Names | |
---|---|
IUPAC name Beryllium bromide | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.196 |
EC Number |
|
PubChem CID | |
UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | |
| |
| |
Properties | |
Be Br2 | |
Molar mass | 168.820 g/mol |
Appearance | colorless white crystals |
Density | 3.465 g/cm3 (20 °C) |
Melting point | 508 °C (946 °F; 781 K)sublimes at 473 °C (883 °F; 746 K) |
Boiling point | 520 °C (968 °F; 793 K) [1] |
Highly [1] | |
Solubility | soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, pyridine insoluble in benzene |
Structure | |
Orthorhombic | |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) | 0.4111 J/g K |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 9.5395 J/K |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -2.094 kJ/g |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards | see Berylliosis |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H301, H315, H317, H319, H330, H335, H350i, H372, H411 | |
P260, P301+P310, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P320, P330, P405, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) | TWA 0.002 mg/m3 C 0.005 mg/m3 (30 minutes), with a maximum peak of 0.025 mg/m3 (as Be) [2] |
REL (Recommended) | Ca C 0.0005 mg/m3 (as Be) [2] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) | Ca [4 mg/m3 (as Be)] [2] |
Related compounds | |
Other anions | Beryllium fluoride Beryllium chloride Beryllium iodide |
Other cations | Magnesium bromide Calcium bromide Strontium bromide Barium bromide Radium bromide |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). |
Beryllium bromide is the chemical compound with the formula BeBr2. It is very hygroscopic and dissolves well in water. The Be2+ cation, which is relevant to BeBr2, is characterized by the highest known charge density (Z/r = 6.45), making it one of the hardest cations and a very strong Lewis acid. [3]
It can be prepared by reacting beryllium metal with elemental bromine at temperatures of 500 °C to 700 °C: [1]
When the oxidation is conducted on an ether suspension, one obtains colorless dietherate: [4]
The same dietherate is obtained by suspending beryllium dibromide in diethyl ether: [5]
This ether ligand can be displaced by other Lewis bases.is ether ligand can be displaced by other Lewis bases.
Beryllium bromide hydrolyzes slowly in water: BeBr2 + 2 H2O → 2 HBr + Be(OH)2
Two forms (polymorphs) of BeBr2 are known. Both structures consist of tetrahedral Be2+ centers interconnected by doubly bridging bromide ligands. One form consist of edge-sharing polytetrahedra. The other form resembles zinc iodide with interconnected adamantane-like cages. [6] [7]
Beryllium compounds are toxic if inhaled or ingested.
Hydrobromic acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide. It is a strong acid formed by dissolving the diatomic molecule hydrogen bromide (HBr) in water. "Constant boiling" hydrobromic acid is an aqueous solution that distills at 124.3 °C (255.7 °F) and contains 47.6% HBr by mass, which is 8.77 mol/L. Hydrobromic acid is one of the strongest mineral acids known.
Hydrogen bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula HBr. It is a hydrogen halide consisting of hydrogen and bromine. A colorless gas, it dissolves in water, forming hydrobromic acid, which is saturated at 68.85% HBr by weight at room temperature. Aqueous solutions that are 47.6% HBr by mass form a constant-boiling azeotrope mixture that boils at 124.3 °C (255.7 °F). Boiling less concentrated solutions releases H2O until the constant-boiling mixture composition is reached.
Iron(II) chloride, also known as ferrous chloride, is the chemical compound of formula FeCl2. It is a paramagnetic solid with a high melting point. The compound is white, but typical samples are often off-white. FeCl2 crystallizes from water as the greenish tetrahydrate, which is the form that is most commonly encountered in commerce and the laboratory. There is also a dihydrate. The compound is highly soluble in water, giving pale green solutions.
Molybdenum(V) chloride is the inorganic compound with the empirical formula MoCl5. This dark volatile solid is used in research to prepare other molybdenum compounds. It is moisture-sensitive and soluble in chlorinated solvents.
Arsenic tribromide is an inorganic compound with the formula AsBr3, it is a bromide of arsenic. Arsenic is a chemical element that has the symbol As and atomic number 33. This pyramidal molecule is the only known binary arsenic bromide. AsBr3 is noteworthy for its very high refractive index of approximately 2.3. It also has a very high diamagnetic susceptibility. The compound exists as colourless deliquescent crystals that fume in moist air.
Iron(II) bromide refers to inorganic compounds with the chemical formula FeBr2(H2O)x. The anhydrous compound (x = 0) is a yellow or brownish-colored paramagnetic solid. The tetrahydrate is also known, all being pale colored solids. They are common precursor to other iron compounds.
Cadmium bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula CdBr2. It is a white hygroscopic solid. It also can be obtained as a mono- and tetrahydrate. It has few applications.
Indium(III) bromide, (indium tribromide), InBr3, is a chemical compound of indium and bromine. It is a Lewis acid and has been used in organic synthesis.
Copper(I) bromide is the chemical compound with the formula CuBr. This white diamagnetic solid adopts a polymeric structure akin to that for zinc sulfide. The compound is widely used in the synthesis of organic compounds and as a lasing medium in copper bromide lasers.
Basic beryllium acetate is the chemical compound with the formula Be4O(O2CCH3)6. This compound adopts a distinctive structure, but it has no applications and has been only lightly studied. It is a colourless solid that is soluble in organic solvents.
Magnesium bromide are inorganic compounds with the chemical formula MgBr2(H2O)x, where x can range from 0 to 9. They are all white deliquescent solids. Some magnesium bromides have been found naturally as rare minerals such as: bischofite and carnallite.
Beryllium chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula BeCl2. It is a colourless, hygroscopic solid that dissolves well in many polar solvents. Its properties are similar to those of aluminium chloride, due to beryllium's diagonal relationship with aluminium.
Group 2 organometallic chemistry refers to the chemistry of compounds containing carbon bonded to any group 2 element. By far the most common group 2 organometallic compounds are the magnesium-containing Grignard reagents which are widely used in organic chemistry. Other organometallic group 2 compounds are rare and are typically limited to academic interests.
Beryllium iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula BeI2. It is a hygroscopic white solid. The Be2+ cation, which is relevant to salt-like BeI2, is characterized by the highest known charge density (Z/r = 6.45), making it one of the hardest cations and a very strong Lewis acid.
Nickel(II) bromide is the name for the inorganic compounds with the chemical formula NiBr2(H2O)x. The value of x can be 0 for the anhydrous material, as well as 2, 3, or 6 for the three known hydrate forms. The anhydrous material is a yellow-brown solid which dissolves in water to give blue-green hexahydrate (see picture).
Organorhenium chemistry describes the compounds with Re−C bonds. Because rhenium is a rare element, relatively few applications exist, but the area has been a rich source of concepts and a few useful catalysts.
Beryllium borohydride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Be[BH4]2.
Chromium(III) bromide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CrBr3. It is a dark colored solid that appears green in transmitted light but red with reflected light. It is used as a precursor to catalysts for the oligomerization of ethylene.
Chromium(II) bromide is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula CrBr2. Like many metal dihalides, CrBr2 adopts the "cadmium iodide structure" motif, i.e., it features sheets of octahedral Cr(II) centers interconnected by bridging bromide ligands. It is a white solid that dissolves in water to give blue solutions that are readily oxidized by air.
Organoberyllium chemistry involves the synthesis and properties of organometallic compounds featuring the group 2 alkaline earth metal beryllium (Be). The area remains less developed relative to the chemistry of other main-group elements, because Be compounds are toxic and few applications have been found.