List of governors of Virginia

The governor of Virginia is the state's head of government and commander-in-chief of the state's official national guard. The first Constitution of 1776 created the office of governor, to be elected annually by the Virginia State Legislature. The governor could serve up to three years at a time, and once out of office, could not serve again for four years. ^[1] The 1830 constitution changed the thrice-renewable one-year term length to a non-renewable three-year term, and set the start date at the first day in January following an election. ^[2] This constitution also prevented governors from succeeding themselves, a prohibition that exists to the present day. ^[3] The 1851 Constitution increased terms to four years ^[4] and made the office elected by the people, rather than the legislature. ^[5] The commencement of the Governor's term was moved to the first day in February by the 1902 Constitution, ^[6] and then to the Saturday after the second Wednesday in January by the 1971 and current Constitution. ^[7]

If the office of governor is vacant due to death, impeachment and disqualification, or resignation, the lieutenant governor of Virginia becomes governor. ^[8] The office of lieutenant governor was created in 1851. ^[9] Prior to that a Council of State existed; it chose from among its members a president who would be "lieutenant-governor" and would act as governor when there was a vacancy in that office. ^{[1] [10]} The governor and the lieutenant governor are elected at the same time but not on the same ticket. Officially, there have been 74 governors of Virginia; the acting governors are not counted.

Governors

For the period before independence, see List of colonial governors of Virginia.

Virginia was one of the original Thirteen Colonies and was admitted as a state on June 25, 1788. ^[11] Before it declared its independence, Virginia was a colony of the Kingdom of Great Britain. It seceded from the Union on April 17, 1861, ^[12] and was admitted to the Confederate States of America on May 7, 1861. ^[13] Following the end of the American Civil War, Virginia during Reconstruction constituted the First Military District, which exerted some control over governor appointments and elections. Virginia was readmitted to the Union on January 26, 1870. ^[14]

The federal government recognized the Restored Government of Virginia, based in Wheeling, as the legitimate government in Virginia on June 25, 1861. It elected its own slate of governors, and after West Virginia was split from Virginia on June 20, 1863, the restored government relocated to Alexandria.

Governors of the Commonwealth of Virginia

No.	Governor			Term in office	Party	Election	Lt. Governor [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 2]
1			Patrick Henry (1736–1799) [15]	July 6, 1776 [16] – June 1, 1779 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	None [18]	1776	Office did not exist
						1777
						1778
2			Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826) [19]	June 1, 1779 [20] – June 4, 1781 (did not run)	None [18]	1779
						1780
3			William Fleming (1727–1795) [21]	June 4, 1781 [22] – June 12, 1781 (did not run)	None [18]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting [lower-alpha 4]
4			Thomas Nelson Jr. (1738–1789) [25]	June 12, 1781 [24] – November 22, 1781 (resigned) [lower-alpha 5]	None [18]	1781 (special)
–			David Jameson (1723–1793) [26]	November 22, 1781 [27] – December 1, 1781 (did not run)	None [18]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting
5			Benjamin Harrison V (1726–1791) [28]	December 1, 1781 [27] – November 30, 1784 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	None [18]	1781
						1782
						1783
6			Patrick Henry (1736–1799) [15]	November 30, 1784 [29] – November 30, 1786 (did not run)	None [18]	1784
						1785
7			Edmund Randolph (1753–1813) [30]	November 30, 1786 [31] – November 12, 1788 (resigned) [lower-alpha 6]	None [18]	1786
						1787
8			Beverley Randolph (1754–1797) [34] [35]	November 12, 1788 [29] – December 1, 1791 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	None [18]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting
						1788
						1789
						1790
9			Henry Lee III (1756–1818) [36] [37]	December 1, 1791 [29] – December 1, 1794 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	Federalist [23]	1791
						1792
						1793
10			Robert Brooke (d. 1800) [38] [39]	December 1, 1794 [29] – November 30, 1796 (resigned) [lower-alpha 7]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1794
						1795
11			James Wood (1741–1813) [40] [41]	November 30, 1796 [29] – December 19, 1799 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 8] [lower-alpha 3]	Democratic- Republican [40]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting
						1796
						1797
						1798
12			James Monroe (1758–1831) [46] [47]	December 19, 1799 [48] – December 29, 1802 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1799
						1800
						1801
13			John Page (1743–1808) [49] [50]	December 29, 1802 [29] – December 11, 1805 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1802
						1803
						1804
14			William H. Cabell (1772–1853) [51] [52]	December 11, 1805 [29] – December 12, 1808 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1805
						1806
						1807
15			John Tyler Sr. (1747–1813) [53] [54]	December 12, 1808 [29] – January 15, 1811 (resigned) [lower-alpha 9]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1808
						1809
						1810
—			George William Smith (1762–1811) [55] [56]	January 15, 1811 [29] – January 19, 1811 (lost election)	Democratic- Republican [23]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting
16			James Monroe (1758–1831) [46] [47]	January 19, 1811 [29] – April 3, 1811 (resigned) [lower-alpha 10]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1811 (special)
17			George William Smith (1762–1811) [55] [56]	April 3, 1811 [29] – December 26, 1811 (died in office)	Democratic- Republican [23]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting
						1811
—			Peyton Randolph (1779–1828) [57] [58]	December 26, 1811 [29] – January 4, 1812 (successor took office)	Democratic- Republican [23]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting
18			James Barbour (1775–1842) [59] [60]	January 4, 1812 [29] – December 11, 1814 (did not run)	Democratic- Republican [23]	Jan. 1812
						1812
						1813
19			Wilson Cary Nicholas (1761–1820) [61] [62]	December 11, 1814 [29] – December 11, 1816 (did not run)	Democratic- Republican [23]	1814
						1815
20			James Patton Preston (1774–1843) [63] [64]	December 11, 1816 [29] – December 11, 1819 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1816
						1817
						1818
21			Thomas Mann Randolph Jr. (1768–1828) [65] [66]	December 11, 1819 [29] – December 11, 1822 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1819
						1820
						1821
22			James Pleasants (1769–1836) [67] [68]	December 11, 1822 [29] – December 11, 1825 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1822
						1823
						1824
23			John Tyler (1790–1862) [69] [70]	December 11, 1825 [29] – March 4, 1827 (resigned) [lower-alpha 11]	Democratic- Republican [23]	1825
24			William Branch Giles (1762–1830) [71] [72]	March 4, 1827 [29] – March 4, 1830 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 3]	Democratic- Republican [lower-alpha 12]	1827
						1828
						1829
25			John Floyd (1783–1837) [74] [75]	March 4, 1830 [29] – March 31, 1834 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 13]	Democratic [74]	1830
						1831
26			Littleton Waller Tazewell (1774–1860) [77] [78]	March 31, 1834 [29] – March 30, 1836 (resigned) [lower-alpha 14]	Democratic [77]	1834
—			Wyndham Robertson (1803–1888) [79] [80]	March 30, 1836 [29] – March 31, 1837 (successor took office)	Whig [lower-alpha 15]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting
27			David Campbell (1779–1859) [81] [82]	March 31, 1837 [29] – March 31, 1840 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 13]	Democratic [lower-alpha 16]	1837
28			Thomas Walker Gilmer (1802–1844) [83] [84]	March 31, 1840 [29] – March 20, 1841 (resigned) [lower-alpha 17]	Whig [83]	1840
—			John M. Patton (1797–1858) [85] [86]	March 20, 1841 [29] – March 31, 1841 (successor took office)	Whig [85]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting [lower-alpha 18]
—			John Rutherfoord (1792–1866) [87] [88]	March 31, 1841 [29] – March 31, 1842 (successor took office)	Democratic [87]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting [lower-alpha 18]
—			John Munford Gregory (1804–1884) [89] [90]	March 31, 1842 [29] – January 5, 1843 (successor took office)	Whig [89]	Senior member of Governor's Council acting [lower-alpha 18]
29			James McDowell (1775–1851) [91] [92]	January 5, 1843 [29] – January 1, 1846 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 13]	Democratic [91]	1842
30			William Smith (1797–1887) [93] [94]	January 1, 1846 [29] – January 1, 1849 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 13]	Democratic [23]	1845
31			John B. Floyd (1806–1863) [95] [96]	January 1, 1849 [97] – January 1, 1852 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 13]	Democratic [23]	1848
32			Joseph Johnson (1785–1877) [98] [99]	January 1, 1852 [100] – January 1, 1856 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 19]	Democratic [23]	1851		Shelton Leake
33			Henry A. Wise (1806–1876) [102] [103]	January 1, 1856 [104] – January 1, 1860 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 19]	Democratic [23]	1855		Elisha W. McComas (resigned December 7, 1857)
								William Lowther Jackson
34			John Letcher (1813–1884) [105] [106]	January 1, 1860 [29] – January 1, 1864 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 19]	Democratic [23]	1859 [lower-alpha 20]		Robert Latane Montague
—			William Smith (1797–1887) [93] [94]	January 1, 1864 [29] – May 9, 1865 (government disestablished) [lower-alpha 21]	Democratic [23]	1863 (Confederate) [lower-alpha 20]		Samuel Price
35			Francis Harrison Pierpont (1814–1889) [108]	June 20, 1861 [109] – April 4, 1868 (removed) [lower-alpha 22]	Union [23]	1861 (Union) [lower-alpha 20]		Daniel Polsley
							Vacant
						1863 (Union) [lower-alpha 20]		Leopold Copeland Parker Cowper
—			Henry H. Wells (1823–1900) [110] [111]	April 4, 1868 [112] – September 21, 1869 (resigned) [lower-alpha 23]	Military occupation		Vacant
36			Gilbert Carlton Walker (1833–1885) [113] [114]	September 21, 1869 [115] – January 1, 1874 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 24]	Installed by military occupation			John F. Lewis
					Republican [lower-alpha 25]	1869		John Lawrence Marye Jr. [lower-alpha 26]
37			James L. Kemper (1823–1895) [117] [118]	January 1, 1874 [119] – January 1, 1878 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 27]	Democratic [23]	1873		Robert E. Withers (resigned March 1, 1875)
								Henry Wirtz Thomas [lower-alpha 28]
38			Frederick W. M. Holliday (1828–1899) [121] [122]	January 1, 1878 [123] – January 1, 1882 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 27]	Democratic [23]	1877		James A. Walker
39			William E. Cameron (1842–1927) [124] [125]	January 1, 1882 [lower-alpha 29] – January 1, 1886 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 27]	Readjuster [23]	1881		John F. Lewis [lower-alpha 28]
40			Fitzhugh Lee (1835–1905) [127] [128]	January 1, 1886 [129] – January 1, 1890 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 27]	Democratic [23]	1885		John E. Massey
41			Philip W. McKinney (1832–1899) [130] [131]	January 1, 1890 [132] – January 1, 1894 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 27]	Democratic [23]	1889		James H. Tyler
42			Charles Triplett O'Ferrall (1840–1905) [133] [134]	January 1, 1894 [135] – January 1, 1898 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 27]	Democratic [23]	1893		Robert C. Kent
43			James Hoge Tyler (1846–1925) [136] [137]	January 1, 1898 [138] – January 1, 1902 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 27]	Democratic [23]	1897		Edward Echols
44			Andrew Jackson Montague (1862–1937) [139] [140]	January 1, 1902 [141] – February 1, 1906 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1901		Joseph Edward Willard
45			Claude A. Swanson (1862–1939) [143] [144]	February 1, 1906 [145] – February 1, 1910 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1905		James Taylor Ellyson
46			William Hodges Mann (1843–1927) [146] [147]	February 1, 1910 [148] – February 1, 1914 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1909
47			Henry Carter Stuart (1855–1933) [149] [150]	February 1, 1914 [lower-alpha 31] – February 1, 1918 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1913
48			Westmoreland Davis (1859–1942) [152] [153]	February 1, 1918 [154] – February 1, 1922 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1917		Benjamin Franklin Buchanan
49			Elbert Lee Trinkle (1876–1939) [155] [156]	February 1, 1922 [157] – February 1, 1926 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1921		Junius Edgar West
50			Harry F. Byrd (1887–1966) [158] [159]	February 1, 1926 [160] – January 15, 1930 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1925
51			John Garland Pollard (1871–1937) [161] [162]	January 15, 1930 [163] – January 16, 1934 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1929		James Hubert Price
52			George C. Peery (1873–1952) [164] [165]	January 17, 1934 [166] – January 18, 1938 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1933
53			James Hubert Price (1878–1943) [167] [168]	January 19, 1938 [169] – January 20, 1942 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1937		Saxon W. Holt (died March 31, 1940)
							Vacant
54			Colgate Darden (1897–1981) [170] [171]	January 21, 1942 [172] – January 15, 1946 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1941		William M. Tuck
55			William M. Tuck (1896–1983) [173] [174]	January 16, 1946 [175] – January 17, 1950 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1945		Lewis Preston Collins II (died September 20, 1952)
56			John S. Battle (1890–1972) [176] [177]	January 18, 1950 [178] – January 19, 1954 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1949
							Vacant
								Allie Edward Stakes Stephens (elected December 2, 1952)
57			Thomas B. Stanley (1890–1970) [179] [180]	January 20, 1954 [181] – January 11, 1958 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1953
58			J. Lindsay Almond (1898–1986) [182] [183]	January 11, 1958 [184] – January 13, 1962 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1957
59			Albertis Harrison (1907–1995) [185] [186]	January 13, 1962 [187] – January 15, 1966 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1961		Mills Godwin
60			Mills Godwin (1914–1999) [188] [189]	January 15, 1966 [190] – January 17, 1970 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 30]	Democratic [23]	1965		Fred G. Pollard
61			Linwood Holton (1923–2021) [191] [192]	January 17, 1970 [193] – January 12, 1974 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Republican [23]	1969		J. Sargeant Reynolds [lower-alpha 33] (died June 13, 1971)
							Vacant
								Henry Howell [lower-alpha 33] (elected December 4, 1971)
62			Mills Godwin (1914–1999) [188] [189]	January 12, 1974 [195] – January 14, 1978 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Republican [23]	1973		John N. Dalton
63			John N. Dalton (1931–1986) [196] [197]	January 14, 1978 [198] – January 16, 1982 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Republican [197]	1977		Chuck Robb [lower-alpha 33]
64			Chuck Robb (b. 1939) [199]	January 16, 1982 [200] – January 11, 1986 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Democratic [199]	1981		Gerald L. Baliles
65			Gerald Baliles (1940–2019) [201]	January 11, 1986 [202] – January 13, 1990 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Democratic [201]	1985		Douglas Wilder
66			Douglas Wilder (b. 1931) [203]	January 13, 1990 [204] – January 15, 1994 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Democratic [203]	1989		Don Beyer [lower-alpha 33]
67			George Allen (b. 1952) [205]	January 15, 1994 [206] – January 17, 1998 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Republican [205]	1993
68			Jim Gilmore (b. 1949) [207]	January 17, 1998 [208] – January 12, 2002 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Republican [207]	1997		John H. Hager
69			Mark Warner (b. 1954) [209]	January 12, 2002 [210] – January 14, 2006 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Democratic [209]	2001		Tim Kaine
70			Tim Kaine (b. 1958) [211]	January 14, 2006 [212] – January 16, 2010 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Democratic [211]	2005		Bill Bolling [lower-alpha 28]
71			Bob McDonnell (b. 1954) [213]	January 16, 2010 [214] – January 11, 2014 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Republican [213]	2009
72			Terry McAuliffe (b. 1957) [215]	January 11, 2014 [216] – January 13, 2018 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Democratic [215]	2013		Ralph Northam
73			Ralph Northam (b. 1959) [217]	January 13, 2018 [218] – January 15, 2022 (term-limited) [lower-alpha 32]	Democratic [217]	2017		Justin Fairfax
74			Glenn Youngkin (b. 1966) [219]	January 15, 2022 [220] – Incumbent [lower-alpha 34]	Republican [219]	2021		Winsome Sears

See also

• Gubernatorial lines of succession in the United States#Virginia
• List of Virginia state legislatures
• First ladies of Virginia

Notes

1. The office of lieutenant governor was created in 1851 and first filled in 1852.
2. Lieutenant governors represented the same party as their governor unless noted.
3. Under the 1776 constitution, governors were ineligible to serve longer than three years successively. ^[17]
4. Jefferson refused re-election and left office at the end of his term. As the legislature had not yet elected a successor, due in part to chaos stemming from the Raid on Richmond, Fleming acted as governor until the next election. ^{[21] [23] [24]}
5. Nelson resigned due to ill health. ^[23]
6. Randolph resigned to serve in the Virginia House of Delegates and promote the United States Constitution there. ^{[32] [33] [29]}
7. Brooke resigned, having been elected Attorney General of Virginia. ^[29]
8. Many sources say that Hardin Burnley acted as governor, either from February 7, 1799, ^[42] or December 7, ^[43] serving until he resigned due to poor health on December 11, ^[44] at which time John Pendleton Jr. took over as acting governor ^[45] until Monroe became governor on December 19. However, details of their terms are sparse and it's unknown how official their capacity was, and Sobel's entry on Wood mentions no acting governors and says that he left office on December 19. ^[40]
9. Tyler resigned, having been confirmed to the United States District Court for the District of Virginia. ^[53]
10. Monroe resigned, having been appointed United States Secretary of State. ^[47]
11. Tyler resigned, having been elected to the United States Senate. ^[69]
12. Giles is labeled a Democrat by Dubin ^[73] and Sobel, ^[71] and a Democratic-Republican by Glashan ^[18] and Kallenbach. ^[23]
13. Under the 1830 constitution, governors were ineligible to serve again until three years after their term. ^[76]
14. Tazewell resigned over disagreements with the General Assembly. ^[77]
15. Robertson is labeled a State's Rights Democrat by Kallenbach, ^[23] a Democrat by Glashan, ^[18] and a Whig by Sobel. ^[79]
16. Campbell is labeled a Whig by Glashan ^[18] and Kallenbach, ^[23] and a Democrat by Dubin ^[73] and Sobel. ^[81]
17. Gilmer resigned, having been elected to the United States House of Representatives for a term beginning March 4, 1841; he delayed his resignation two weeks, finally resigning due to a disagreement with the General Assembly on extradition. ^[83]
18. After Gilmer's resignation, Patton acted as governor until the election, but the General Assembly failed to elect a successor, so the senior members of the Governor's Council each acted as governor for a year. ^[23]
19. Under the 1851 constitution, governors were ineligible to succeed themselves. ^[101]
20. Virginia proclaimed its secession from the Union on April 17, 1861. In response, delegates from the northwestern counties assembled at Wheeling and formed the Restored Government of Virginia, which the federal government recognized as the legitimate government of Virginia on June 25, 1861. It operated a government, including state and federal elections, over the northwestern part of the state, the counties immediately around Washington, D.C., and the eastern shore. On June 20, 1863, the northwestern counties were split into their own state, West Virginia, and the Restored Government relocated to Alexandria, and after the fall of Richmond, the government relocated to Richmond to be the sole state government.
21. President Andrew Johnson issued an executive order on May 9, 1865, proclaiming that the state government run by Letcher and Smith had been illegitimate as of April 17, 1861, and that Pierpont was the legitimate governor. ^[107] Smith continued to attempt to claim the office until May 20. ^[29]
22. The Reconstruction Acts placed Virginia under full military control, and General John Schofield appointed Wells provisional governor. ^[110]
23. Wells was ordered to resign by General Edward Canby, who appointed Walker (who had already won election) in his place.
24. Under the 1864 constitution, governors were ineligible to succeed themselves. ^[116]
25. Walker ran in 1869 as a "Conservative Republican" ^[23] to differentiate from his opponent who was running as a Radical Republican. ^[113]
26. Represented the Conservative Party
27. Under the 1870 constitution, governors were ineligible to succeed themselves. ^[120]
28. Represented the Republican Party
29. The constitutional start date of the gubernatorial term was January 1, with no requirement for an oath; Cameron was not sworn in until January 2, presumably because January 1 was a Sunday. ^[126]
30. Under the 1902 constitution, governors were ineligible to succeed themselves. ^[142]
31. The constitutional start date of the gubernatorial term was February 1, with no requirement for an oath; Stuart was not sworn in until February 2, presumably because February 1 was a Sunday. ^[151]
32. Under the 1971 constitution, governors are ineligible to succeed themselves. ^[194]
33. Represented the Democratic Party
34. Youngkin's term will expire on January 17, 2026; he will be term-limited.

References

General

• "Former Virginia Governors". National Governors Association. Retrieved July 16, 2023.
• Sobel, Robert (1978). Biographical directory of the governors of the United States, 1789-1978, Vol. IV. Meckler Books. ISBN   9780930466008 . Retrieved June 13, 2023.
• Dubin, Michael J. (2003). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN   978-0-7864-1439-0.
• Dubin, Michael J. (2014). United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1861-1911: The Official Results by State and County. McFarland. ISBN   978-0-7864-5646-8.
• Kallenbach, Joseph Ernest (1977). American State Governors, 1776-1976. Oceana Publications. ISBN   978-0-379-00665-0 . Retrieved September 23, 2023.
• Glashan, Roy R. (1979). American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978. Meckler Books. ISBN   978-0-930466-17-6.
• "Our Campaigns - Governor of Virginia - History". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 25, 2023.
• "Our Campaigns - Governor of Virginia (CSA) - History". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved July 25, 2023.

Specific

1. 1776 Const.
2. 1830 Const. Art IV section 1.
3. VA Const. Art V sec 1
4. 1851 Const. art V section 1.
5. 1851 Const. Art V section 2.
6. 1902 Const. Art V section 69.
7. VA Const. art V section 1.
8. VA Const. Art V section 16.
9. 1851 Const. art V section 8.
10. 1830 Const. art IV section 5.
11. "Ratification of the Constitution by the State of Virginia; June 26, 1788". The Avalon Project at Yale Law School. Archived from the original on August 22, 2015. Retrieved October 31, 2015.
12. "Secession Ordinances of 13 Confederate States". University of Houston. Archived from the original on September 5, 2015. Retrieved May 24, 2015.
13. An Act to admit the Commonwealth of Virginia as a member of the Confederate States of America Archived August 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine , accessed July 8, 2015
14. 16  Stat.   62
15. "Patrick Henry". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
16. "Fifth Virginia Revolutionary Convention Elected Patrick Henry Governor, June 29, 1776". edu.lva.virginia.gov. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
17. "1776 Va. Const" . Retrieved December 20, 2023.
18. Glashan 1979, p. 322.
19. "Thomas Jefferson". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
20. "Thomas Jefferson's Election to Governor; an excerpt from the Journal of the House of Delegates (June 1, 1779)". Encyclopedia Virginia. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
21. "William Fleming". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
22. "Jack Jouett's Ride (1781)". Encyclopedia Virginia. Retrieved July 18, 2023.
23. Kallenbach 1977, pp. 613–616.
24. "Governor of Virginia". Monticello. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
25. "Thomas Nelson". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
26. "David Jameson". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
27. History, The Hornbook of Virginia. "Governors of Virginia". Encyclopedia Virginia. Retrieved July 17, 2023.
28. "Benjamin Harrison". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
29. Virginia (1918). A Register of the General Assembly of Virginia 1776-1918 and of the Constitutional Conventions. pp. viii–ix.
30. "Edmund Randolph". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
31. "Richmond, (Virginia) Nov. 9". Hartford Courant. December 4, 1786. p. 4. Retrieved July 18, 2023.
32. "New York, November 28". Hartford Courant. December 8, 1788. p. 3. Retrieved July 18, 2023.
33. "Edmund Randolph". George Washington's Mount Vernon. Retrieved July 18, 2023.
34. Sobel 1978, p. 1623.
35. "Beverley Randolph". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
36. Sobel 1978, pp. 1623–1624.
37. "Henry Lee". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
38. Sobel 1978, pp. 1624–1625.
39. "Robert Brooke". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
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41. "James Wood". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
42. Dicken, Emma (1946). Our Burnley ancestors and allied families / compiled by Emma Dicken. New York : Hobson Book Press, 1946.
43. “From James Madison to James Monroe, 21 March 1785,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Madison/01-08-02-0137. [Original source: The Papers of James Madison, vol. 8, 10 March 1784 – 28 March 1786, ed. Robert A. Rutland and William M. E. Rachal. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1973, pp. 255–257.] Accessed July 17, 2023
44. "Hardin Burnley". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
45. "John Pendleton". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
46. Sobel 1978, pp. 1626–1627.
47. "James Monroe". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
48. "none". Weekly Raleigh Register. December 31, 1799. p. 3. Retrieved July 18, 2023. On the 19th inst. his Excellenecy James Monroe, Esq., qualified as Governor of the state of Virginia...
49. Sobel 1978, pp. 1627–1628.
50. "John Page". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
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52. "William Henry Cabell". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
53. Sobel 1978, pp. 1628–1629.
54. "John Tyler Sr". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
55. Sobel 1978, pp. 1629–1630.
56. "George William Smith". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
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58. "Peyton Randolph". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
59. Sobel 1978, pp. 1630–1631.
60. "James Barbour". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
61. Sobel 1978, pp. 1631–1632.
62. "Wilson Cary Nicholas". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
63. Sobel 1978, p. 1632.
64. "James Patton Preston". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
65. Sobel 1978, pp. 1632–1633.
66. "Thomas Mann Randolph". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
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68. "James Pleasants". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
69. Sobel 1978, pp. 1634–1635.
70. "John Tyler Jr". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
71. Sobel 1978, pp. 1635–1636.
72. "William Branch Giles". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
73. Dubin 2003, p. 283.
74. Sobel 1978, p. 1636.
75. "John Floyd Sr". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
76. "1830 Va. Const. art. IV, § 1" . Retrieved December 20, 2023.
77. Sobel 1978, pp. 1636–1637.
78. "Littleton Waller Tazewell". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
79. Sobel 1978, pp. 1637–1638.
80. "Wyndham Robertson". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
81. Sobel 1978, p. 1638.
82. "David Campbell". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
83. Sobel 1978, pp. 1638–1639.
84. "Thomas Walker Gilmer". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
85. Sobel 1978, p. 1639.
86. "John Mercer Patton". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
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88. "John Rutherfoord". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
89. Sobel 1978, pp. 1640–1641.
90. "John Munford Gregory". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
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92. "James McDowell". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
93. Sobel 1978, pp. 1641–1642.
94. "William Smith". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
95. Sobel 1978, p. 1643.
96. "John Buchanan Floyd Jr". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 17, 2023.
97. "Virginia Legislature". Alexandria Gazette. January 2, 1849. p. 2. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
98. Sobel 1978, pp. 1643–1644.
99. "Joseph Johnson". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
100. "none". Richmond Enquirer. January 2, 1852. p. 2. Retrieved July 19, 2023. Governor Floyd's term expired on Wednesday, and yesterday, at 12 M., Governor Joseph Johnson appeared at the Council Chamber... when the oaths of office, required to be taken by a Governor of the Commonwealth, were administered to Governor Johnson.
101. "1851 Va. Const. art. V, § 1" . Retrieved December 20, 2023.
102. Sobel 1978, pp. 1644–1645.
103. "Henry Alexander Wise". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
104. "Inauguration of Governor". Lynchburg Daily Virginian. January 2, 1856. p. 3. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
105. Sobel 1978, pp. 1645–1646.
106. "John Letcher". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
107. Andrew Johnson, Executive Order—To Reestablish the Authority of the United States and Execute the Laws Within the Geographical Limits Known as the State of Virginia Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project, accessed July 18, 2023
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109. "Western Virginia". Portland Press Herald. June 21, 1861. p. 2. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
110. Sobel 1978, p. 1647.
111. "Henry Horatio Wells". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
112. "Gov. Wells Appointed Governor of Virginia". Evening Star. April 4, 1868. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
113. Sobel 1978, pp. 1647–1648.
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115. "Local Matters". Richmond Dispatch. September 22, 1869. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
116. "1864 Va. Const. art. V, § 1" . Retrieved December 20, 2023.
117. Sobel 1978, pp. 1648–1649.
118. "James Lawson Kemper". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
119. "none". Alexandria Gazette. January 1, 1874. p. 2. Retrieved July 19, 2023. Gen. James L. Kemper was today inaugurated Governor of Virginia.
120. "1870 Va. Const. art. IV, § 1" . Retrieved December 20, 2023.
121. Sobel 1978, p. 1649.
122. "Frederick William Mackey Holliday". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
123. "Inauguration of Governor Holliday". Alexandria Gazette. January 1, 1878. p. 3. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
124. Sobel 1978, pp. 1650–1651.
125. "William E. Cameron". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
126. "New State Government". Staunton Spectator. January 3, 1882. p. 2. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
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128. "Fitzhugh Lee". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
129. "Fitz Lee Governor". Richmond Dispatch. January 2, 1886. p. 4. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
130. Sobel 1978, p. 1652.
131. "Philip Watkins McKinney". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
132. "New Men in Office". Richmond Dispatch. January 2, 1890. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
133. Sobel 1978, pp. 1652–1653.
134. "Charles Triplett O'Ferrall". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
135. "It's Now Gov. O'Ferrall". The Norfolk Virginian. January 2, 1894. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
136. Sobel 1978, pp. 1653–1654.
137. "James Hoge Tyler". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
138. "Gov. Tyler Inaugurated". The Portsmouth Star. January 1, 1898. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
139. Sobel 1978, pp. 1654–1655.
140. "Andrew Jackson Montague". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
141. "New Governor Is Now at the Helm". Richmond Times-Dispatch. January 2, 1902. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
142. "1902 Va. Const. art. V, § 69" . Retrieved December 20, 2023.
143. Sobel 1978, p. 1655.
144. "Claude Augustus Swanson". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
145. "Governor C. A. Swanson Takes Office Before a Brilliant Throng". Richmond Times-Dispatch. February 2, 1906. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
146. Sobel 1978, p. 1656.
147. "William Hodges Mann". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
148. "Governor Mann Warmly Greeted". Richmond Times-Dispatch. February 2, 1910. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
149. Sobel 1978, pp. 1656–1657.
150. "Henry Carter Stuart". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
151. "Thousands Cheer As New Executive Assumes Office". Richmond Times-Dispatch. February 3, 1914. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
152. Sobel 1978, pp. 1657–1658.
153. "Westmoreland Davis". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
154. "Governor Davis Is Inaugurated in Hall of House". Richmond Times-Dispatch. February 2, 1918. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
155. Sobel 1978, pp. 1658–1659.
156. "Elbert Lee Trinkle". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
157. "While Guns Boom in Salute, Takes Pledge of Office". Richmond Times-Dispatch. February 2, 1922. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
158. Sobel 1978, pp. 1659–1660.
159. "Harry Flood Byrd". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
160. "Harry F. Byrd Takes Reins of Government". Richmond Times-Dispatch. February 2, 1926. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
161. Sobel 1978, pp. 1660–1661.
162. "John Garland Pollard". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
163. "Pollard Stresses Need of Public Support of Laws in His Inaugural Address; Many Witness Ceremony". Richmond Times-Dispatch. January 16, 1930. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
164. Sobel 1978, pp. 1661–1662.
165. "George Campbell Peery". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
166. Southall, William B. (January 18, 1934). "Peery Inaugurated 50th Governor As Crowds Cheer; Recommends $3,000,000 More for Schools, Roads". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
167. Sobel 1978, pp. 1662–1663.
168. "James Hubert Price". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
169. Latimer, James (January 20, 1938). "Price Dons Robe of State as Governor". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
170. Sobel 1978, pp. 1663–1664.
171. "Colgate Whitehead Darden". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
172. Latimer, James (January 22, 1942). "Small Loan Rate Slash Is Advocated". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
173. Sobel 1978, p. 1664.
174. "William Munford Tuck". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
175. "Governor Would End Federal Aid". Richmond Times-Dispatch. January 17, 1946. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
176. Sobel 1978, p. 1665.
177. "John Stewart Battle". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
178. Latimer, James (January 19, 1950). "New Governor Urges Fast Vote of Grants and Loans in 'Crisis'". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
179. Sobel 1978, pp. 1665–1666.
180. "Thomas Bahnson Stanley". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
181. Latimer, James (January 21, 1954). "Stanley Asks One-Cent Boost in Gas Tax". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
182. Sobel 1978, pp. 1666–1667.
183. "James Lindsay Almond". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
184. Latimer, James (January 12, 1958). "Almond Asks 2 Moves to Combat Integration". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
185. Sobel 1978, pp. 1667–1668.
186. "Albertis S. Harrison". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
187. Latimer, James (January 14, 1962). "Harrison Asks Educational Renaissance". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1A. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
188. Sobel 1978, pp. 1668–1669.
189. "Mills Edwin Godwin". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
190. Latimer, James (January 16, 1966). "New Governor Exhorts Virginia to Seek Progress in Education". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1A. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
191. Sobel 1978, pp. 1669–1670.
192. "Linwood Holton". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
193. Latimer, James (January 18, 1970). "Holton to Strive to Make State 'A Model of Race Relations'". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. A1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
194. "Va. Const. art. V, § 1" . Retrieved December 20, 2023.
195. Latimer, James (January 13, 1974). "Set Example of Integrity for U.S., New Governor Urges Virginians". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
196. Sobel 1978, pp. 1670–1671.
197. "John Nichols Dalton". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
198. Latimer, James (January 15, 1978). "Dalton Pledges 'New Dominion'". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. A1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
199. "Charles Spittal Robb". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
200. Eisman, Dale (January 17, 1982). "Robb Sees National Role for Virginia". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
201. "Gerald L. Baliles". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
202. Eisman, Dale (January 12, 1986). "Baliles, Wilder, Ms. Terry Sworn In, Say State 'Leading the Nation Again'". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
203. "L. Douglas Wilder". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
204. Hardy, Michael; Schapiro, Jeff E. (January 14, 1990). "Salute Freedom Today, Expand It, Wilder Tells 30,000 at Inaugural". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
205. "George Allen". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
206. Whitley, Tyler (January 16, 1994). "It's Allen, for a Change". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
207. "James S. Gilmore". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
208. Intress, Ruth S.; Stallsmith, Pamela (January 18, 1998). "'Common Man' Now Governor". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. 1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
209. "Mark R. Warner". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
210. Schapiro, Jeff E. (January 13, 2002). "Warner Inaugurated". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. A1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
211. "Tim Kaine". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
212. Schapiro, Jeff E. (January 15, 2006). "Gov. Kaine Takes Office". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. A1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
213. "Robert McDonnell". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
214. Whitley, Tyler (January 17, 2010). "State of Opportunity". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. A1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
215. "Terry McAuliffe". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
216. Nolan, Jim; Meola, Olympia (January 12, 2014). "The Work Begins". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. A1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
217. "Ralph Northam". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
218. Moomaw, Graham (January 14, 2018). "New Hand at the Helm". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. A1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.
219. "Glenn Youngkin". National Governors Association . Retrieved July 18, 2023.
220. Leonor, Mel (January 16, 2022). "Youngkin Sworn In As Governor". Richmond Times-Dispatch. p. A1. Retrieved July 19, 2023.

External links

• Office of the Governor of Virginia