List of governors of Louisiana

The governor of Louisiana is the head of government of the U.S. state of Louisiana. The governor is the head of the executive branch of Louisiana's state government and is charged with enforcing state laws. Republican Jeff Landry has served as the current governor since January 8, 2024.

List of governors

Territory of Orleans

For the period before purchase, see List of colonial governors of Louisiana.

Louisiana was purchased by the United States from France in 1803. ^[1] On October 1, 1804, Orleans Territory was organized from the southern part of the Purchase, with the remainder being made the District of Louisiana and placed under the jurisdiction of Indiana Territory. ^[2] The District of Louisiana would later become Louisiana Territory, but after Orleans Territory became the state of Louisiana, Louisiana Territory was renamed Missouri Territory. ^[3]

Governor of the Territory of Orleans

Governor		Term in office	Appointed by
	William C. C. Claiborne (d. 1817) [4] [5] [6] [7]	December 20, 1803 [a] – July 30, 1812 (elected state governor)	Thomas Jefferson
			James Madison

State of Louisiana

Louisiana was admitted to the Union on April 30, 1812. ^[15] It seceded from the Union on January 26, 1861, ^[16] and it was a founding member of the Confederate States of America on February 8, 1861. ^[17] However, since substantial parts of the state remained in Union hands throughout the war, there were two lines of governors elected. Following the end of the American Civil War, Louisiana during Reconstruction was part of the Fifth Military District, which exerted some control over governor appointments and elections. ^[18] Louisiana was readmitted to the Union on July 9, 1868. ^[19]

The 1812 constitution established the office of governor, to serve for four years ^[20] starting from the fourth Monday after the election. ^[21] In 1845, the start date was moved to the fourth Monday of the January after the election; ^[22] in 1864, it was moved to the second Monday of the January after the election; ^[23] in 1879 it was moved to the first Monday after the General Assembly announced the election result; the 1921 Constitution fixed the new inauguration date as the second Tuesday in May. ^[24] The 1974 Constitution changed the date, effective in 1980, to the second Monday of the March following the election; this was amended in 1987, to become effective in 1992, to the second Monday of January. ^[25] Governors were not allowed to succeed themselves ^[26] until 1864, when the constitution held no term limits. The restriction on governors succeeding themselves was reintroduced in 1868, ^[27] removed in 1870, ^[28] and again added in 1898. ^[29] An amendment to the constitution passed in 1966 allowed governors to succeed themselves once before requiring a gap before they can be elected again. ^[30] Five governors have served nonconsecutive terms. Andre B. Roman, Francis T. Nicholls, and Jimmie Davis each served two non-consecutive terms, while Earl Long and Edwin Edwards both served in three distinct stints.

In the event of a vacancy, the President of the Senate originally acted as governor. ^[31] The 1845 constitution created the office of lieutenant governor, to be elected at the same time and manner as the governor ^[32] and who would act as governor in the event of a vacancy. ^[33] The 1913 constitution established that the lieutenant governor would become governor in case of a vacancy. ^[34] The governor and the lieutenant governor are not officially elected on the same ticket. ^[35]

Governors of the State of Louisiana

No.	Governor			Term in office	Party	Election	Lt. Governor [b] [c]
1			William C. C. Claiborne (d. 1817) [4] [5] [6] [7]	July 30, 1812 [d] – December 17, 1816 (term-limited) [e]	Democratic- Republican [39]	1812	Office did not exist
2			Jacques Villeré (1761–1830) [40] [41] [42]	December 17, 1816 [43] – December 18, 1820 (term-limited) [e]	Democratic- Republican [39]	1816
3			Thomas B. Robertson (1779–1828) [44] [45] [46]	December 18, 1820 [47] – November 15, 1824 (resigned) [f]	Democratic- Republican [39]	1820
4			Henry S. Thibodaux (1769–1827) [48] [49] [50]	November 15, 1824 [51] – December 13, 1824 (successor took office)	Democratic- Republican [39]	President of the Senate acting
5			Henry Johnson (1783–1864) [52] [53] [54]	December 13, 1824 [55] – December 15, 1828 (term-limited) [e]	Adams Republican [52]	1824
6			Pierre Derbigny (1769–1829) [56] [57] [58]	December 15, 1828 [39] – October 6, 1829 (died in office)	Adams Republican [59]	1828
7			Arnaud Beauvais (1783–1843) [60] [61] [62]	October 6, 1829 [63] – January 14, 1830 (senate term ended) [g]	National Republican [60]	President of the Senate acting
8			Jacques Dupré (1773–1846) [64] [65] [66]	January 14, 1830 [67] – January 31, 1831 (successor took office)	National Republican [64]	President of the Senate acting
9			Andre B. Roman (1795–1866) [68] [69] [70]	January 31, 1831 [39] – February 2, 1835 (term-limited) [e]	National Republican [59]	1830 (special) [h]
10			Edward Douglass White Sr. (1795–1847) [71] [72] [73]	February 2, 1835 [39] – February 4, 1839 (term-limited) [e]	Whig [74]	1834
9			Andre B. Roman (1795–1866) [68] [69] [70]	February 4, 1839 [75] – January 30, 1843 (term-limited) [e]	Whig [74]	1838
11			Alexandre Mouton (1804–1885) [76] [77] [78]	January 30, 1843 [79] – February 12, 1846 (term-limited) [e]	Democratic [80]	1842 [i]
12			Isaac Johnson (1803–1853) [81] [82] [83]	February 12, 1846 [84] – January 28, 1850 (term-limited) [j]	Democratic [80]	1846		Trasimond Landry
13			Joseph Marshall Walker (1784–1856) [86] [87] [88]	January 28, 1850 [89] – January 20, 1853 (term-limited) [k] [l]	Democratic [93]	1849 [m]		Jean Baptiste Plauché
14			Paul Octave Hébert (1818–1880) [94] [95] [96]	January 20, 1853 [92] – January 28, 1856 (term-limited) [k]	Democratic [93]	1852		William Wood Farmer (died October 29, 1854)
								Robert C. Wickliffe
15			Robert C. Wickliffe (1819–1895) [97] [98] [99]	January 28, 1856 [100] – January 23, 1860 (term-limited) [k]	Democratic [101]	1855		Charles Homer Mouton (resigned 1856)
								William F. Griffin
16			Thomas Overton Moore (1804–1876) [102] [103] [104]	January 23, 1860 [105] – January 25, 1864 (term-limited) [n]	Democratic [101]	1859 [o]		Henry M. Hyams
17			George Foster Shepley (1819–1878) [107] [108] [109]	July 2, 1862 [39] – March 4, 1864 (successor took office)	Military governor [o] [p]		Vacant
18			Henry Watkins Allen (1820–1866) [110] [111] [112]	January 25, 1864 [113] – June 2, 1865 (resigned) [q]	Democratic [110]	1863 (Confederate) [o]		Benjamin W. Pearce
19			Michael Hahn (1830–1886) [114] [115] [116]	March 4, 1864 [117] – March 4, 1865 (resigned) [r]	Union Free Trade (Republican) [118]	1864 (Union) [o]		James Madison Wells
20			James Madison Wells (1808–1899) [119] [120] [121]	March 4, 1865 [122] – June 3, 1867 (removed) [s]	Citizens Ticket [118]	Lieutenant governor acting	Vacant
						1865 [o]		Albert Voorhies
21			Benjamin Flanders (1816–1896) [123] [124] [125]	June 6, 1867 [t] – January 2, 1868 (resigned) [u]	Appointed by military occupation [39]		Vacant
22			Joshua Baker (1799–1885) [128] [129] [130]	January 2, 1868 [v] – June 27, 1868 (removed) [w]	Appointed by military occupation [39]
23			Henry C. Warmoth (1842–1931) [133] [134] [135]	June 27, 1868 [x] – December 9, 1872 (removed) [y]	Appointed by military occupation [39] [132]
					Republican [39]	1868		Oscar Dunn (died November 22, 1871)
							Vacant
								P. B. S. Pinchback (appointed December 6, 1871)
24			P. B. S. Pinchback (1837–1921) [137] [138] [139]	December 9, 1872 [140] – January 13, 1873 (successor took office)	Republican [39]	Lieutenant governor acting	Vacant
25			John McEnery (1833–1891) [141] [142]	January 13, 1873 [143] – May 22, 1873 (removed) [z]	Democratic [aa]	1872 [z]		Davidson B. Penn
26			William Pitt Kellogg (1830–1918) [146] [147] [148]	January 13, 1873 [143] – January 8, 1877 (did not run) [ab]	Republican [39]			Caesar Antoine
27			Stephen B. Packard (1839–1922)	January 8, 1877 [149] – April 25, 1877 (removed) [ac]	Republican [118]	1876 [ac] [ad]
28			Francis T. Nicholls (1834–1912) [151] [152] [153]	January 8, 1877 [149] – January 14, 1880 (did not run) [151]	Democratic [118]			Louis A. Wiltz
29			Louis A. Wiltz (1843–1881) [154] [155] [156]	January 14, 1880 [157] – October 16, 1881 (died in office)	Democratic [39]	1879		Samuel D. McEnery
30			Samuel D. McEnery (1837–1910) [158] [159] [160]	October 16, 1881 [161] – May 21, 1888 (lost nomination) [162]	Democratic [39]	Lieutenant governor acting		William A. Robertson (removed December 24, 1881)
								George L. Walton
						1884		Clay Knobloch
28			Francis T. Nicholls (1834–1912) [151] [152] [153]	May 21, 1888 [163] – May 16, 1892 (did not run)	Democratic [39]	1888		James Jeffries
31			Murphy J. Foster (1849–1921) [164] [165] [166]	May 16, 1892 [167] – May 21, 1900 (term-limited) [ae]	Anti-Lottery Democratic [169]	1892		Charles Parlange (resigned December 11, 1893)
								Hiram R. Lott (died June 2, 1895)
								Robert H. Snyder
						1896
32			William Wright Heard (1853–1926) [170] [171] [172]	May 21, 1900 [173] – May 16, 1904 (term-limited) [ae]	Democratic [39]	1900		Albert Estopinal
33			Newton C. Blanchard (1849–1922) [174] [175] [176]	May 16, 1904 [177] – May 18, 1908 (term-limited) [ae]	Democratic [39]	1904		Jared Y. Sanders Sr.
34			Jared Y. Sanders Sr. (1869–1944) [178] [179] [180]	May 18, 1908 [181] – May 20, 1912 (term-limited) [ae]	Democratic [39]	1908		Paul M. Lambremont
35			Luther E. Hall (1869–1921) [182] [183] [184]	May 20, 1912 [185] – May 15, 1916 (term-limited) [af]	Democratic [39]	1912		Thomas C. Barret
36			Ruffin G. Pleasant (1871–1937) [187] [188] [189]	May 15, 1916 [190] – May 17, 1920 (term-limited) [af]	Democratic [39]	1916		Fernand Mouton
37			John M. Parker (1863–1939) [191] [192] [193]	May 17, 1920 [194] – May 19, 1924 (term-limited) [ag]	Democratic [118]	1920		Hewitt Bouanchaud (resigned April 12, 1924)
								Delos R. Johnson
38			Henry L. Fuqua (1865–1926) [196] [197] [198]	May 19, 1924 [199] – October 11, 1926 (died in office)	Democratic [39]	1924		Oramel H. Simpson
39			Oramel H. Simpson (1870–1932) [200] [201] [202]	October 11, 1926 [203] – May 21, 1928 (lost nomination) [204]	Democratic [39]	Succeeded from lieutenant governor		Philip H. Gilbert
40			Huey Long (1893–1935) [204] [205] [206]	May 21, 1928 [207] – January 25, 1932 (resigned) [ah]	Democratic [39]	1928		Paul N. Cyr (removed March 4, 1931) [ah]
								Alvin Olin King
41			Alvin Olin King (1890–1958) [210] [208] [209]	January 25, 1932 [211] – May 16, 1932 (successor took office)	Democratic [39]	Succeeded from lieutenant governor	Vacant
42			Oscar K. Allen (1882–1936) [212] [213] [214]	May 16, 1932 [215] – January 28, 1936 (died in office)	Democratic [39]	1932		John B. Fournet (resigned January 2, 1935)
								James A. Noe
43			James A. Noe (1890–1976) [216] [217] [218]	January 28, 1936 [219] – May 12, 1936 (successor took office)	Democratic [39]	Succeeded from lieutenant governor	Vacant
44			Richard W. Leche (1898–1965) [220] [221] [222]	May 12, 1936 [223] – June 26, 1939 (resigned) [ai]	Democratic [39]	1936		Earl Long
45			Earl Long (1895–1960) [224] [225] [226]	June 26, 1939 [227] – May 14, 1940 (lost nomination) [224]	Democratic [39]	Succeeded from lieutenant governor		Coleman Lindsey
46			Sam H. Jones (1897–1978) [228] [229] [230]	May 14, 1940 [231] – May 9, 1944 (term-limited) [ag]	Democratic [39]	1940		Marc M. Mouton
47			Jimmie Davis (1899–2000) [232] [233] [234]	May 9, 1944 [235] – May 11, 1948 (term-limited) [ag]	Democratic [39]	1944		J. Emile Verret
45			Earl Long (1895–1960) [224] [225] [226]	May 11, 1948 [236] – May 13, 1952 (term-limited) [ag]	Democratic [39]	1948		Bill Dodd
48			Robert F. Kennon (1902–1988) [237] [238] [239]	May 13, 1952 [240] – May 15, 1956 (term-limited) [ag]	Democratic [39]	1952		C. E. Barham
45			Earl Long (1895–1960) [224] [225] [226]	May 15, 1956 [241] – May 10, 1960 (term-limited) [ag]	Democratic [39]	1956		Lether Frazar
47			Jimmie Davis (1899–2000) [232] [233] [234]	May 10, 1960 [242] – May 12, 1964 (term-limited) [ag]	Democratic [39]	1960		Taddy Aycock
49			John McKeithen (1918–1999) [243] [244] [245]	May 12, 1964 [246] – May 9, 1972 (term-limited) [aj]	Democratic [39]	1964
						1968
50			Edwin Edwards (1927–2021) [248] [249] [250]	May 9, 1972 [251] – March 10, 1980 (term-limited) [ak]	Democratic [39]	1972		Jimmy Fitzmorris
						1975
51			Dave Treen (1928–2009) [253] [254]	March 10, 1980 [255] – March 12, 1984 (lost election)	Republican [254]	1979		Robert Louis Freeman Sr. [al]
50			Edwin Edwards (1927–2021) [248] [249] [250]	March 12, 1984 [256] – March 14, 1988 (withdrew) [am]	Democratic [250]	1983
52			Buddy Roemer (1943–2021) [257] [258]	March 14, 1988 [259] – January 13, 1992 (lost election)	Democratic [an]	1987		Paul Hardy [ao]
50			Edwin Edwards (1927–2021) [248] [249] [250]	January 13, 1992 [260] – January 8, 1996 (did not run)	Democratic [250]	1991		Melinda Schwegmann
53			Mike Foster (1930–2020) [261] [262]	January 8, 1996 [263] – January 12, 2004 (term-limited) [ak]	Republican [262]	1995		Kathleen Blanco
						1999
54			Kathleen Blanco (1942–2019) [264] [265]	January 12, 2004 [266] – January 14, 2008 (did not run)	Democratic [265]	2003		Mitch Landrieu [al] (resigned May 3, 2010)
55			Bobby Jindal (b. 1971) [267] [268]	January 14, 2008 [269] – January 11, 2016 (term-limited) [ak]	Republican [268]	2007
								Scott Angelle [al]
								Jay Dardenne (elected November 22, 2010)
						2011
56			John Bel Edwards (b. 1966) [270] [271]	January 11, 2016 [272] – January 8, 2024 (term-limited) [ak]	Democratic [271]	2015		Billy Nungesser [ao]
						2019
57			Jeff Landry (b. 1970) [273]	January 8, 2024 [274] – Incumbent [ap]	Republican [274]	2023

See also

• List of Louisiana state legislatures
• List of colonial governors of Louisiana
• Gubernatorial lines of succession in the United States#Louisiana

Notes

1. Claiborne was authorized by President Thomas Jefferson on October 31, 1803, to receive the new lands purchased from France, ^[4] and proclaimed the acquisition of Louisiana in New Orleans on December 20. ^[8] He was appointed to the position of Governor of Orleans Territory on August 30, 1884, taking office on October 2. ^[4] He was formally nominated to the position on November 30, ^[9] and confirmed by the Senate on December 12. ^[10] He was reappointed on June 8, 1805, ^[11] during a Senate recess; and was reconfirmed by the Senate on December 23, 1805; ^[12] November 14, 1808; ^[13] and November 26, 1811. ^[14]
2. The office of lieutenant governor was created in 1845. ^[36]
3. Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
4. Louisiana became a state on April 30, 1812, but Claiborne was not sworn in as state governor until July 30. ^[37]
5. Under the 1812 constitution, governors were ineligible for four years after the expiration of their elected term. ^[38]
6. Robertson resigned, having been confirmed to a joint seat on the United States District Court for both the Eastern and Western Districts of Louisiana. ^[44]
7. Sources disagree on why Beauvais' term ended; some say he lost his bid to be reelected as senate president, ^[61] while others say he resigned so that he could run for governor. ^[62]
8. Special election called due to the death of Pierre Derbigny and the succession crisis that followed. ^[70]
9. The 1845 constitution adjusted the election schedule, shortening this term to three years.
10. Under the 1845 constitution, governors were ineligible for four years after the expiration of their elected term. ^[85]
11. Under the 1852 constitution, governors were ineligible for four years after the expiration of their elected term. ^[90]
12. While some sources state Walker resigned due to objections to the 1852 constitution, ^{[87] [91]} no contemporary news reports of his resignation have been found, and Paul Octave Hébert was inaugurated on January 20. ^[92]
13. The 1852 constitution adjusted the election schedule, shortening this term to three years.
14. Under the 1861 constitution, governors were ineligible for four years after the expiration of their elected term. ^[106]
15. The area around New Orleans was captured by the Union on April 25, 1862. The control was enough that it operated within the United States as the legitimate state of Louisiana, electing members to the United States House of Representatives. With both governments being considered legitimate, both lines are included in all lists of governors. The schism ended when the Confederate governor fled and the whole state came under Union control.
16. Shepley was appointed military governor by General Benjamin Butler. ^[109]
17. Allen fled to Mexico to avoid capture following the American Civil War. ^[112]
18. Hahn resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate; however, congressmen from the Confederate states were denied their seats in the 39th United States Congress. ^[115]
19. Wells was removed from office by General Philip Sheridan for failing to properly implement Reconstruction reforms. ^{[120] [121]}
20. Thomas J. Durant was appointed to replace Wells, ^[126] but declined the appointment. ^[127] Flanders was then appointed on June 6 by General Philip Sheridan. ^[127]
21. Flanders resigned due to Major General Winfield Scott Hancock's removing Radical Republicans that Flanders had appointed to positions in state government. ^[125]
22. Baker was appointed by General Winfield Scott Hancock on January 2 to replace Benjamin Flanders, ^[130] though he would not take the oath of office until January 8. ^[131]
23. Baker was removed from office by General Ulysses S. Grant. ^[132]
24. Baker was removed, and Governor-elect Warmoth appointed as replacement, on June 27. ^[132] Warmoth was formally inaugurated on July 13. ^[136]
25. During the 1872 election, Warmoth endorsed John McEnery for governor, and the State Returning Board, which he appointed, declared McEnery the winner. However, a rival board declared William Pitt Kellogg the winner, and the legislature impeached Warmoth on charges related to the election. Impeached officials are suspended from office, so at this time, P. B. S. Pinchback filled the office. The term expired only 35 days later, at which point impeachment charges were dropped, as Warmoth was no longer governor. ^[133]
26. The State Election Board certified McEnery as the winner of the 1872 election; however, a rival board declared Kellogg the winner, and the legislature went with that. Both McEnery and Kellogg declared victory and formed governments, and conflict culminated in the Battle of Liberty Place and the Colfax massacre. President Ulysses S. Grant issued a proclamation on May 22, 1873, declaring Kellogg the winner. ^{[144] [145]}
27. McEnery represented the Democratic Reform and the Liberal Republican Parties. ^[118]
28. Kellogg was instead elected to the United States Senate. ^[146]
29. Much like the 1872 election, this election was disputed. Both Packard and Nicholls declared victory and formed governments, until President Rutherford B. Hayes recognized Nicholls as governor in the Compromise of 1877. ^[150]
30. The 1879 constitution adjusted the election schedule, shortening this term to three years.
31. Under the 1898 constitution, elected governors were ineligible to succeed themselves. ^[168]
32. Under the 1913 constitution, elected governors were ineligible to succeed themselves. ^[186]
33. Under the 1921 constitution, elected governors were ineligible to succeed themselves. ^[195]
34. Long was elected to the United States Senate for a term beginning March 4, 1931; however, he did not take the seat until January 25, 1932. This was in part to prevent Lieutenant Governor Cyr from replacing him as governor. When the senate term began, Cyr took the oath of office as governor and claimed the office; however, Long called this illegitimate, and said that by taking the oath of office of the governor, he had resigned from being lieutenant governor. This opened the way for the president pro tempore of the senate, Alvin Olin King, to become lieutenant governor, and ultimately succeed Long. Cyr continued to claim the office of governor on and off until 1932, but ultimately lacked recognition. ^{[208] [209]}
35. Leche resigned due to a scandal involving mail fraud. ^{[220] [222]}
36. Under a 1966 amendment to the constitution, governors were ineligible for the term immediately after their second successive term. ^[247]
37. Under the 1974 constitution, governors are ineligible to be elected to the succeeding term after they have served more than one and a half terms in two consecutive terms. ^[252]
38. Represented the Democratic Party
39. Edwards was forced into a runoff with fellow Democrat Buddy Roemer, but he withdrew before it occurred, thus giving Roemer the victory.
40. Roemer was elected as a Democrat, and switched to the Republican Party late in his term. ^[258]
41. Represented the Republican Party.
42. Landry's first term will expire on January 10, 2028.

References

General

• "Governors". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
• "Former Louisiana Governors". National Governors Association . Retrieved February 28, 2023.
• Sobel, Robert (1978). Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. II. Meckler Books. ISBN   9780930466008 . Retrieved February 27, 2023.
• McMullin, Thomas A. (1984). Biographical directory of American territorial governors. Westport, CT : Meckler. ISBN   978-0-930466-11-4 . Retrieved January 19, 2023.
• Dubin, Michael J. (2003). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN   978-0-7864-1439-0.
• Dubin, Michael J. (2014). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN   978-0-7864-5646-8.
• Kallenbach, Joseph Ernest (1977). American State Governors, 1776-1976. Oceana Publications. ISBN   978-0-379-00665-0 . Retrieved September 23, 2023.
• Glashan, Roy R. (1979). American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978. Meckler Books. ISBN   978-0-930466-17-6.
• "Louisiana's Constitutions". Law Library of Louisiana . Retrieved March 1, 2023.
• "Our Campaigns - Governor of Louisiana - History". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
• "Our Campaigns - Governor of Louisiana (CSA) - History". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 25, 2023.

Specific

1. Van Zandt, Franklin K. (1976). Boundaries of the United States and the Several States: With Miscellaneous Geographic Information Concerning Areas, Altitudes, and Geographic Centers. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 23–26. OCLC   69426475.
2. 2  Stat.   283
3. 2  Stat.   743
4. McMullin 1984, pp. 283–286.
5. Sobel 1978, pp. 555–556.
6. "William Charles Cole Claiborne". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
7. "William C. C. Claiborne". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
8. "Claiborne, Proclamation to the People of New Orleans, 1803". Humanities Texas. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
9. U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 8th Cong., 2nd sess., 476, accessed March 2, 2023.
10. U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 8th Cong., 2nd sess., 477, accessed March 2, 2023.
11. The Territorial Papers of the United States: Volume I: General. United States Government Publishing Office. 1934. p. 27.
12. U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 9th Cong., 1st sess., 10, accessed March 2, 2023.
13. U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 10th Cong., 2nd sess., 84, accessed March 2, 2023.
14. U.S. Congress. Senate Exec. Journal. 12th Cong., 1st sess., 192, accessed March 2, 2023.
15. 2  Stat.   701
16. "Secession Ordinances of 13 Confederate States". University of Houston. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2015.
17. Constitution for the Provisional Government of the Confederate States of America Archived August 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine , accessed July 8, 2015
18. Bradley, Mark L. (2015). The Army and Reconstruction, 1865-1877 (PDF). United States Army Center of Military History. p. 31. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
19. Act authorizing readmission on ratification of 14th amendment: 15  Stat.   73. Proclamation of Louisiana's ratification: 15  Stat.   704.
20. 1812 Const., art. III, § 2
21. 1812 Const., art. III, § 5
22. 1845 Const., art. 40
23. 1864 Const., art. 45
24. 1879 Const., art. 61
25. LA Const., art. IV, § 3
26. 1812 Const., art. III, § 3
27. 1868 Const., art. 50
28. "none". New Orleans Republican. December 14, 1870. p. 4. Retrieved December 18, 2023. The abrogation of this article renders the Governor of the State eligible for a re-election.
29. 1898 Const., art. 63
30. "Louisiana Constitution of 1974" (PDF). Article IV, section 3. A person who has served as governor for more than one and one-half terms in two consecutive terms shall not be elected governor for the succeeding term.
31. 1812 Const., art III, § 17
32. 1845 Const., art. 38
33. 1845 Const., art. 43
34. 1913 Const., art. 66
35. Sentell, Will (May 8, 2019). "House Says No to Governor, Lieutenant Governor Running on Same Ticket". The Advocate (Louisiana). Retrieved September 27, 2023.
36. 1845 Const., art. 38
37. Brown, Everett Somerville (1920). The Constitutional History of the Louisiana Purchase, 1803-1812. University of California Press. p. 195. Retrieved November 12, 2018.
38. "1812 La. Const. art. III, § 3". www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
39. Kallenbach 1977, pp. 220–223.
40. Sobel 1978, p. 556.
41. "Jacques Philippe Villere". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
42. "Jacques Phillippe Villere". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
43. "Governor Villéré". Louisiana State Gazette. December 18, 1816. p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
44. Sobel 1978, p. 557.
45. "Thomas Bolling Robertson". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
46. "Thomas Bolling Robertson". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
47. "none". Baton-Rouge Gazette. December 30, 1820. p. 1. Retrieved August 28, 2023. Juge [sic] Mathews of the Supreme Court, having administered the oath of office ot Mr. Robertson...
48. Sobel 1978, pp. 557–558.
49. "Henry Schuyler Thibodeaux". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
50. "Henry S. Thibodeaux". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
51. "none". Louisiana State Gazette. November 16, 1824. p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2023. His Excellenecy S. H. Thibodeaux, President of the Senate will perform the duties of governor...
52. Sobel 1978, p. 558.
53. "Henry S. Johnson". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
54. "Henry S. Johnson". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
55. "Speech Delivered by His Excellency H. Johnson". Louisiana State Gazette. December 15, 1824. p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
56. Sobel 1978, pp. 558–559.
57. "Pierre Auguste Charles Bourguignon Derbigny". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
58. "Pierre Auguste Bourguigon Derbigny". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
59. Dubin 2003, p. 82.
60. Sobel 1978, p. 559.
61. "Armand Beauvais". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
62. "Arnaud Julie Beauvais". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
63. "none". Pensacola Gazette. October 27, 1829. p. 3. Retrieved August 28, 2023. ... he will be succeeded by the President of the Senate, which place is now filled by Mr. Arnaud Beauvais, of Point Coupee.
64. Sobel 1978, p. 560.
65. "Jacques Dupre". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
66. "Jacques Dupre". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
67. "Louisiana". Fayetteville Weekly Observer. February 11, 1830. p. 3. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
68. Sobel 1978, pp. 560–561.
69. "Andre Bienvenu Roman". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
70. "Andre Bienvenu Roman". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
71. Sobel 1978, p. 561.
72. "Edward Douglass White". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
73. "Edward Douglass White". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
74. Dubin 2003, p. 83.
75. "Louisiana". The Mississippi Free Trader. February 8, 1839. p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
76. Sobel 1978, p. 562.
77. "Alexandre Mouton". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
78. "Alexandre Mouton". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
79. "Louisiana". Martinsburg Gazette. February 16, 1843. p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
80. Dubin 2003, p. 84.
81. Sobel 1978, pp. 562–563.
82. "Isaac Johnson". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
83. "Isaac Johnson". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
84. "State Legislature". The Times-Picayune. February 13, 1846. p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
85. "1845 La. Const. title III, art. 41". www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
86. Sobel 1978, pp. 563–564.
87. "Joseph Marshall Walker". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
88. "Joseph Marshall Walker". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
89. "The Inauguration". The Daily Delta. January 30, 1850. p. 2. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
90. "1852 La. Const. title III, art. 38". www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
91. White, J. T. (1900). The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography. Vol. 10. p. 77. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
92. "Installation of the Governor". The Times-Picayune. January 21, 1853. p. 1. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
93. Dubin 2003, p. 85.
94. Sobel 1978, p. 564.
95. "Paul Octave Hebert". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
96. "Paul O. Hebert". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
97. Sobel 1978, p. 565.
98. "Robert Wickliffe". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
99. "Robert C. Wickliffe". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
100. "The Inauguration Ceremonies". Baton Rouge Daily Gazette and Comet. January 29, 1856. p. 2. Retrieved March 2, 2023– via Newspapers.com.
101. Dubin 2003, p. 86.
102. Sobel 1978, pp. 565–566.
103. "Thomas Overton Moore". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
104. "Thomas Overton Moore". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
105. "The Inauguration of Governor Moore". The New Orleans Crescent. January 24, 1860. p. 1. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
106. "1861 La. Const. title III, art. 38". www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
107. Sobel 1978, pp. 566–567.
108. "George Foster Shepley". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
109. "Gen. George F. Shepley". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
110. Sobel 1978, pp. 567–568.
111. "Henry Watkins Allen". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
112. "Henry Watkins Allen". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
113. "none". Shreveport Semi-Weekly News. February 9, 1864. p. 2. Retrieved August 29, 2023. The oath of office was then administered ... to Henry W. Allen, Governor elect...
114. Sobel 1978, pp. 568–569.
115. "Michael Hahn". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
116. "Michael Hahn". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
117. "Inauguration Ceremonies". The Daily True Delta. March 5, 1864. p. 1. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
118. Glashan 1979, p. 116.
119. Sobel 1978, p. 569.
120. "James Madison Wells". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
121. "James Madison Wells". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
122. "Inauguration of Gov. Wells". The Times-Picayune. March 5, 1865. p. 1. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
123. Sobel 1978, pp. 569–570.
124. "Benjamin Franklin Flanders". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
125. "Benjamin Franklin Flanders". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
126. "Removal of Gov. Wells". New Orleans Republican. June 4, 1867. p. 1. Retrieved July 3, 2019– via Newspapers.com.
127. "The Governor Question". New Orleans Republican. June 7, 1867. p. 1. Retrieved July 3, 2019– via Newspapers.com.
128. Sobel 1978, pp. 570–571.
129. "Joshua Baker". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
130. "Joshua Baker". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
131. McPherson, Edward (1868). A Political Manual for 1868. Philip & Solomons. p.  325 . Retrieved July 3, 2019.
132. "Important Military Order". New Orleans Republican. June 28, 1868. p. 1. Retrieved July 3, 2019– via Newspapers.com.
133. Sobel 1978, pp. 571–572.
134. "Henry Clay Warmoth". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
135. "Henry Clay Warmoth". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
136. "Louisiana Legislature". The Times-Picayune. July 13, 1868. p. 1. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
137. Sobel 1978, p. 572.
138. "Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
139. "P. B. S. Pinchback". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
140. "Lieutenant Governor Pinchback Assumes the Executive Chair". New Orleans Republican. December 10, 1872. p. 4. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
141. "John McEnery". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
142. "John McEnery". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
143. "Inauguration of the Two Governors, McEnery and Kellogg". New York Daily Herald. January 14, 1873. p. 7. Retrieved August 29, 2023.
144. "William Pitt Kellogg is officially named Governor of Louisiana by President Grant". University of Richmond . Retrieved November 13, 2018.
145. "Statutes of the United States of America passed at the First Session of the Forty-Third Congress". United States Government Printing Office. 1874. p. 293. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
146. Sobel 1978, p. 573.
147. "William Pitt Kellogg". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
148. "William Pitt Kellogg". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
149. "The Inauguration". The Times. January 9, 1877. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
150. Kelman, Ari (April 24, 2008). "The Surrender Complete". The New York Times . Retrieved November 13, 2018.
151. Sobel 1978, pp. 573–574.
152. "Francis Redding Tillou Nicholls". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
153. "Francis T. Nicholls". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
154. Sobel 1978, pp. 574–575.
155. "Louis Aflred Wiltz". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
156. "Louis Alfred Wiltz". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
157. "Editorial Correspondence". Louisiana Capitolian. January 17, 1880. p. 2. Retrieved July 4, 2019– via Newspapers.com.
158. Sobel 1978, p. 575.
159. "Samuel Douglas McEnery". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
160. "Samuel Douglas McEnery". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
161. "Death of Gov. Wiltz". The Times. October 18, 1881. p. 4. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
162. "Francis T. Nicholls - His Nomination Assured". Bossier Banner-Progress. Associated Press. January 12, 1888. p. 2. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
163. "Inaugurated in Great Style". Omaha Daily World-Herald. May 21, 1888. p. 1. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
164. Sobel 1978, p. 576.
165. "Murphy James Foster". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
166. "Murphy James Foster". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
167. "The Inauguration". The Times-Picayune. May 17, 1892. p. 1. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
168. "1898 La. Const. art. 63". www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
169. Glashan 1979, p. 117.
170. Sobel 1978, p. 577.
171. "William Wright Heard". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
172. "William Wright Heard". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
173. "Heard Is Now Governor". The Times-Picayune. May 22, 1900. p. 1. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
174. Sobel 1978, pp. 577–578.
175. "Newton Crain Blanchard". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
176. "Newton C. Blanchard". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
177. "Louisiana's New Executive Takes Oath". The Shreveport Journal. May 16, 1904. p. 1. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
178. Sobel 1978, pp. 578–579.
179. "Jared Young Sanders". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
180. "Jared Y. Sanders". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
181. "Sanders Now Governor". The Times-Democrat. May 19, 1908. p. 1. Retrieved March 3, 2023.
182. Sobel 1978, pp. 579–580.
183. "Luther Egbert Hall". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
184. "Luther E. Hall". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
185. "The Inaugural Ceremonies". The Monroe News-Star. May 20, 1912. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
186. "1913 La. Const. art. 63". www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
187. Sobel 1978, p. 580.
188. "Ruffin G. Pleasant". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
189. "Ruffin G. Pleasant". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
190. Harris, T. O. (May 15, 1916). "Pleasant Inaugurated Louisiana Governor". The Shreveport Journal. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
191. Sobel 1978, pp. 580–581.
192. "John Milliken Parker". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
193. "John M. Parker". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
194. "Fair Skies and Great Crowd Greets Inauguration of Parker As Governor of Louisiana". The Daily Advertiser. United Press. May 17, 1920. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
195. "1921 La. Const. art. V, § 3". www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
196. Sobel 1978, pp. 581–582.
197. "Henry L. Fuqua". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
198. "Henry L. Fuqua". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
199. "Fuqua Inducted Into Office". The Shreveport Journal. May 19, 1924. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
200. Sobel 1978, p. 582.
201. "Oramel Hinckley Simpson". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
202. "Oramel H. Simpson". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
203. "Simpson Takes Oath As Governor of State Before Justice O'Neill". The Times. Associated Press. October 12, 1926. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
204. Sobel 1978, pp. 582–583.
205. "Huey Pierce Long". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
206. "Huey P. Long". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
207. "Huey P. Long Inaugurated". The Town Talk. Associated Press. May 21, 1928. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
208. "Alvin Olin King". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
209. "Alvin O. King". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
210. Sobel 1978, pp. 583–584.
211. "King Takes Oath As Governor; Cyr To Consult Lawyers". The Town Talk. Associated Press. January 25, 1932. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
212. Sobel 1978, pp. 584–585.
213. "Oscar Kelly Allen". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
214. "Oscar K. Allen". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
215. "O. K. Allen Is Inaugurated As Governor". The Times. Associated Press. May 17, 1932. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
216. Sobel 1978, p. 585.
217. "James Albert Noe". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
218. "James A. Noe". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
219. "Noe Takes Oath As Governor". The Times. Associated Press. January 29, 1936. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
220. Sobel 1978, pp. 585–586.
221. "Richard Webster Leche". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
222. "Richard W. Leche". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
223. "Throngs Cheer New Governor". The Times. Associated Press. May 13, 1936. p. 1. Retrieved August 30, 2023.
224. Sobel 1978, pp. 586–587.
225. "Earl Kemp Long". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
226. "Earl K. Long". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
227. "Earl K. Long New Governor of Louisiana". The Jena Times. June 29, 1939. p. 1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
228. Sobel 1978, pp. 587–588.
229. "Sam Houston Jones". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
230. "Sam H. Jones". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
231. "Jones Pledges True Democracy in State; Will Wreck Machine". The Times. Associated Press. May 15, 1940. p. 1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
232. Sobel 1978, p. 588.
233. "James Houston Davis". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
234. "Jimmie H. Davis". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
235. Ewing, Don M. (May 10, 1944). "Jimmie Davis Becomes Governor of Louisiana in Quiet Inauguration". The Times. p. 1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
236. Shepherd, F. E. (May 12, 1948). "'Every Man a King,' Long Tells Cheering Inauguration Crowd". The Times. p. 1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
237. Sobel 1978, p. 589.
238. "Robert Floyd Kennon". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
239. "Robert F. Kennon". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
240. Shepherd, F. E. (May 14, 1952). "Kennon Sworn In As State's 51st Governor". The Times. p. 1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
241. "Gov. Long Is Inaugurated". The Town Talk. United Press. May 15, 1956. p. 1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
242. Lynch, Bill (May 11, 1960). "Davis Takes Oath of Office". The Times. p. 1A. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
243. Sobel 1978, p. 590.
244. "John Julian McKeithen". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
245. "John J, McKeithen". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
246. Lynch, Bill (May 13, 1964). "McKeithen Takes Office As State's 54th Governor". The Times. p. 1A. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
247. "Governor Gains in Strength". Lake Charles American-Press. AP. November 10, 1966. p. 5. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
248. Sobel 1978, pp. 590–591.
249. "Edwin Washington Edwards". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
250. "Edwin W. Edwards". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
251. Mitchell, H. I. (May 10, 1972). "Inaugural Tremendous Event". The Crowley Post-Signal. p. 1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
252. "La. Const. art. IV, § 3". www.stateconstitutions.umd.edu. Retrieved December 18, 2023.
253. "David C. Treen". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
254. "David C. Treen". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
255. Crider, Bill (March 11, 1980). "Gov. Treen Bids Edwards Adieu". The Times. Associated Press. p. 4A. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
256. Morgan, Robert (March 13, 1984). "Edwards Begins Term Stressing Fiscal Woes". The Town Talk. p. A1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
257. "Buddy Elson Roemer". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
258. "Charles E. "Buddy" Roemer, III". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
259. May, Frank (March 15, 1988). "War Declared on Ignorance, Racism, Misery". The Times. p. 1. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
260. "Edwards, Others Move In". The Times. January 14, 1992. p. 1A. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
261. "Mike Foster". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
262. "Murphy J. "Mike" Foster". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
263. Hill, John; Cooper, Brad (January 9, 1996). "Foster Sworn In As Louisiana's 53rd Governor". The Times. p. 1A. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
264. "Kathleen Babineaux Blanco". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
265. "Kathleen Babineaux Blanco". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
266. Rom, Louis; Hill, John (January 13, 2004). "Gov Kathleen Blanco Calls on State's 'Greatness'". The Times. p. 1A. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
267. "Bobby Jindal". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
268. "Bobby Jindal". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
269. "'A Clean Break' – Jindal Takes Office Vowing To Bring Change and Calling Displaced Louisianans Home Again". The News-Star. Associated Press. January 15, 2008. p. 1A. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
270. "John Bel Edwards". National Governors Association . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
271. "John Bel Edwards". Secretary of State of Louisiana . Retrieved March 2, 2023.
272. Hilburn, Greg (January 12, 2016). "Edwards Pledges To Solve State's Fiscal Crisis". The Times. p. 1A. Retrieved August 31, 2023.
273. "Jeff Landry". National Governors Association . Retrieved January 8, 2024.
274. Cline, Sara (January 7, 2024). "Louisiana Gov.-elect Jeff Landry has been inaugurated, returning the state's highest office to GOP". Associated Press. AP. Retrieved January 8, 2024.

External links

• Office of the Governor of Louisiana