 1789. Initial records show settlement going back to 1760. Residents of Mount Pleasant Township petitioned the court to establish a new township around the area next to the Loyalhanna creek, based on the inconveniently large size of the existing township, which made it necessary to travel long distances to conduct township affairs. One of the oldest communities in the township was Youngstown, an important stop in the wagon and stagecoach era, ca. 1818–1852, which became a separate borough in 1831. ^[4]

The township is home to Unity Cemetery, which was established in 1774. ^[5] Some 15,000 people are believed to buried in the cemetery, ^[6] including Colonel John Proctor, ^[7] 31 other Revolutionary War veterans, U.S. Congressman William Findley ^[8] and television host Fred Rogers.

In 1847 the Sisters of Mercy, an Irish Catholic order, established St. Xavier's Academy for Girls in Unity. ^[9] In time, it expanded to include a convent. The buildings were destroyed by a fire in 1972, but the sisters' cemetery on the former school grounds in Unity remains. ^{[10] [11] [12]}

For a time the coal industry "dwarfed all others" in the township, according to historian John Boucher, writing in 1906. ^[13] Mines which once operated in Unity Township included those named Carney, Humphries, Dorothy, Marguerite, Mutual, Puritan (in Baggaley), Whitney, Jamison No. 20 (in Pleasant Unity), Hostetter, Beatty and St. Vincent's Shaft. Many of them were constructed in the period 1880 to 1900. All have long since closed. Extensive land remediation has taken place and few traces of the mines remain, but their names survive in township neighborhoods and streets. ^{[14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19]}

Carr's Tunnel, an abandoned railroad tunnel, is located in Unity Township. Locally known as Witches' Tunnel, it is on a now-dismantled spur of the Pennsylvania Railroad which serviced coal mines in the area, including the Carney mine. ^[20]

The Kingston House and St. Vincent Archabbey Gristmill are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. ^[21]

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 67.3 square miles (174.2 km²), of which 67.1 square miles (173.8 km²) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.4 km²) (0.24%) is water.

The township contains the following communities: Baggaley, Beatty, Carney, Denison, Donohoe, Dorothy, Dry Ridge, George's Station, Greenwald, Hostetter, Humphreys, Lawson Heights, Lloydsville, Lycippus, Manito, Marguerite, Mutual, Old Crabtree, Pleasant Unity, and Whitney. To the west lies Hempfield Township; to the east, Latrobe Borough and Derry Township.

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1940	10,994		—
1950	12,392		12.7%
1960	15,519		25.2%
1970	18,419		18.7%
1980	19,976		8.5%
1990	20,109		0.7%
2000	21,137		5.1%
2010	22,607		7.0%
2020	21,724		−3.9%
2021 (est.)	21,599	[2]	−0.6%
U.S. Decennial Census [22] [23] [24]

At the 2000 census there were 21,137 people, 7,963 households, and 5,773 families living in the township. The population density was 315.0 inhabitants per square mile (121.6/km²). There were 8,372 housing units at an average density of 124.8 units per square mile (48.2 units/km²). The racial makeup of the township was 98.12% White, 0.32% African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.86% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.15% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 0.42%. ^[25]

Of the 7,963 households 29.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.9% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.5% were non-families. 24.6% of households were one person and 11.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.95.

The age distribution was 21.5% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% 65 or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.6 males.

The median household income was $40,585 and the median family income was $49,593. Males had a median income of $37,907 versus $26,164 for females. The per capita income for the township was $21,116. About 5.8% of families and 8.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.0% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

• William Findley, U.S. Congressman, 1791–1797
• John Latta (1836–1913), 1st Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania

Gallery

• 
  View from Unity Cemetery towards Chestnut Ridge
• 
  Historic graves in Unity Cemetery
• 
  Kingston (Johnston) House, National Register of Historic Places
• 
  Remediated coal mine site
• 
  Carr's (Witches') Tunnel
• 
  1940 Census description of township boundaries and St. Xavier's

References

1. "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
2. "City and Town Population Totals: 2020—2021". Census.gov. US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2022.
3. "Unity: Second Class Township Map" (PDF). PennDot.gov. Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Retrieved February 12, 2022.
4. History of Westmoreland County Volume 1, Chapter 41
5. Bell, Joseph. "Unity Cemetery, Chapel mark monumental anniversaries". Latrobe Bulletin News.
6. Himler, Jeff (March 3, 2024). "Yearlong Celebrations: Latrobe Presbyterians mark 250th anniversary of Unity Cemetery". Tribune Review, Pittsburgh PA.
7. Burke, Mike (June 14, 2018). "Don't Tread on Me: The Flag of Colonel John Proctor's 1st Battalion of Westmoreland County, Pa". Heinz History Center. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
8. Wertz, Marjorie. "Unity Cemetery a lesson in military history". TribLive. Tribune-Review. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
9. Zufelt, Jerry. "History of the Diocese". The Catholic Accent. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
10. Scott, Rebekah. "Sisters of Mercy continue to serve Pittsburghers in need". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
11. "St. Xavier Academy relocated". Catholic News Archive. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
12. "St. Xavier's historical marker". Explore PA History.
13. Boucher, John Newton (1906). The History of Westmoreland County. p. 554. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
14. Muller, Edward and Carlisle, Ronald (1994). Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania: An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites (PDF). National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. pp. 53–124.
15. "Monastery Run Improvement Project History". Winnie Palmer Nature Preserve. Retrieved March 1, 2022.
16. Federoff, Stacey. "Treatment ponds for mine drainage planned for Unity". TribLive. Tribune-Review. Retrieved February 17, 2022.
17. Himler, Jeff. "Ligonier coal company honored for mining reclamation". TribLive. Tribune-Review. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
18. "WPCAMR means hope for Western Pennsylvania's Streams". Western Pennsylvania Coalition for Abandoned Mine Reclamation. Retrieved February 13, 2022.
19. Washlaski, Raymond A. "Saint Vincent's Shaft Mine". Virtual Museum of Coal Mining in Pennsylvania. academia.edu. Retrieved March 3, 2024.
20. "Carr's Tunnel and Carney Mine". Old Industry of Southwestern Pennsylvania. Retrieved March 3, 2024.
21. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places . National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
22. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
23. "1990 Census of Population and Housing - Unit Counts Pennsylvania" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on November 8, 2021.
24. "Number of Inhabitants - Pennsylvania" (PDF).
25. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.

External links

• Unity Township official site
• USGS Geological Survey Map of Unity Township dated 1987. Identifies neighborhoods, former mine sites.

1. Unity West
2. Unity East

40°14′00″N79°21′59″W / 40.23333°N 79.36639°W / 40.23333; -79.36639