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A magnetar is a type of neutron star with an extremely powerful magnetic field (~109 to 1011 T, ~1013 to 1015 G). The magnetic-field decay powers the emission of high-energy electromagnetic radiation, particularly X-rays and gamma rays.
A Thorne–Żytkow object, also known as a hybrid star, is a conjectured type of star wherein a red giant or red supergiant contains a neutron star at its core, formed from the collision of the giant with the neutron star. Such objects were hypothesized by Kip Thorne and Anna Żytkow in 1977. In 2014, it was discovered that the star HV 2112, located in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), was a strong candidate. Another possible candidate is the star HV 11417, also located in the SMC.
Be/X-ray binaries (BeXRBs) are a class of high-mass X-ray binaries that consist of a Be star and a neutron star. The neutron star is usually in a wide highly elliptical orbit around the Be star. The Be stellar wind forms a disk confined to a plane often different from the orbital plane of the neutron star. When the neutron star passes through the Be disk, it accretes a large mass of gas in a short time. As the gas falls onto the neutron star, a bright flare in hard X-rays is seen.
An intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) is a class of black hole with mass in the range 102–105 solar masses: significantly more than stellar black holes but less than the 105–109 solar mass supermassive black holes. Several IMBH candidate objects have been discovered in the Milky Way galaxy and others nearby, based on indirect gas cloud velocity and accretion disk spectra observations of various evidentiary strength.
Theta Apodis is a variable star in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus. It is a variable star with an apparent visual magnitude range of 4.65 to 6.20, which, according to the Bortle Dark-Sky Scale, means it is a faint star but visible to the naked eye from dark suburban skies. The distance to Theta Apodis is approximately 350 light-years, based upon parallax measurements made from the Gaia telescope. It is unusual in that it is a red star with a high proper motion.
Psi2 Aquarii, Latinized from ψ2 Aquarii, is the Bayer designation for a star in the equatorial constellation of Aquarius. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.4. Based upon parallax measurements made during the Hipparcos mission, the distance to this star is roughly 400 light-years.
Cygnus X-3 is a high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB), one of the stronger binary X-ray sources in the sky. It is often considered to be a microquasar, and it is believed to be a compact object in a binary system which is pulling in a stream of gas from an ordinary star companion. It is one of only two known HMXBs containing a Wolf–Rayet star. It is invisible visually, but can be observed at radio, infrared, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths.
Nu Centauri, Latinized from ν Centauri, is a binary star system in the southern constellation of Centaurus. The combined apparent visual magnitude of the pair is +3.41, making this one of the brightest members of the constellation. Based upon parallax measurements made during the Hipparcos mission, this star system is located at a distance of roughly 437 light-years from Earth. The margin of error for this distance is about 2%, which is enough to give an error in distance of ±10 light years.
LS I +61 303 is a microquasar, a binary system containing a massive star and a compact object. The compact object is a pulsar and the system is around 7,000 light-years away.
Westerlund 1 is a compact young super star cluster about 3.8 kpc away from Earth. It is thought to be the most massive young star cluster in the Milky Way, and was discovered by Bengt Westerlund in 1961 but remained largely unstudied for many years due to high interstellar absorption in its direction. In the future, it will probably evolve into a globular cluster.
DT Virginis, also known as Ross 458, is a binary star system in the constellation of Virgo. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 9.79 and is located at a distance of 37.6 light-years from the Sun. Both of the stars are low-mass red dwarfs with at least one of them being a flare star. This binary system has a circumbinary sub-stellar companion.
HD 86226 is a G-type yellowish white star found in the constellation of Hydra.
Tau9 Eridani is a binary star in the constellation Eridanus. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.63. The distance to this system can be estimated using the parallax method, which yields a value of roughly 327 light years.
In radio astronomy, a fast radio burst (FRB) is a transient radio pulse of length ranging from a fraction of a millisecond to 3 seconds, caused by some high-energy astrophysical process not yet understood. Astronomers estimate the average FRB releases as much energy in a millisecond as the Sun puts out in three days. While extremely energetic at their source, the strength of the signal reaching Earth has been described as 1,000 times less than from a mobile phone on the Moon. The first FRB was discovered by Duncan Lorimer and his student David Narkevic in 2007 when they were looking through archival pulsar survey data, and it is therefore commonly referred to as the Lorimer Burst. Many FRBs have since been recorded, including several that have been detected to repeat in seemingly irregular ways. Only one FRB has been detected to repeat in a regular way: FRB 180916 seems to pulse every 16.35 days.
RR Centauri is a variable star of apparent magnitude maximum +7.29. It is located in the constellation of Centaurus, approximately 320 light years distant from the solar system.
A failed supernova is an astronomical event in time domain astronomy in which a star suddenly brightens as in the early stage of a supernova, but then does not increase to the massive flux of a supernova. They could be counted as a subcategory of supernova imposters. They have sometimes misleadingly been called unnovae.
ξ Mensae, Latinized as Xi Mensae, is a single star in the southern circumpolar constellation of Mensa. It has a yellow-orange hue and is just barely visible to the naked eye as a dim point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.84. This object is located about 366 light years away from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −5 km/s.
GLEAM-X J162759.5-523504.3 is a transient astronomical radio source, found in 2020, in archival data recorded in 2018 by the Murchison Widefield Array.
References
- ↑ N. Hurley-Walker; N. Rea; S. J. McSweeney (19 July 2023). "A long-period radio transient active for three decades". Nature. 619 (619): 487–490. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06202-5. PMID 37468588. S2CID 259977730.
- ↑ Timmer, John (19 July 2023). "Something in space has been lighting up every 20 minutes since 1988". Ars Technica.
- ↑ P. Beniamini; Z. Wadiasingh; B. D. Metzger (2020). "Periodicity in recurrent fast radio bursts and the origin of ultralong period magnetars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (published 23 June 2020). 496 (496): 3390–3401. doi: 10.1093/mnras/staa1783 .
- 1 2 P. Beniamini; Z. Wadiasingh; J. Hare; K. M. Rajwade; G. Younes; A. J. van der Horst (2023). "Evidence for an abundant old population of Galactic ultra-long period magnetars and implications for fast radio bursts". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (published 20 January 2023). 520 (2): 1872–1894. arXiv: 2210.09323 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stad208 .
- 1 2 3 4 Strickland, Ashley (20 July 2023). "Unusual type of stellar object discovered beaming out radio waves". CNN. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
- 1 2 "Hiding in plain sight, astronomers find new type of stellar object". International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research. 19 July 2023.
- ↑ "Bizarre 'slow' neutron star challenges our theories about dead stars". Space.com . 19 July 2023.
- ↑ "NRL Astronomers Track New Stellar Phenomenon" (Press release). 19 July 2023.
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