1896 United States presidential election in Louisiana

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1896 United States presidential election in Louisiana
Louisiana Pelican Flag 1861.svg
  1892 November 3, 1896 1900  
  William Jennings Bryan 2 (cropped).jpg William McKinley by Courtney Art Studio, 1896 (cropped).jpg
Nominee William Jennings Bryan William McKinley
Party Democratic Republican
Alliance Populist
Home state Nebraska Ohio
Running mate Arthur Sewall
(Democratic)
Thomas E. Watson
(Populist)
Garret Hobart
Electoral vote80
Popular vote77,17522,037
Percentage76.38%21.81%

Louisiana Presidential Election Results 1896.svg
Parish Results

President before election

Grover Cleveland
Democratic

Elected President

William McKinley
Republican

The 1896 United States presidential election in Louisiana took place on November 3, 1896. All contemporary 45 states were part of the 1896 United States presidential election. State voters chose eight electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.

Contents

Following the overthrow of Reconstruction Republican government, Louisiana, like most of the former Confederacy, established a Democratic-dominated but highly fraudulent political system [1] that would from 1890 be challenged by the rise of the Populist Party due to declining conditions for farmers. Both the Populists and the earlier Greenback Party — who shared key leaders like James B. Weaver — would be supported by the state Republican Party. [2] At the same time, outside of Acadiana — where French Catholic beliefs produced less hardline attitudes towards black voting [3] — intimidation was already either drastically reducing the number of black voters or counting them for Democrats hostile to their interests. [4]

By the 1890s the Louisiana Republican Party was deeply divided between “black and tans” and an insurgent “lily white” faction led by Acadian sugar planters, [5] and the state Democratic Party was divided less deeply between pro- and anti-lottery factions. [6] To avert the fragmented 1892 gubernatorial election, both Republican factions would organize a fusion with the Populist Party, who had run a separate candidate that year. This fusion ticket, headed by sugar planter John Pharr, would be denied according to later analysis by the persistent electoral fraud, [7] and in the immediate aftermath of a potential civil war due to a planned Populist march on Baton Rouge, the Democrats would pass laws to disenfranchise the remaining black voters and also many poor whites [8] — which they would complete during the ensuing gubernatorial term. [9]

Louisiana was won by the Democratic nominees, former U.S. Representative William Jennings Bryan of Nebraska and his running mate Arthur Sewall of Maine, though four electors would cast their vice presidential ballots for Thomas E. Watson. They defeated the Republican nominees, former Ohio Governor William McKinley and his running mate Garret Hobart of New Jersey. Bryan won the state by a landslide margin of 54.57%.

As this was the last election before disfranchising constitutional conventions ended black voting in Acadiana as well as the rest of the state, McKinley did retain overwhelming support in several sugarcane-growing parishes opposed to the anti-tariff Democratic policy. [3]

Bryan would later win Louisiana against McKinley again four years later and would later win it again in 1908 against William Howard Taft.

Results

1896 United States presidential election in Louisiana [10]
PartyCandidateVotesPercentageElectoral votes
Democratic William Jennings Bryan 77,17576.38%4
Populist William Jennings Bryan00.00%4
Total William Jennings Bryan 77,17576.38%8
Republican William McKinley 22,03721.81%0
National Democratic John M. Palmer 1,8341.82%0
Totals101,046100.00%8
Voter turnout

Results by parish

1896 United States presidential election in Louisiana by parish [11]
ParishWilliam Jennings Bryan
Democratic
William McKinley
Republican
John McAuley Palmer
National Democratic
MarginTotal votes cast
# %# %# %# %
Acadia 1,08281.54%23417.63%110.83%84863.90%1,327
Ascension 73749.07%72248.07%432.86%151.00%1,502
Assumption 34423.66%1,07073.59%402.75%-726-49.93%1,454
Avoyelles 1,65788.00%21411.36%120.64%1,44376.63%1,883
Bienville 1,49196.01%513.28%110.71%1,44092.72%1,553
Bossier 1,14697.28%221.87%100.85%1,12495.42%1,178
Caddo 1,81283.70%28513.16%683.14%1,52770.53%2,165
Calcasieu 2,65874.27%89124.90%300.84%1,76749.37%3,579
Caldwell 61095.46%264.07%30.47%58491.39%639
Cameron 25185.37%3712.59%62.04%21472.79%294
Catahoula 81191.33%748.33%30.34%73783.00%888
Claiborne 1,75795.80%532.89%241.31%1,70492.91%1,834
Concordia 1,08592.58%806.83%70.60%1,00585.75%1,172
De Soto 1,94091.55%1537.22%261.23%1,78784.33%2,119
East Baton Rouge 1,41268.38%59528.81%582.81%81739.56%2,065
East Carroll 23552.93%18541.67%245.41%5011.26%444
East Feliciana 1,54898.47%150.95%90.57%1,53397.52%1,572
Franklin 87194.88%283.05%192.07%84391.83%918
Grant 78085.15%12313.43%131.42%65771.72%916
Iberia 93970.02%39129.16%110.82%54840.87%1,341
Iberville 35836.68%60061.48%181.84%-242-24.80%976
Jackson 70597.24%182.48%20.28%68794.76%725
Jefferson 1,38379.30%35220.18%90.52%1,03159.12%1,744
Lafayette 82581.68%16716.53%181.78%65865.15%1,010
Lafourche 1,12973.94%38625.28%120.79%74348.66%1,527
Lincoln 1,24195.02%403.06%251.91%1,20191.96%1,306
Livingston 69390.23%729.38%30.39%62180.86%768
Madison 1,24892.04%967.08%120.88%1,15284.96%1,356
Morehouse 85394.15%465.08%70.77%80789.07%906
Natchitoches 1,65698.10%231.36%90.53%1,63396.74%1,688
Orleans 17,48765.81%8,29531.22%7892.97%9,19234.59%26,571
Ouachita 2,71296.31%933.30%110.39%2,61993.00%2,816
Plaquemines 1,50273.16%54026.30%110.54%96246.86%2,053
Pointe Coupee 77364.04%41033.97%241.99%36330.07%1,207
Rapides 2,60093.56%1425.11%371.33%2,45888.45%2,779
Red River 83296.41%263.01%50.58%80693.40%863
Richland 70690.75%617.84%111.41%64582.90%778
Sabine 1,46997.22%362.38%60.40%1,43394.84%1,511
Saint Bernard 56989.47%6610.38%10.16%50379.09%636
Saint Charles 12529.90%28267.46%112.63%-157-37.56%418
Saint Helena 52288.62%5910.02%81.36%46378.61%589
Saint James 21012.57%1,41784.85%432.57%-1,207-72.28%1,670
Saint John the Baptist 18024.32%53972.84%212.84%-359-48.51%740
Saint Landry 1,78687.04%24211.79%241.17%1,54475.24%2,052
Saint Martin 67989.11%769.97%70.92%60379.13%762
Saint Mary 59149.25%58048.33%292.42%110.92%1,200
Saint Tammany 63660.80%31730.31%938.89%31930.50%1,046
Tangipahoa 1,42976.99%39521.28%321.72%1,03455.71%1,856
Tensas 1,10882.13%23617.49%50.37%87264.64%1,349
Terrebonne 59762.12%34836.21%161.66%24925.91%961
Union 1,58693.46%865.07%251.47%1,50088.39%1,697
Vermilion 70277.40%19621.61%90.99%50655.79%907
Vernon 69794.57%354.75%50.68%66289.82%737
Washington 1,16895.11%483.91%120.98%1,12091.21%1,228
Webster 77488.36%9711.07%50.57%67777.28%876
West Baton Rouge 23743.73%27951.48%264.80%-42-7.75%542
West Carroll 63799.84%10.16%00.00%63699.69%638
West Feliciana 91993.58%444.48%191.93%87589.10%982
Winn 68293.42%425.75%60.82%64087.67%730
Totals77,17276.38%22,03721.81%1,8341.82%55,13554.57%101,043

See also

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References

  1. Hair, William Ivy (1969). Bourbonism and agrarian protest; Louisiana politics, 1877-1900. pp. 114–115. ISBN   0807109088.
  2. Kousser, J. Morgan (1975). The Shaping of Southern Politics: Suffrage Restriction and the Establishment of the One-Party South, 1880-1910 (Second Printing ed.). New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. p. 25. ISBN   0-300-01973-4.
  3. 1 2 Howard, Perry H. (1954). "A New Look at Reconstruction". Political Tendencies in Louisiana, 1812-1952; An Ecological Analysis of Voting Behavior (Thesis). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. pp. 112–113.
  4. Dethloff, Henry C.; Jones, Robert R. (Autumn 1968). "Race Relations in Louisiana, 1877-98". Louisiana History: The Journal of the Louisiana Historical Association. 9 (4). Louisiana Historical Association: 301–323.
  5. Heersink, Boris; Jenkins, Jeffrey A. Republican Party Politics and the American South, 1865-1968. pp. 265–266. ISBN   1107158435.
  6. Hair. Bourbonism and Agrarian Protest, pp. 168-169
  7. Kousser. The Shaping of Southern Politics, p. 41
  8. Hair. Bourbonism and Agrarian Protest, pp. 261-268
  9. Lewinson, Paul (1965). Race, class and party; a history of Negro suffrage and white politics in the South. New York City: Grosset & Dunlap. p. 81.
  10. "1896 Presidential General Election Results – Louisiana". Dave Leip's U.S. Election Atlas.
  11. "Popular Vote at the Presidential Election for 1896". Géoelections. (.xlsx file for €30 including full minor party figures)