Ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II)

Ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II)

Names
IUPAC name diazanium;tetrachloropalladium(2-)
Other names Ammonium tetrachloropalladate Ammonium palladium chloride Diammonium tetrachloropalladate
Identifiers
CAS Number	13820-40-1  N
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:60149
ChemSpider	55586
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.075
EC Number	237-498-6
Gmelin Reference	45561
PubChem CID	61682
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID301014530
InChI InChI=1S/4ClH.2H3N.Pd/h4*1H;2*1H3;/q;;;;;;+2/p-2 Key: IRKVTUVFHGUMMN-UHFFFAOYSA-L
SMILES [H][N+]([H])([H])[H].[H][N+]([H])([H])[H].Cl[Pd--](Cl)(Cl)Cl
Properties
Chemical formula	Cl4H8N4Pd
Molar mass	312.31 g·mol−1
Appearance	brown to green crystals
Density	2.17 g/cm3
Melting point	140 °C
Solubility in water	soluble [1]
Solubility	insoluble in ethanol
Hazards
GHS labelling: [2]
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H312, H315, H319, H332, H335
Related compounds
Other cations	Sodium tetrachloropalladate(II) Potassium tetrachloropalladate(II)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (NH₄)₂PdCl₄. ^{[3] [4]} It is a reddish brown powder, forming brown to olive green crystals. ^[5]

Structure

Ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II) forms tetragonal crystals, space group P 4/mmm, cell parameters: a = 0.721 nm, c = 0.426 nm, Z = 1. ^[6]

Synthesis

Ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II) can be prepared by the slow evaporation of a solution containing tetrachloropalladic acid and ammonium chloride:

H₂[PdCl₄] + 2NH₄Cl → (NH₄)₂[PdCl₄] + HCl

Another method involves passing chlorine through a palladium black suspension in a concentrated ammonium chloride solution:

Pd + Cl₂ + 2NH₄Cl → (NH₄)₂[PdCl₄]

Uses

The compound is used for the preparation of palladium metallic particles. In addition, it forms Pd-creatinine complexes, which is used in the field of catalysis and semiconductors. ^[7]

Reactions

With the gradual addition of ammonia, an insoluble compound referred to as "Vauquelin's salt" is formed. ^[8] It is the palladium analogue to Magnus's green salt.

2(NH₄)₂[PdCl₄] + 4NH₃ → [Pd(NH₃)₄][PdCl₄] + 4NH₄Cl

References

1. Haynes, William M. (22 June 2012). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 93rd Edition. CRC Press. p. 4-48. ISBN   978-1-4398-8049-4 . Retrieved 12 March 2025.
2. "Ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II)". Sigma Aldrich . Retrieved 12 March 2025.
3. Malde, Pradip; Ware, Mike (30 December 2020). Platinotype: Making Photographs in Platinum and Palladium with the Contemporary Printing-out Process. Routledge. p. 63. ISBN   978-1-000-28116-3 . Retrieved 12 March 2025.
4. "Ammonium Tetrachloropalladate(II) | AMERICAN ELEMENTS®". American Elements . Retrieved 12 March 2025.
5. Perry, Dale L. (19 April 2016). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds. CRC Press. p. 34. ISBN   978-1-4398-1462-8 . Retrieved 12 March 2025.
6. Villars, Pierre; Cenzual, Karin; Gladyshevskii, Roman (2017). Handbook of inorganic substances 2017. Inorganic Substances. Berlin Boston: De Gruyter. p. 1055. ISBN   978-3-11-044408-7.
7. "Ammonium tetrachloropalladate(II), Premion , 99.998% (metals basis), Pd 37%, Thermo Scientific Chemicals | Fisher Scientific". Fisher Scientific . Retrieved 12 March 2025.
8. Inorganic Syntheses, Volume 8. John Wiley & Sons. 22 September 2009. p. 234. ISBN   978-0-470-13274-6 . Retrieved 12 March 2025.