List of aircraft of the Portuguese Armed Forces

Last updated

This list of current and former aircraft of the Portuguese Armed Forces also includes aircraft of the National Republican Guard.

Contents

Air Force

The Portuguese Air Force (PoAF) was founded in 1952 as the result of the amalgamation of the Aeronáutica Militar and Aviação Naval. With the merger many aircraft were transferred from these earlier aviation services to the Air Force, having been in service before 1952.

AircraftQtyIn serviceRetiredOriginNotes
de Havilland DH-82 Tiger Moth 30(?)19521954UK
Portugal		Received from Aeronáutica Militar and Aviação Naval
de Havilland DH-82A Tiger Moth
Junkers Ju 52 1219521972GermanyReceived from Aeronáutica Militar [1] [2]
Junkers Ju 52/3 mg3e
Amiot A.A.C.1 Toucan 151961France
Miles Master II/III  ?19521958UKReceived from Aeronáutica Militar
Miles Martinet T.T.1  ?1952 ?UKReceived from Naval Aviation
Douglas C-47 Dakota 2919521976USAOne aircraft received from Aeronáutica Militar in 1952. Remaining aircraft bought in 1958 [3]
Hawker Hurricane IIB/IIC 15119521954UKReceived from Aeronáutica Militar
Airspeed Oxford  ?19521957UKReceived from Aeronáutica Militar
Airspeed Oxford II Received from Naval Aviation
Supermarine Spitfire VB  ?1952 ?UKReceived from Aeronáutica Militar
Miles Magister I 819521956UKReceived from Aeronáutica Militar
Avro Anson T.1 101952 ?UKReceived from Aeronáutica Militar
North American AT-6 Texan 25719521978USAReceived from Aeronáutica Militar
North American SNJ-4 Received from Naval Aviation
North American Harvard Mk.III 1956USAFormer British Fleet Air Arm aircraft
North American T-6G Texan 1961USAFormer-French Air Force aircraft
North American Harvard Mk.IV 1964CanadaFormer-Luftwaffe aircraft
North American Harvard Mk.IIA 1969Former-South African Air Force aircraft
North American Harvard Mk.III
Boeing SB-17G Flying Fortress 519521960USAReceived from Aeronáutica Militar [4]
Douglas C-54 Skymaster 819471952USASome Ex-Aeronáutica Militar [5]
SC-54/HC-54 Searchmaster 101952 ?USAEx-Aeronáutica Militar [4]
de Havilland DH-89A Dragon Rapide 119521968UKEx-Aeronáutica Militar
de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk 1019521997UKEx-Aeronáutica Militar
66PortugalBuilt under license by OGMA; As of 1997 six airframes refurbished
Grumman G-21B Goose 919521960USAReceived from Naval Aviation
Piper PA-18/L-21 B Super Cub 2219551976USAReceived from the Portuguese Army Artillery arm
Piper PA-18/L-18 SL21A 5
Piper PA-18-125 Super Cub 1954
Grumman G-44 Widgeon 1219521962USAReceived from Naval Aviation
Fleet F-10G 11952 ?USAReceived from Naval Aviation
Beechcraft AT-11 Kansan 619521977USAFirst units received from Naval Aviation
Beechcraft D-18S 15
C-45 Expeditor 19591976
Curtiss SB2C-5 Helldiver 619521952USAReceived from Naval Aviation
Republic F-47D Thunderbolt 5019521956USA
Lockheed T-33A Shooting Star 2819521991USA
de Havilland Vampire T.55 219521962UK [6] [7] [8]
Lockheed PV-2C/D Harpoon 4219531975USAOnly 34 flown
Republic F-84G Thunderjet 12519531974USA
Grumman SA-16A Albatross 319541962USA [4]
Sikorsky UH-19A 219541960USAFirst helicopter operated in Portugal.
Used only in search and rescue operations in Azores. Removed from service after an accident on October 4, 1959 [4] [9]
Sud Aviation Alouette II 719581976FranceMore received for the Portuguese Republican National Guard
North American F-86F Sabre 6519581980USA
Canadair T-33A-N Silver Star 519591960Canada
Hunting Jet Provost 119591959UKReceived PoAF markings for demonstration but wasn't bought [10]
Lockheed RT-33A 219601982USA
Lockheed P2V-5 Neptune 1219601977USA
Auster D.5/108&180 7619601976UK
Nord Noratlas N.2502 1219601978France [11]
Nord Noratlas N.2501D 18
Auster D.5/160 9919611976UK
Portugal		84 built under license by OGMA
Dornier Do 27 A1/A3/A4/B1 14619611979Germany
Max Holste M.H.1521 Broussard 419611977France
Douglas DC-6A419611978USA
Douglas DC-6B6
Saunders-Roe Skeeter 1019611961UKDelivered in July from German Army Aviation Corps and German Navy stocks, never flew due to being non-airworthy and lack of spares to be rebuilt [12] [13] [14]
Cessna T-37C3019611992USA [15] [16]
Sud Aviation Alouette III SA 319 14219632020FranceAdditional airframes bought to be used as source for spare parts and to rebuild damaged airframes.. Retired 17 June 2020.
Douglas B-26B Invader 719651975USA [17] [18]
Douglas B-26C Invader
Fiat G.91R/44019651993Italy
Cessna 310B119691974USA
Cessna 182C11969 ?USA
Sud Aviation SA-330C Puma 1319692011FranceRetired in 2006, re-entered service in 2008 in Azores, finally retired in 2011. On the market to be sold(2015) [19]
Aérospatiale Puma SA-330S1 Puma 1971
Cessna 206 11969 ?USA
Piper PA-32 Cherokee Six 419701974USA
Cessna 401B119711974USAUsed PoAF markings in special missions
Cessna 185A Skywagon 519711974USAReceived from South African Air Force
Boeing 707-3F5C219711976USATransferred to TAP
CASA C-212-100 Aviocar 2419742010SpainReplaced by CASA C-295M [20]
Cessna Skymaster FTB-337G 3219742007USA
Fiat G.91R/37019761993ItalyOnly 34 flown, others were used for spares
Fiat G.91T/326Only 11 flown
Northrop T-38A Talon 1219771994USA
Lockheed C-130H Hercules 61977USA
Lockheed C-130H-30 Hercules
Vought A-7P Corsair II 4419811999USA
Vought TA-7C Corsair II 119821984One example (s/n 154404; c/n B-044), nicknamed "Pomba Branca" (white dove), leased from the USN for pilot conversion
Vought TA-7P Corsair II 619841999
Fournier RF-10 419841994France
Dassault Falcon 20 DC219851993FranceUsed in VIP transport and MEDEVAC. Sold on the civilian market
12005Used in VIP transport, MEDEVAC and radio calibration. Preserved at Museu do Ar
Lockheed P-3P Orion 619852011USAReplaced by former-Dutch P-3C Update II.5/CUP-CG. One being used for crew training by CFMTFA.
Alexander Schleicher ASK 21 41986Germany
Aérospatiale Epsilon TB-30 181989France
Portugal		Assembled in Portugal by OGMA
Dassault Falcon 50 31990France
Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet A 5019932018France
Germany		Former-Luftwaffe aircraft, offered by Germany for the use of the Beja Air Base — BA11 [21]
General Dynamics F-16A OCU Fighting Falcon 171994USAPeace Atlantis I aircraft. Converted and updated to Mid Life Update (MLU) standard (F-16 AM/BM) by the Air Force workshops at Monte Real Air Base and OGMA [22]
General Dynamics F-16B OCU Fighting Falcon 3
CASA C-212-300 Aviocar 219942011SpainReplaced by C-295MPA
LET L-23 Blanik 31996Czech Republic
de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk Lycoming engine 71997UK
Portugal		Refurbished from existing de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk aircraft
General Dynamics F-16A Fighting Falcon 231999USAPeace Atlantis II aircraft. Updated to Mid Life Update (MLU) standard (F-16 AM/BM) by the Air Force workshops at Monte Real Air Base and OGMA [22] 9 F-16 AM and 3 F-16 BM transferred to the Romanian Air Force in 2015–2016. 3 ex-USAF F-16s including 2 F-16A and 1 F-16B delivered in 2019. [23]
General Dynamics F-16B Fighting Falcon 5
Advanced Ceramics Research Silver Fox 22004USAUsed by the Portuguese Air Force Academy for research and development of aeronautical components and UAV systems [24]
AgustaWestland EH101 122005UK
Italy		6 Search and rescue variant, 4 Combat search and rescue variant and 2 fisheries protection variant. [25]
Lockheed P-3C Update II.5/CUP-CG Orion 52006USAFormer-Dutch Navy aircraft. Receiving electronics upgrade to CUP+ standard
CASA C-295 122008Spain7 Transport aircraft (PG01) and 5 Maritime patrol aircraft (C-295 MPA, three PG02 and two PG03). [26]
ANTEX-M 42008Portugal Unmanned Air Vehicle prototype developed by the Portuguese Air Force Academy. At least four built and operated [24] [27] [28]
General Dynamics F-16B Fighting Falcon 32016USAOriginally intended for Romania after undergoing upgrade; instead acquired to replace 3 Portuguese F-16 BM transferred to the Romanian Air Force. Updated to Mid Life Update (MLU) standard (F-16 BM) by the Air Force workshops at Monte Real Air Base and OGMA [22] [29]
Leonardo AW119 Koala Mk. II 72019UK
Italy		Assembled at Leonardo's Philadelphia facility. [30] Two additional unit's received in 2023. [31] [32]
UAVision OGASSA OGS42 122020Portugal Unmanned Air Vehicle used for Surveillance and Recognition, 4 of them equipped with VTOL capacity [33]
Kamov Ka-32A11BC 62022Russia6 helicopters acquired by the Portuguese government in 2006 for the extinct public company EMA - Empresa de Meios Aéreos. This firefighting helicopters were received in 2022 from the Portuguese National Emergency and Civil Protection Authority. [34] In October 2022 the Ministry of National Defence confirms that the 6 helicopters will be sent to Ukraine as military aid due the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine [35]
Dassault Falcon 900 12023FrancePlane seized by the Portuguese Authorities and reverted to the Portuguese Air Force. [36]
Embraer C-390 Millennium 1+42023Brasil

Portugal

Five C-390s ordered in 2019 to replace its C-130s. [37]
Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk 2+72023USAThe Portuguese Air Force signed in August 2022 the acquisition of 6 UH-60A for use in fighting forest fires. [38] The Air Force announced that will order 3 additional units. [39]
Lockheed P-3C Orion Cup+ 2+4 [40] 2023USAThe Government of Portugal acquired, for 45 million euros, 6 aircraft together with Mid-Life Upgrade (MLU) sets, spare parts, support equipment and test benches, as well as flight simulators and tactical procedures. The aircraft will be received from 2023 to 2027. [41] [42]
Canadair CL-515 0+22024CanadaTwo units purchased in 2022 to fight forest fires, the first unit will arrive in 2024 and the second in 2026 [43] [31]
Eurocopter AS350 B3*4N/AFrance4 helicopters acquired by the Portuguese government in 2007 for the extinct public company EMA - Empresa de Meios Aéreos. *These helicopters are currently managed by the Portuguese Air Force, and it is expected that they will be integrated into this branch in the coming years. [44] [45] [46]

Army

After Military Aeronautics became an independent branch, the Portuguese Army activated a small aviation component in its Artillery Arm. This aviation component was disbanded in 1955, with its aircraft and role being transferred to the Air Force. The Army even signed two contracts for the purchase of helicopters, the first in the late 90s for the purchase of Eurocopter EC635 helicopters, which was canceled in 2002 due the lack of a certification to fire HOT 2 anti-tank missiles. In 2012 the acquisition of 10 NH-90 helicopters was canceled after the economic crisis that hit the country that year. The Portuguese Army would only operate air assets in the 21st century, where it currently employs a wide range of UAVs.

AircraftQtyIn serviceRetiredOriginNotes
Piper PA-18/L-21 B Super Cub 2219521955USATransferred to the PoAF (Used by former Army Artilley Arm)
Griffon Aerospace MQM-170 Outlaw  ?2012USATarget drone, operated by Anti-aircraft Artillery Regiment No. 1. [47] [48]
DJI Mavic PRO ?2018ChinaSeen in use by Portuguese Paratroopers and Madeira Military Operational Command. Number of units purchased unknown. [49] [50]
AeroVironment RQ-11 Raven 362019USA36 aircraft or twelve systems (together with associated services and equipment) were purchased through the NSPA on 20 August 2018. [51]
SenseFly eBee X?2020SwitzerlandUsed by the Army Geospatial Information Center for mapping missions. [52]
DJI Matrice 300 RTK ?2020ChinaUsed by Madeira Military Operational Command for surveillance. [53] Madeira Military Operational Command also plans to acquire a long-range drone. Number of units purchased unknown. [54]
MyFlyDream Nimbus Tricopter 1800?2020China Unmanned aerial vehicle with VTOL capacity, used by Anti-aircraft Artillery Regiment No. 1. Number of units purchased unknown. [55]
Parrot ANAFI 22022FranceUsed by Special Operations Troops Centre. [56]
MicroUAV?2022?Seen in use with the Garrison Regiment Nº3. [57]
Autel EVO II Dual 640T Enterprise V2?2023ChniaSeen in use for the first time in 2023. [58]

National Republican Guard

AircraftQtyIn serviceRetiredOriginNotes
Sud Aviation Alouette II 21976 ?FranceFormer Portuguese Air Force helicopter. Used for highway patrol. [59] [60]
Tekever AR4 42014PortugalAt least 4 units received. [61] [62] [63]
DJI Mavic PRO ? ?China [64]
UAVision UX Spyro ? ?Portugal
Tekever AR5 12024PortugalOperated by GNR from Figueira da Foz [65]

The Navy's Aviação Naval (Naval Aviation) was created in 1917. In 1993, the Naval Aviation was reborn with the creation of the Esquadrilha de Helicópteros da Marinha (Navy's Helicopter Squadron), which operates the helicopters that serve on board the Navy's ships.

AircraftQtyIn serviceRetiredOriginNotes
F.B.A. Type B 319171918
Donnet-Denhaut D.D.8 1819181923FranceEight left by the French Aeronavale at Aveiro [66] [67]
Tellier T.3 519181928
Georges Levy G.L.40HB-221918 ?FranceLeft by the French Aeronavale at Aveiro
Felixstowe F.3 319201922UK
Curtiss HS-2L 419211931USALeft by the United States Navy at Horta.
Started flying in 1923
Fairey IIID/IIID Mk.2 619221931UK
Fokker T.IIIW419241933Netherlands
Avro 504K319251927UKThe first wheel aircraft
CAMS 37A819271935 [68]
Hanriot H.41H819271935 [68]
Macchi M.18 919281934
de Havilland DH-60HG Gipsy Moth 819291942UKBought four directly from de Havilland.
Other four were built from parts after the loss of the first four in accidents
Fleet F-10 2619331953Several batches
Fleet F-10B
Fleet F-10G
Junkers K 43W 519331941Germany
Sweden		Manufactured in Sweden
Hawker Osprey III 819351942UK
Blackburn Shark IIA619361938UK
General Aircraft Monospar S.T.12 119361943
Avro 626 1219391950UK
Grumman G-21B Goose 1219401952USATransferred to PoAF
Grumman G-44 Widgeon 1219411952USATransferred to PoAF
Short Sunderland I119411944UKInterned after force landing in Portugal due to storm
Fleet 16 51942 ?UK
Miles Martinet T.T.I419431952UKTransferred to PoAF
Airspeed Oxford II1219431952UKTransferred to PoAF
Bristol Blenheim IVF121943 ?UK
de Havilland DH-82A Tiger Moth 3019431952UKTransferred to PoAF
Bristol Beaufighter TF.X1719451946UK [69]
Beechcraft AT-11 Kansan 719471952USATransferred to PoAF
Beechcraft D-18S 519481952USATransferred to PoAF
North American SNJ-4 819501952USATransferred to PoAF
Curtiss SB2C-4 Helldiver 1419501952USAUsed only for spares
Curtiss SB2C-5 Helldiver 24Transferred to PoAF
AgustaWestland Super Lynx Mk.95A 51993UKThe first aircraft of the recreated Naval Aviation
Tekever AR4 ?2014PortugalGiven to the Navy by its manufacturer to improve its development [70]
Tekever AR3 ?2015PortugalIn service with the Portuguese Navy at least since 2015 [71]
UAVision OGASSA OGS42 V 22020PortugalAcquired two units to be operated from Frigates and Offshore patrol vessels [72] [73]
UAVision UX Spyro 42020PortugalPurchased at least 4 units to be operated from Frigates and Offshore patrol vessels. Designate Açor-class [74]
Beyond Vision VTOne62023PortugalAcquired 6 units in early 2023 [75] [76]
Beyond Vision HEIFU62023PortugalAcquired 6 units in early 2023 [76]
Autel EVO II Dual 640T Enterprise V2?2023ChinaSeen in use for the first time in 2023. [77]

Military Aeronautics

The Army's Aeronáutica Militar (Military Aeronautics) was the first military aviation service created in Portugal and much of the Portuguese aviation origins date back to it.

AircraftQtyIn serviceRetiredOriginNotes
Maurice Farman Type 1911-1912119121916France
Deperdussin Type B119121916France
Maurice Farman MF-11 319121917France
Farman F.40 519161920France
Morane-Saulnier H 11916 ?France
Caudron G.III 581916 ?France
Portugal		50 built from 1922 at Alverca
Nieuport Ni.83 71917 ?France
Caudron G.IV 919181923France
Breguet 14 A.2281919 ?France
Breguet 14 T.21
SPAD S.VII C.11219191935FranceMore units possibly received
Martinsyde F-4 Buzzard 419191933UK
Nieuport Ni.21 81920 ?France
Nieuport Ni.80 31920 ?France
Breguet 16 Bn.211921 ?France
Vickers Valparaiso II419231933UK
Vickers Valparaiso I101924
Caudron C.59 11924 ?France
Fairey IIID119241925UK
Avro 548 AX Airdisco 219241933UK
Avro 504K2719241937UK
Dornier Wal 11927 ?Germany
Potez 25 Bidon 119281937France
Potez 25 A.23519311943
Junkers W 34L119281936Germany
Farman F.191 119291934France
Morane-Saulnier MS.130 11931 ?France
Morane-Saulnier MS.133 41931 ?France
Morane-Saulnier MS.233 151931 ?FranceBuilt under license
Junkers A50Ce Junior 119311940Germany
Vickers Valparaiso III1319331943UKBuilt under license
de Havilland DH.82 Tiger Moth 1119341952UK
Portugal		Small number of airframes built under license in Alverca; Transferred to PoAF
de Havilland DH.82A Tiger Moth 9
de Havilland DH.85 Leopard Moth 11934 ?UKAircraft named "Dilly", did Lisbon-Timor-Macau-India-Lisbon flight on December 25, 1934
Avro 631 Cadet 119341952UK
Caproni Ca.100 Caproncino 119341940Italy
Caproni Ca.113 Farfalla 119341939Italy
Hawker Fury I319341945UK
Avro 626 Tutor 3119361952UK
Junkers Ju 52 1219361952GermanyTransferred to PoAF [1] [2]
Junkers Ju 52/3 mg3e
de Havilland DH.84 Dragon 31937 ?UK
Hawker Hind 41937 ?UK
de Havilland DH.88 Comet 11937 ?UKReregistered CS-AAJ Salazar
Junkers Ju 86K-7 1019381948Germany
Gloster Gladiator II 3019381952UK [78] [79] [80]
Breda Ba.65Bis 1019391941Italy
Curtiss 75A-4 Mohawk 1719411945USA
Miles Master II/III1319411958UK
Miles Martinet T.T.I71942 ?UK
Lockheed P-38F Lightning 219421945USAInterned during WWII after an emergency landing in Lisbon [81]
Lockheed P-38G Lightning
Supermarine Spitfire I1819421948UK
Supermarine Spitfire VB9319431952Transferred to PoAF
Bell P-400 Airacobra 1519421950USAInterned during WWII [82] [83]
Bell P-39L Airacobra 4
Consolidated B-24/PB4Y-1 Liberator 61943 ?USAInterned during WWII
Douglas C-47 Dakota 119441952USAInterned during WWII.
Transferred to PoAF [3]
de Havilland Hornet Moth 11943 ?UK
Bristol Blenheim IV1019431947UK
Bristol Blenheim V3
Lockheed Hudson III/VI31943 ?USAInterned during WWII
Hawker Hurricane IIB/IIC14219431954UK
Westland Lysander IIIA1319431952UK
Vickers Wellington X11943 ?UKInterned during WWII
Airspeed Oxford 1919431952UKTransferred to PoAF
Miles Magister I1019461952UKTransferred to PoAF
Beechcraft Bonanza 11947 ?USA
Avro Anson T.11019471952UKTransferred to PoAF
North American AT-6A Texan 4819471952USATransferred to PoAF
North American AT-6B Texan
North American AT-6C Texan
North American AT-6G Texan
Boeing SB-17G Flying Fortress 519471960USATransferred to PoAF
Douglas C-54 Skymaster 919471978USATransferred to PoAF
Douglas SC-54/HC-54 Searchmaster 91947 ?USA3 used for spares
de Havilland DH.89A Dragon Rapide 119501952UKTransferred to PoAF
de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk 1019511952UKTransferred to PoAF
Piper PA-18/L-21 B Super Cub 2219521955USAUsed by Army artillery for observation, already after dissolution of the Army Aviation and the creation of the PoAF in 1952. Transferred to PoAF only in 1955

See also

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References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Afonso and Gomes 2000, pp. 178–183.
  2. 1 2 "Junkers Ju 52" (in Portuguese). Esquadra 502. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
  3. 1 2 "The C-47 /DC-3 / Dakota". 25 October 2009. Archived from the original on 20 October 2009. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Mais Alto 348, p. 37
  5. ↑ Roach 1991, p. 158
  6. ↑ "Os nossos Vampiros e um outro que ... nem por isso... (M394-3RF/2010)" (in Portuguese). Pássaro de Ferro. 4 July 2010. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
  7. ↑ "De Havilland Production List". Airport-data.com. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
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  12. ↑ Mais Alto 350
  13. ↑ "Saunders Roe Skeeter". Helicopter History Site. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
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  15. ↑ Mais Alto 401, p. 13
  16. ↑ Mais Alto 401, p. 17
  17. ↑ Hagedorn and Hellström 1994
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  21. ↑ "Martins, Nuno (2009). A Luftwaffe em Portugal 1964-1993" (in Portuguese). Wakarounds. 28 May 2009. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
  22. 1 2 3 "Portugal - Portuguese Air Force - PoAF". F-16.net. Retrieved 2 March 2013.
  23. ↑ "Janes | Latest defence and security news".
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  25. ↑ WEBTEAM, FAP-. "Força Aérea Portuguesa". www.emfa.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-11-10.
  26. ↑ Martini, Fernando "Nunão" De (2009-02-27). "Chegam a Portugal os primeiros C-295". Poder Aéreo – Aviação, Forças Aéreas, Indústria Aeroespacial e de Defesa (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 2022-11-10.
  27. ↑ Machado, Miguel (April 2, 2011). ""PITVANT": PRIMEIRO PASSO PARA UM UAV PORTUGUÊS?" ["PITVANT": First step for a Portuguese UAV?] (in Portuguese). Operacional. Retrieved August 4, 2013.
  28. ↑ Machado, Miguel (July 30, 2012). "SOBRE TERRA E SOBRE O MAR, OS UAV DA FORÇA AÉREA" [Over the land and over the sea, the UAVs of the Air Force] (in Portuguese). Operacional. Retrieved August 4, 2013.
  29. ↑ "MAIS TRÊS F-16 PARA A FAP [M2388 - 20/2023]" . Retrieved 2023-04-23.
  30. ↑ WEBTEAM, FAP-. "Força Aérea Portuguesa". www.emfa.pt (in European Portuguese). Retrieved 2019-10-04.
  31. 1 2 "Resolução do Conselho de Ministros n.º 27/2021, de 22 de março".
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  34. ↑ "KAMOV TRANSFERIDOS PARA A FORÇA AÉREA [M2289 - 6/2022]" . Retrieved 2022-02-10.
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  41. ↑ admin (2023-08-30). "Portugal to Buy German Navy P-3C Orion Maritime Patrol Aircraft Fleet for €45 Million". MilitaryLeak. Retrieved 2023-09-04.
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  51. ↑ ""Sistema crucial". Exército confirma compra de 36 drones novos - DN". www.dn.pt (in Portuguese). 13 September 2018. Retrieved 2021-01-16.
  52. ↑ EXÉRCITO HI-TECH | REPORTAGEM CM , retrieved 2021-06-04
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  56. ↑ "Defence 360º on Instagram: "A viatura táctica ligeira blindada de operações especiais @urovesa VAMTAC ST5 E1/E2 da Força de Operações Especiais do 🇵🇹 @Exercito_pt permite o transporte e utilização do sistema aéreo remotamente pilotado @Parrot ANAFI USA."". Instagram. Retrieved 2022-09-04.
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  58. ↑ "Força Portuguesa na Roménia realiza exercício de validação dos meios de comunicação de Rádio e Dados". Facebook .
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  67. ↑ Revista da Armada 347, p. 8
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