Mercury(I) bromide

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Mercury(I) bromide
Mercury-I-bromide.svg
Mercury(I)-bromide-xtal-3D-SF.png
Names
IUPAC name
Dimercury dibromide
Other names
Mercury(I) bromide
Mercurous bromide
Identifiers
  • 10031-18-2 Yes check.svgY
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.150.337 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 621-489-2
PubChem CID
UNII
UN number 1634
  • InChI=1S/2BrH.2Hg/h2*1H;;/q;;2*+1/p-2
    Key: RVARJMCTILSHND-UHFFFAOYSA-L
  • Br[Hg][Hg]Br
Properties
Hg2Br2
Molar mass 560.99 g/mol
Appearancewhite to yellow tetragonal crystals
Odor odorless
Density 7.307 g/cm3, solid
Melting point 405 °C (761 °F; 678 K)
Boiling point ~ 390 °C (734 °F; 663 K) sublimes [1]
3.9 x 10−5 g/100 mL
6.4×1023 [2]
Solubility insoluble in ether, acetone, alcohol
28.6·10−6 cm3/mol
Structure
linear
Hazards [3]
GHS pictograms GHS-pictogram-skull.svg GHS-pictogram-silhouette.svg GHS-pictogram-pollu.svg
GHS Signal word Danger
H300, H310, H330, H373, H410
P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P310, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501
Flash point non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions
Mercury(I) fluoride
Mercury(I) chloride
Mercury(I) iodide
Other cations
Zinc bromide
Cadmium bromide
Related compounds
Mercury(II) bromide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
X mark.svgN  verify  (what is  Yes check.svgYX mark.svgN ?)
Infobox references

Mercury(I) bromide or mercurous bromide is the chemical compound composed of mercury and bromine with the formula Hg2Br2. It changes color from white to yellow when heated [1] and fluoresces a salmon color when exposed to ultraviolet light. It has applications in acousto-optical devices. [4]

Contents

A very rare mineral form is called kuzminite and has the chemical formula Hg2(Br,Cl)2.

Reactions

Mercury(I) bromide is prepared by the oxidation of elemental mercury with elemental bromine or by adding sodium bromide to a solution of mercury(I) nitrate. [1] It decomposes to mercury(II) bromide and elemental mercury[ when? ]. [4]

Structure

In common with other Hg(I) (mercurous) compounds which contain linear X-Hg-Hg-X units, Hg2Br2 contains linear BrHg2Br units with an Hg-Hg bond length of 249 pm (Hg-Hg in the metal is 300 pm) and an Hg-Br bond length of 271 pm. [5] The overall coordination of each Hg atom is octahedral as, in addition to the two nearest neighbours, there are four other Br atoms at 332 pm. [5] The compound is often formulated as Hg22+ 2Br, [6] although it is actually a molecular compound.

Related Research Articles

Bromine Chemical element, symbol Br and atomic number 35

Bromine is a chemical element with the symbol Br and atomic number 35. It is the third-lightest halogen, and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured vapour. Its properties are intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine. Isolated independently by two chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig and Antoine Jérôme Balard, its name was derived from the Ancient Greek βρῶμος ("stench"), referring to its sharp and disagreeable smell.

Mercury(I) chloride Chemical compound

Mercury(I) chloride is the chemical compound with the formula Hg2Cl2. Also known as the mineral calomel (a rare mineral) or mercurous chloride, this dense white or yellowish-white, odorless solid is the principal example of a mercury(I) compound. It is a component of reference electrodes in electrochemistry.

Phosphorous acid is the compound described by the formula H3PO3. This acid is diprotic (readily ionizes two protons), not triprotic as might be suggested by this formula. Phosphorous acid is an intermediate in the preparation of other phosphorus compounds. Organic derivatives of phosphorous acid, compounds with the formula RPO3H2, are called phosphonic acids.

Zinc bromide Chemical compound

Zinc bromide (ZnBr2) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula ZnBr2. It is a colourless salt that shares many properties with zinc chloride (ZnCl2), namely a high solubility in water forming acidic solutions, and good solubility in organic solvents. It is hygroscopic and forms a dihydrate ZnBr2·2H2O.

Arsenic tribromide Chemical compound

Arsenic tribromide is the inorganic compound with the formula AsBr3. This pyramidal molecule is the only known binary arsenic bromide. AsBr3 is noteworthy for its very high refractive index of approximately 2.3. It also has a very high diamagnetic susceptibility. The compound exists as colourless deliquescent crystals that fume in moist air.

Yttrium(III) bromide Chemical compound

Yttrium(III) bromide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula YBr3. It is a white solid. Anhydrous yttrium(III) bromide can be produced by reacting yttrium oxide or yttrium(III) bromide hydrate and ammonium bromide. The reaction proceeds via the intermediate (NH4)3YBr6. Another method is to react yttrium carbide (YC2) and elemental bromine. Yttrium(III) bromide can be reduced by yttrium metal to YBr or Y2Br3. It can react with osmium to produce Y4Br4Os.

Tin(II) bromide is a chemical compound of tin and bromine with a chemical formula of SnBr2. Tin is in the +2 oxidation state. The stability of tin compounds in this oxidation state is attributed to the inert pair effect.

Mercury(I) sulfide or mercurous sulfide is a hypothetical chemical compound of mercury and sulfur, with elemental formula Hg
2
S
. Its existence has been disputed; it may be stable below 0 °C or in suitable environments, but is unstable at room temperature, decomposing into metallic mercury and mercury(II) sulfide.

Copper(I) bromide Chemical compound

Copper(I) bromide is the chemical compound with the formula CuBr. This diamagnetic solid adopts a polymeric structure akin to that for zinc sulfide. The compound is widely used in the synthesis of organic compounds and as a lasing medium in copper bromide lasers.

Mercury(I) sulfate Chemical compound

Mercury(I) sulfate, commonly called mercurous sulphate (UK) or mercurous sulfate (US) is the chemical compound Hg2SO4. Mercury(I) sulfate is a metallic compound that is a white, pale yellow or beige powder. It is a metallic salt of sulfuric acid formed by replacing both hydrogen atoms with mercury(I). It is highly toxic; it could be fatal if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed by skin.

Beryllium bromide Chemical compound

Beryllium bromide is the chemical compound with the formula BeBr2. It is very hygroscopic and dissolves well in water. The compound is a polymer with tetrahedral Be centres.

Selenium hexafluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula SeF6. It is a very toxic colourless gas described as having a "repulsive" odor. It is not widely encountered and has no commercial applications.

Mercury(I) iodide Chemical compound

Mercury(I) iodide is a chemical compound of mercury and iodine. The chemical formula is Hg2I2. It is photosensitive and decomposes easily to mercury and HgI2.

Mercury(II) bromide Chemical compound

Mercury(II) bromide or mercuric bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula HgBr2. This white solid is a laboratory reagent. Like all mercury salts, it is highly toxic.

Mercury(I) fluoride Chemical compound

Mercury(I) fluoride or mercurous fluoride is the chemical compound composed of mercury and fluorine with the formula Hg2F2. It consists of small yellow cubic crystals, which turn black when exposed to light.

Mercury polycations are polyatomic cations that contain only mercury atoms. The best known example is the Hg2+
2
ion, found in mercury(I) (mercurous) compounds. The existence of the metal–metal bond in Hg(I) compounds was established using X-ray studies in 1927 and Raman spectroscopy in 1934 making it one of the earliest, if not the first, metal–metal covalent bonds to be characterised.

Mercury(I) nitrate Chemical compound

Mercury(I) nitrate is a chemical compound with the formula Hg2(NO3)2. It was first discovered by Prafulla Chandra Ray It is used in the preparation of other mercury(I) compounds, and is toxic.

Dibromine monoxide Chemical compound

Dibromine monoxide is the chemical compound composed of bromine and oxygen with the formula Br2O. It is a dark brown solid which is stable below −40°C and is used in bromination reactions. It is similar to dichlorine monoxide, the monoxide of its halogen neighbor one period higher on the periodic table. The molecule is bent, with C2v molecular symmetry. The Br−O bond length is 1.85Å and the Br−O−Br bond angle is 112°, similar to dichlorine monoxide.

Dibromine pentoxide Chemical compound

Dibromine pentoxide is the chemical compound composed of bromine and oxygen with the formula Br2O5. It is a colorless solid that is stable below −20 °C. It has the structure O2Br−O−BrO2, the Br−O−Br bond is bent with bond angle 121.2°. Each BrO3 group is pyramidal with the bromine atom at the apex.

Selenium tetrabromide is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula SeBr4.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Perry, Dale L.; Phillips, Sidney L. (1995), Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, CRC Press, p. 255, ISBN   0-8493-8671-3 , retrieved 2008-05-30
  2. John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–188. ISBN   978-1138561632.
  3. "483230 Mercury(I) bromide 99.9+ %". Sigma-Aldrich. Retrieved 2008-05-30.
  4. 1 2 Macintyre, Jane Elizabeth; Daniel, F. M.; Stirling, V. M. (1992), Dictionary of Inorganic Compounds, 1, CRC Press, p. 314, ISBN   0-412-30120-2 , retrieved 2008-05-30
  5. 1 2 Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN   0-19-855370-6
  6. Cotton, F. Albert; Wilkinson, Geoffrey; Murillo, Carlos A.; Bochmann, Manfred (1999), Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (6th ed.), New York: Wiley-Interscience, ISBN   0-471-19957-5