Ukraine is divided into 225 electoral districts for election organization and representation in the Verkhovna Rada. Each of the country's oblasts (regions) are divided into multiple districts, with a single MP representing each. Before the number of raions were reduced in 2020, each electoral district would contain several raions or a medium-sized city or a part of a large city. They consist of electoral precincts (usually about one hundred of them in each electoral district), which are territorial units of election organization one level lower, and which have the size of several communities or village councils in rural areas or several neighborhoods in cities.
As a result of the Russian armed aggression against Ukraine, starting from 2014 elections have not been held in any of the electoral districts of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol (constituencies number 1-10, 224 and 225), in some electoral districts of Donetsk and Luhansk oblasts (collectively known as Donbas) completely (constituencies number 41-44, 53–56, 61, 104 and 108–111) or partly (counties number 45, 46, 51, 52, 59, 60, 105-107 and 112–114).[1] As a result, there were vacant seats in the 8th and 9th convocations of the Verkhovna Rada, which should have been occupied by majority MPs from the electoral districts in Crimea and in Donbas.
On presidential elections and for proportional part of parliamentary elections, electoral districts are intermediate links of aggregation of voting results. After the counting of ballots, precinct election commissions determine the results of voting at their precincts. Thereafter, district election commissions determine the results of voting within their electoral districts by summing up the results from all the polling stations belonging to the district. The Central Election Commission then sums up the results of all electoral districts, including the Foreign one, to determine the final results of the voting. In addition to votes counting, district election commissions also deal with many other organizational issues within their electoral districts, including appointing the personal composition of precinct election commissions.
Formation of electoral districts
Electoral districts in their modern form were created on April 28, 2012, by the resolution of the Central Election Commission #82 (up to that moment there was a different system of electoral districts).[5] Initially, they were intended to be used only for parliamentary elections, but in 2019 they were also applied for the presidential election. Different system of electoral districts was used in the 2014 presidential election. The current electoral districts system in theory can be applied to all-Ukrainian referendums, but in practice, no referendums have been held in Ukraine since 2000.[6] The current electoral districts system was used in 2012 parliamentary election, 2014 parliamentary election, 2019 presidential election and 2019 parliamentary election.
The electoral districts were formed in a way that the voters were distributed among them as evenly as possible. The law stipulates that the deviation of the number of voters in the electoral district from the national average should not exceed 12%.[7] At the time of electoral districts formation in 2012, this average was 161,125 voters.[8] The law also stipulates that each electoral district must be within one administrative unit of the first level (oblast, city of Kyiv or Sevastopol, Autonomous Republic of Crimea), i.e. it is not allowed for a part of an electoral district to be in one administrative unit and another part in another unit. In addition, territories inhabited by national minorities and adjacent to each other must be included into one electoral district. Referring to this provision, the Hungarian national minority in Zakarpattia Oblast demands the restoration of Tisza electoral district, which existed prior to 2012, but in 2012 the Hungarians were divided between 73rd, 68th and 69th electoral districts, where they now are the minority of voters, which deprived them of the ability to elect their own deputy to the Verkhovna Rada.[9][10] They have been denied every time,[11] so the Zakarpattia Hungarian Culture Society since 2014 was threatening to sue Ukrainian government in the ECHR for refusing to set up an electoral district that would include territories of compact ethnic Hungarian habitation.
The Foreign electoral district of Ukraine is an electoral district which unites electoral precincts situated outside the territory of Ukraine and which comprises all polling stations located inside embassies and consulates of Ukraine and inside military bases abroad, where there are Ukrainian peacekeeping contingents.[12] Foreign electoral precincts, unlike usual ones which usually comprise several administrative districts in Ukraine, are much bigger in size.
They comprise territories of countries, the whole or a part, or even parts of continents. In the Foreign electoral district there vote those Ukrainian citizens, who on the day of voting are living or just travelling abroad. Foreign district has many differences from usual electoral districts on the territory of Ukraine, but the fundamental difference is that it only aggregates votes cast abroad and do not bear the function of parliamentary representation, since majoritarian deputies are not elected there. Also, the Foreign district does not have its own district election commission, its duties are carried out by the Central Election Commission. As of 31 March 2019 there were 552,357 citizens in the lists of voters of the Foreign electoral district.
List
- electoral districts completely not under government control
- electoral districts partially not under government control
Elections in Ukraine are held to choose the president, Verkhovna Rada (legislature), and local governments. Referendums may be held on special occasions. Ukraine has a multi-party system, often no single party has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.
Parliamentary elections were held in Ukraine on 28 October 2012. Because of various reasons, including the "impossibility of announcing election results" various by-elections have taken place since. Hence, several constituencies have been left unrepresented at various times.
Andriy Baloha's Team is a Ukrainian political party. It is an offspring of Our Ukraine. Legally, Andriy Baloha's Team is the successor of the Party of Private Property, registered with the Ministry of Justice on September 24, 1999. The party changed its name to United Centre in March 2008. In 2020, the party was renamed Andriy Baloha's Team and consequently taken over by Mukachevo mayor Andriy Baloha.
Viktor Ivanovych Baloha is a Ukrainian politician and the former emergency situations minister.
Electoral district 12, shortened to OVO No.12 is one of 225 electoral districts that elects a member of parliament to the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's national parliament.
The foreign electoral district of Ukraine is an electoral district which unites electoral precincts situated outside the territory of Ukraine and which comprises all polling stations located inside embassies and consulates of Ukraine and inside military bases abroad, where there are Ukrainian peacekeeping contingents. The responsibilities of district election commission for the Foreign electoral district are carried out by the Central Election Commission. In this district, only nationwide votings are held, i.e., presidential and parliamentary elections, as well as nationwide referendums. Local elections are not held there.
Dovira, translated as Trust or Сredence, is a parliamentary group in the Verkhovna Rada and political party in Ukraine, consisting of 20 previously non-partisan representatives. It was formed in the 9th Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada on 6 December 2019. On 12 June 2020, a political party of the same name was registered on the basis of the parliamentary group.
Ukraine's 11th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in Vinnytsia Oblast, Central Ukraine. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes part of the city of Vinnytsia and part of Vinnytsia Raion on the west bank of the Southern Bug river. The district is home to 171,986 registered voters, and has 113 polling stations. Its member of parliament has been Maksym Pashkovskyi of the ruling Servant of the People party since 2019.
Ukraine's 4th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it contains the cities of Yevpatoria and Saky, and the surrounding Saky Raion. The constituency is home to 176,570 registered voters, and has 136 polling stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.
Ukraine's 5th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes the city of Kerch, and the part of Lenine Raion east of the city of Lenine itself. The constituency is home to 143,545 registered voters, and has 98 polling stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.
Ukraine's 6th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes Feodosia, Kirovske Raion, and the part of Lenine Raion west of the city of Lenine itself. The constituency is home to 149,453 registered voters, and has 107 polling stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.
Ukraine's 7th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes the cities of Yalta and Alushta, as well as their surrounding metropolitan areas. The constituency is home to 149,101 registered voters, and has 105 polling stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.
Ukraine's 8th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes the town of Sudak, as well as Bilohirsk Raion, Nyzhniohirskyi Raion, Sovietskyi Raion, and parts of Simferopol Raion. The constituency is home to 145,241 registered voters, and has 154 polling stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.
Ukraine's 122nd electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in Lviv Oblast, Western Ukraine. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes Yavoriv Raion and Zhovkva Raion. The district is home to 178,460 registered voters, and has 205 polling stations. Its member of parliament has been Pavlo Bakunets of the Self Reliance party since 2019.
Ukraine's 9th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes the cities of Armiansk and Krasnoperekopsk, as well as Chornomorske Raion, Krasnoperekopsk Raion, Pervomaiske Raion, and Rozdolne Raion. The constituency is home to 144,121 registered voters, and has 151 polling stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.
Oleh Leonidovych Meidych is a Ukrainian businessman and politician currently serving as a People's Deputy of Ukraine from Ukraine's 18th electoral district, representing north-eastern Vinnytsia Oblast.
Ukraine's 10th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it contains the city of Bakhchysarai, as well as Bakhchysarai Raion and parts of Simferopol Raion. The constituency was home to 159,391 registered voters in 2012, and has 130 voting stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.
Oleh Dunda is a Ukrainian entrepreneur and member of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine of the 9th convocation. He serves as co-chair of the inter-factional parliamentary association For the Decolonization of Russia and is a member of the Committee on the Organization of State Power, Local Self-Government, Regional Development, and Urban Planning of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, where he chairs the subcommittee on construction and design.
The 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election was held on 28 October 2012, where 424,536 diaspora voters could vote.
Ukraine's 13th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in Vinnytsia Oblast, Central Ukraine. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes the cities of Koziatyn and Khmilnyk and most of the Khmilnyk Raion's territory. The district is home to 146,373 registered voters, and has 235 polling stations. Its member of parliament has been independent Petro Yurchyshyn since 2014.
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