List of Canadian provinces and territories by life expectancy

Last updated October 16, 2024

This is a list of Canadian provinces and territories by life expectancy . Life expectancy is the average number of years of age that a group of infants born in the same year can expect to live, if maintained, from birth. The source is from the Canadian Vital Statistics Death Database.^[1]

Life expectancy has increased in most Canadian provinces and territories due to medical advances in treating diseases such as heart disease and cancer - leading causes of death elsewhere worldwide. There were high gains in life expectancy in Nunavut due to improved rural health care; however, there were notable decreases in life expectancy in Newfoundland and Labrador.

Life expectancy in 2022 at birth

province	2019				2019 →2021	2021				2021 →2022	2022				2019 →2022
province	overall	male	female	F Δ M	2019 →2021	overall	male	female	F Δ M	2021 →2022	overall	male	female	F Δ M	2019 →2022
Canada on average	82.29	80.18	84.37	4.19	−0.66	81.63	79.27	84.02	4.75	−0.29	81.34	79.12	83.58	4.46	−0.95
Quebec	82.94	81.07	84.78	3.71	0.21	83.15	81.29	84.99	3.70	−0.67	82.48	80.78	84.16	3.38	−0.46
British Columbia	82.81	80.62	85.04	4.42	−1.40	81.41	78.67	84.26	5.59	0.05	81.46	78.75	84.30	5.55	−1.35
Ontario	82.59	80.43	84.72	4.29	−0.61	81.98	79.60	84.35	4.75	−0.16	81.82	79.57	84.07	4.50	−0.77
Alberta	81.97	79.86	84.10	4.24	−1.70	80.27	77.61	83.16	5.55	−0.05	80.22	77.91	82.64	4.73	−1.75
New Brunswick	80.76	78.49	83.06	4.57	0.14	80.90	78.79	82.89	4.10	−1.14	79.76	77.77	81.80	4.03	−1.00
Saskatchewan	80.52	78.24	83.01	4.77	−2.04	78.48	76.05	81.08	5.03	0.01	78.49	76.13	81.04	4.91	−2.03
Nova Scotia	80.42	78.46	82.28	3.82	0.00	80.42	78.07	82.79	4.72	−0.70	79.72	77.47	81.96	4.49	−0.70
Manitoba	80.17	78.10	82.41	4.31	−0.38	79.79	77.34	82.45	5.11	−0.65	79.14	76.73	81.71	4.98	−1.03
Newfoundland and Labrador	80.01	78.06	82.03	3.97	−0.69	79.32	77.26	81.34	4.08	−0.56	78.76	76.95	80.57	3.62	−1.25

Data source: Statistics Canada .^[2]

3-year average:

province or territory	2017-2019				change	2020-2022
province or territory	overall	male	female	F Δ M	change	overall	male	female	F Δ M
Canada on average	82.03	79.91	84.13	4.22	−0.48	81.55	79.28	83.84	4.56
Quebec	82.63	80.78	84.39	3.61	0.00	82.63	80.86	84.37	3.51
Ontario	82.41	80.28	84.48	4.20	−0.44	81.97	79.66	84.25	4.59
British Columbia	82.36	79.99	84.80	4.81	−0.70	81.66	78.93	84.50	5.57
Alberta	81.63	79.36	83.96	4.60	−1.16	80.47	77.98	83.09	5.11
Prince Edward Island	81.58	79.49	83.60	4.11	0.07	81.65	79.44	83.79	4.35
New Brunswick	80.71	78.55	82.83	4.28	−0.17	80.54	78.46	82.64	4.18
Nova Scotia	80.39	78.31	82.42	4.11	−0.15	80.24	78.01	82.51	4.50
Saskatchewan	80.31	78.03	82.73	4.70	−1.48	78.83	76.35	81.47	5.12
Manitoba	80.04	77.89	82.23	4.34	−0.60	79.44	77.05	81.95	4.90
Newfoundland and Labrador	79.93	77.96	81.90	3.94	−0.71	79.22	77.35	81.22	3.87
Northwest Territories	77.37	75.61	79.11	3.50	−1.99	75.38	73.18	77.62	4.44
Nunavut	70.55	68.71	72.35	3.64	1.12	71.67	68.86	74.35	5.49

Data source: Statistics Canada .^[1]^[3] There are no data for Yukon for given periods. In 2014-2016 overall life expectancy in this territory was 78.68 years (75.92 for male and 81.47 for female).

Life expectancy by health region, 2015-2017 3-year averages


Health Region	Province	Life Expectancy^[4]	Male^[4]	Female^[4]
Eastern	Newfoundland and Labrador	79.7	77.6	81.8
Central	Newfoundland and Labrador	79.5	77.7	81.3
Western	Newfoundland and Labrador	79.5	78	80.8
Labrador-Grenfell	Newfoundland and Labrador	77.9	75.7	80.3
Prince Edward Island	Prince Edward Island	82.0	79.9	83.8
Western	Nova Scotia	80.9	78.6	83.1
Northern	Nova Scotia	79.5	77.6	81.5
Eastern	Nova Scotia	78.5	75.6	81.4
Central	Nova Scotia	81.2	79.2	83.1
Moncton	New Brunswick	81.7	79.4	84
Saint John	New Brunswick	80.1	78	82.1
Fredericton	New Brunswick	80.9	79.1	82.6
Edmundston	New Brunswick	79.8	77.5	81.8
Campbellton	New Brunswick	79.4	76.5	82
Bathurst	New Brunswick	81.4	79.2	83.6
Miramichi	New Brunswick	79.5	76.2	82.6
Bas-Saint-Laurent	Quebec	82.2	80.1	84
Saguenay - Lac-Saint-Jean	Quebec	82.5	80.9	84
Capitale-Nationale	Quebec	83.3	81.4	84.9
Mauricie et du Centre-du-Québec	Quebec	82.3	80.1	84.3
Estrie	Quebec	83.1	81.1	84.9
Montréal	Quebec	83.1	81	85.1
Outaouais	Quebec	81.5	79.7	83.2
Abitibi-Témiscamingue	Quebec	80.4	78.5	82.3
Côte-Nord	Quebec	81.1	79.8	82.4
Nord-du-Québec	Quebec	80.6	79.3	81.4
Gaspésie - Îles-de-la-Madeleine	Quebec	80.8	78.7	82.8
Chaudière-Appalaches	Quebec	83.3	81.4	85.1
Laval	Quebec	83.9	81.9	85.6
Lanaudière	Quebec	82.1	80.6	83.6
Laurentides	Quebec	82.1	80.5	83.7
Montérégie	Quebec	82.8	81	84.4
Nunavik	Quebec	68.7	65.6	73
Terres-Cries-de-la-Baie-James	Quebec	77.2	75.4	78.7
Algoma	Ontario	79.4	77.2	81.6
Brant	Ontario	80.2	78.1	82.2
Durham	Ontario	82.5	80.6	84.4
Grey Bruce	Ontario	81.6	79.5	83.8
Haldimand-Norfolk	Ontario	80.2	78.3	82.1
Haliburton, Kawartha, Pine Ridge	Ontario	81.2	79.3	83.2
Halton	Ontario	84.5	82.6	86.2
Hamilton	Ontario	81.3	78.8	83.6
Hastings and Prince Edward	Ontario	80.1	77.8	82.4
Huron	Ontario	80.7	78.5	82.7
Chatham-Kent	Ontario	80.4	78.1	82.4
Kingston, Frontenac and Lennox and Addington	Ontario	81.5	79.1	83.8
Lambton	Ontario	80.5	78.3	82.7
Leeds, Grenville and Lanark	Ontario	81.3	79.4	83
Middlesex-London	Ontario	82.0	79.9	84
Niagara	Ontario	81.4	79.2	83.5
North Bay Parry Sound	Ontario	80.3	78.2	82.4
Northwestern	Ontario	76.6	74.7	78.6
Ottawa	Ontario	83.7	81.9	85.3
Oxford Elgin St. Thomas	Ontario	80.8	78.9	82.6
Peel	Ontario	84.8	83	86.4
Perth	Ontario	81.7	79.7	83.5
Peterborough	Ontario	81.5	79.3	83.5
Porcupine	Ontario	78.3	76.1	80.5
Renfrew	Ontario	81.1	79.2	83
Eastern	Ontario	81.2	79.1	83.2
Simcoe Muskoka	Ontario	81.6	79.7	83.4
Sudbury	Ontario	79.8	76.9	82.7
Thunder Bay	Ontario	78.9	76.8	81.1
Timiskaming	Ontario	79.3	76.9	81.7
Waterloo	Ontario	82.1	80.2	83.9
Wellington-Dufferin-Guelph	Ontario	82.3	80.5	83.9
Windsor-Essex	Ontario	81.7	79.7	83.7
York	Ontario	85.7	84	87.1
Toronto	Ontario	84.3	81.7	86.7
Winnipeg	Manitoba	80.8	78.6	82.8
Prairie Mountain	Manitoba	80.0	78	82.1
Interlake-Eastern	Manitoba	80.3	78.6	82.2
Northern	Manitoba	72.7	70.3	75.2
Southern	Manitoba	81.0	79.1	83.1
Sun Country	Saskatchewan	81.5	79.7	83.2
Five Hills	Saskatchewan	81.3	78.4	84
Cypress	Saskatchewan	81.4	79.3	83.5
Regina Qu'Appelle	Saskatchewan	80.5	78.2	82.8
Sunrise	Saskatchewan	79.5	76.7	82.4
Saskatoon	Saskatchewan	81.3	79.1	83.4
Heartland	Saskatchewan	80.9	78.2	83.7
Kelsey Trail	Saskatchewan	78.8	76.4	81.4
Prince Albert Parkland	Saskatchewan	78.3	75.4	81.6
Prairie North	Saskatchewan	78.8	76.1	81.7
Mamawetan/Keewatin/Athabasca	Saskatchewan	73.3	71	75.8
South	Alberta	80.3	78.1	82.4
Calgary	Alberta	83.1	81.2	85
Central	Alberta	79.9	77.4	82.6
Edmonton	Alberta	82	79.5	84.5
North	Alberta	79.2	77.1	81.7
East Kootenay	British Columbia	80.5	78.5	82.7
Kootenay-Boundary	British Columbia	80.4	77.9	82.8
Okanagan	British Columbia	81.2	78.7	83.8
Thompson/Cariboo	British Columbia	79.9	77.8	82.3
Fraser East	British Columbia	81.2	78.7	83.7
Fraser North	British Columbia	83.6	81.6	85.6
Fraser South	British Columbia	82.8	80.6	85
Richmond	British Columbia	86.8	85.2	88.2
Vancouver	British Columbia	84.1	81.6	86.6
North Shore/Coast Garibaldi	British Columbia	83.9	81.6	86.2
South Vancouver Island	British Columbia	83.3	81.1	85.3
Central Vancouver Island	British Columbia	81.3	79.2	83.3
North Vancouver Island	British Columbia	81	78.6	83.5
Northwest	British Columbia	79.1	76.9	81.7
Northern Interior	British Columbia	78.8	76.9	81
Northeast	British Columbia	78	76.4	79.6
Yukon^{[lower-alpha 1]}	Yukon	78.7	75.9	81.5
Northwest Territories	Northwest Territories	77.1	75.2	79.3
Nunavut	Nunavut	72.1	70.8	73.4

Life expectancy in 2020 at birth


Rank	Province/Territory	Life expectancy (2020)^[2]	3-year average (2018-2020)^[1]^[3]^{[lower-alpha 1]}			3-year average (2008-2010)^[1]^[3]	Change
Rank	Province/Territory	Life expectancy (2020)^[2]	All	Male	Female	3-year average (2008-2010)^[1]^[3]	Change
1.	Quebec	82.34	82.57	80.77	84.31	81.24	1.27
2.	British Columbia	82.19	82.39	79.93	84.93	81.82	0.57
3.	Ontario	82.14	82.34	80.16	84.47	81.53	0.81
-	Canada	81.72	81.97	79.82	84.11	81.15	0.82
4.	Prince Edward Island	—	81.80	79.80	83.72	80.44	1.36
5.	Alberta	80.89	81.46	79.15	83.85	80.81	0.65
6.	New Brunswick	81.17	80.84	78.70	82.91	80.34	0.50
7.	Nova Scotia	80.58	80.46	78.37	82.55	80.17	0.29
8.	Saskatchewan	79.46	80.06	77.69	82.56	79.51	0.55
9.	Newfoundland and Labrador	79.66	79.89	77.93	81.87	79.28	0.61
10.	Manitoba	79.41	79.88	77.73	82.12	79.64	0.24
11.	Yukon ^{[lower-alpha 1]}	—	78.68	75.92	81.47	77.25	1.43
12.	Northwest Territories	—	77.00	75.10	78.88	76.77	0.23
13.	Nunavut	—	70.74	68.18	72.69	71.53	0.79

Past life expectancy


Province/Territory	2019^[10]	2010^[10]	2000^[10]	1990^[10]	1980^[10]	Change 1980-2019
Canada	82.1	81.2	79.0	77.6	75.5	6.6
Alberta	81.6	81.3	79.4	77.8	75.0	6.6
British Columbia	82.4	82.1	80.3	78.1	76.0	6.4
Manitoba	80.1	79.9	78.0	77.4	75.3	4.8
New Brunswick	80.7	80.7	78.9	77.3	74.5	6.2
Newfoundland and Labrador	80.0	79.6	77.3	76.1	74.8	5.2
Northwest Territories	77.4	77.8	75.5	72.4	68.7	8.7
Nova Scotia	80.4	80.3	78.5	76.7	74.6	5.8
Nunavut	71.1	70.4	67.5	65.5	62.4	8.7
Ontario	82.4	81.7	79.4	77.8	75.4	7.0
Prince Edward Island	81.6	81.3	78.4	76.9	76.2	5.4
Quebec	82.9	81.4	79.0	77.0	74.4	8.5
Saskatchewan	80.3	79.6	78.5	77.9	75.9	4.4
Yukon	79.0	77.3	75.0	74.4	69.8	9.2

Global Data Lab (2019–2022)

region	2019				2019 →2021	2021	2021 →2022	2022				2019 →2022
region	overall	male	female	F Δ M	2019 →2021	overall	2021 →2022	overall	male	female	F Δ M	2019 →2022
Canada on average	82.36	80.28	84.42	4.14	0.30	82.66	0.19	82.85	80.87	84.80	3.93	0.49
Quebec	82.97	81.23	84.62	3.39	0.29	83.26	0.19	83.45	81.83	85.00	3.17	0.48
British Columbia	82.79	80.39	85.24	4.85	0.29	83.08	0.19	83.27	80.98	85.62	4.64	0.48
Ontario	82.74	80.62	84.78	4.16	0.29	83.03	0.19	83.22	81.21	85.16	3.95	0.48
Prince Edward Island, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut	82.19	80.26	84.03	3.77	0.30	82.49	0.19	82.68	80.85	84.40	3.55	0.49
Alberta	81.85	79.60	84.16	4.56	0.29	82.14	0.19	82.33	80.19	84.54	4.35	0.48
New Brunswick	81.23	79.15	83.22	4.07	0.29	81.52	0.19	81.71	79.73	83.59	3.86	0.48
Nova Scotia	80.85	78.82	82.85	4.03	0.28	81.13	0.19	81.32	79.40	83.22	3.82	0.47
Saskatchewan	80.38	78.14	82.86	4.72	0.29	80.67	0.19	80.86	78.71	83.23	4.52	0.48
Newfoundland and Labrador	80.27	78.38	82.17	3.79	0.29	80.56	0.19	80.75	78.95	82.54	3.59	0.48
Manitoba	80.26	78.18	82.42	4.24	0.29	80.55	0.19	80.74	78.75	82.79	4.04	0.48

Data source: Global Data Lab^[11]

Notes

1 2 3 4 5 2014-2016 3-year average for Yukon

Related Research Articles

Statistics Canada conducts a country-wide census that collects demographic data every five years on the first and sixth year of each decade. The 2021 Canadian census enumerated a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 percent over the 2016 figure. It is estimated that Canada's population surpassed 40 million in 2023 and 41 million in 2024. Between 1990 and 2008, the population increased by 5.6 million, equivalent to 20.4 percent overall growth. The main driver of population growth is immigration, with 6.2% of the country's population being made up of temporary residents as of 2023, or about 2.5 million people. Between 2011 and May 2016, Canada's population grew by 1.7 million people, with immigrants accounting for two-thirds of the increase.

Human life expectancy is a statistical measure of the estimate of the average remaining years of life at a given age. The most commonly used measure is life expectancy at birth. This can be defined in two ways. Cohort LEB is the mean length of life of a birth cohort and can be computed only for cohorts born so long ago that all their members have died. Period LEB is the mean length of life of a hypothetical cohort assumed to be exposed, from birth through death, to the mortality rates observed at a given year. National LEB figures reported by national agencies and international organizations for human populations are estimates of period LEB.

The United States had an official estimated resident population of 335,893,238 on Jan 1, 2024, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. This figure includes the 50 states and Washington, D.C. but excludes the population of five unincorporated U.S. territories as well as several minor island possessions. The United States is the third most populous country in the world, and the most populous in the Americas and the Western Hemisphere. The Census Bureau showed a population increase of 0.4% for the twelve-month period ending in July 2022, below the world average annual rate of 0.9%. The total fertility rate in the United States estimated for 2022 is 1.665 children per woman, which is below the replacement fertility rate of approximately 2.1. By several metrics, including racial and ethnic background, religious affiliation, and percentage of rural and urban divide, Illinois is the most representative of the larger demography of the United States.

Canada is divided into 10 provinces and three territories. The majority of Canada's population is concentrated in the areas close to the Canada–US border. Its four largest provinces by area are also its most populous; together they account for 86.5 percent of the country's population. The territories account for over a third of Canada's area but are home to only 0.32 percent of its population, which skews the national population density value.

Health in Cuba refers to the overall health of the population of Cuba. Like the rest of the Cuban economy, Cuban medical care suffered following the end of Soviet subsidies in 1991; the stepping up of the US embargo against Cuba at this time also had an effect.

Prince Edward Island is a Canadian province. According to the 2011 National Household Survey, the largest ethnic group consists of people of Scottish descent (39.2%), followed by English (31.1%), Irish (30.4%), French (21.1%), German (5.2%), and Dutch (3.1%) descent. Prince Edward Island is mostly a white community and there are few visible minorities. Chinese people are the largest visible minority group of Prince Edward Island, comprising 1.3% of the province's population. Almost half of respondents identified their ethnicity as "Canadian." Prince Edward Island is by a strong margin the most Celtic and specifically the most Scottish province in Canada and perhaps the most Scottish place (ethnically) in the world, outside Scotland. 38% of islanders claim Scottish ancestry, but this is an underestimate and it is thought that almost 50% of islanders have Scottish roots. When combined with Irish and Welsh, almost 80% of islanders are of some Celtic stock, albeit most families have resided in PEI for at least two centuries. Few places outside Europe can claim such a homogeneous Celtic ethnic background. The only other jurisdiction in North America with such a high percentage of British Isles heritage is Newfoundland.

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Life expectancy and other elements of the complete life table, three-year estimates, Canada, all provinces except Prince Edward Island". Statistics Canada . 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2024.
1 2 "Life expectancy and other elements of the complete life table, single-year estimates, Canada, all provinces except Prince Edward Island". Statistics Canada . 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2024.
1 2 3 4 5 6 "Life expectancy and other elements of the abridged life table, three-year estimates, Prince Edward Island and the territories". Statistics Canada . 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2024.
1 2 3 4 "Life expectancy, at birth and at age 65, by sex, three-year average, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups". Statistics Canada . 30 May 2019.
1 2 3 "Life expectancy at birth, total - Canada". World Bank Group.
↑ "Life expectancy at birth: Canada". Our World in Data.
↑ "Life expectancy at birth: Canada, United States". Our World in Data.
↑ "Statistics Canada".
1 2 "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by country". World Health Organization. 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
1 2 3 4 5 "Canadian male and Female Life Expectancy By Province".
↑ "Life expectancy 2022 - Maps | Subnational HDI (v8.0)". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 October 2024.

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[Yukon-4] 1 2 3 4 5 2014-2016 3-year average for Yukon

[stat_canada_3a-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Life expectancy and other elements of the complete life table, three-year estimates, Canada, all provinces except Prince Edward Island". Statistics Canada . 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2024.

[stat_canada_1-2] 1 2 "Life expectancy and other elements of the complete life table, single-year estimates, Canada, all provinces except Prince Edward Island". Statistics Canada . 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2024.

[stat_canada_3b-3] 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Life expectancy and other elements of the abridged life table, three-year estimates, Prince Edward Island and the territories". Statistics Canada . 27 November 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2024.

[health_regions-5] 1 2 3 4 "Life expectancy, at birth and at age 65, by sex, three-year average, Canada, provinces, territories, health regions and peer groups". Statistics Canada . 30 May 2019.

[wbg_total-6] 1 2 3 "Life expectancy at birth, total - Canada". World Bank Group.

[7] "Life expectancy at birth: Canada". Our World in Data.

[8] "Life expectancy at birth: Canada, United States". Our World in Data.

[9] "Statistics Canada".

[who-10] 1 2 "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by country". World Health Organization. 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2024.

[:1-11] 1 2 3 4 5 "Canadian male and Female Life Expectancy By Province".

[GlobalDataLab-12] "Life expectancy 2022 - Maps | Subnational HDI (v8.0)". Global Data Lab. Retrieved 15 October 2024.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[lower-alpha 1]

[10]

[11]

v t e Lists relating to the provinces and territories of Canada
Ranked	International rankings by area by population by historical population by population growth rate by HDI by GDP by life expectancy by order of joining Confederation by government spending unemployment
Political	Current lieutenant governors Current first ministers Capitals Elections
Historical	Former colonies and territories in Canada Territorial evolution of Canada after 1867 Proposals for new provinces
Other	Total area Bibliography Extreme points Language policies Symbols Name etymologies Museums Regions Topics