Phytochemistry– study of chemicals derived from plants, especially the structures of the large number of secondary metabolites found in plants, the functions of these compounds in human and plant biology, and the biosynthesis of these compounds
Plant anatomy/Phytotomy – study of the internal structure of plants, i.e., the structure of plant cells and tissues
Plant biochemistry– study of chemical processes of primary and secondary metabolism
Plant cell biology– study of the structure (ultrastructure) and function (cell physiology) of plant cell
Plant cytology– study of the structure and function of plant cells, including their organelles and components
Plant developmental biology– study of how a single plant cell grows and develops into a complex, multicellular organism
Plant evolution– subset of evolutionary phenomena that concern plants
Phytogeography/Plant Biogeography – study of plant distributions
Phytosociology/Phytocoenology/Plant sociology – study of groups of species of plant that are usually found together in a community and their interactions
Plant systematics– study of plant classification and evolutionary relationships
Plant taxonomy– science that finds, identifies, describes, classifies, and names plants
Plant ecology– subdiscipline of ecology that studies the distribution and abundance of plants, the effects of environmental factors upon the abundance of plants, and the interactions among plants and between plants and other organisms
Geobotany/Botanical geogrpahy – branch of biogeography that is concerned with the geographic distribution of plant species and their influence on the Earth's surface
Conservation biology– study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems
Paleoethnobotany/Archaeobotany – study of past human-plant interactions through the recovery and analysis of ancient plant remains
Paleophycology/Paleoalgology – subdiscipline of paleobotany dealing with the study and identification of fossil algae and their evolutionary relationships and ecology
Applied
Agroforestry/Agro-sylviculture/fForest farming – polyculture land use management system that integrates trees with crops or pasture, combining agricultural and forestry technologies
Agronomy– science and technology of producing and using plants by agriculture for food, fuel, fiber, chemicals, recreation, or land conservation
Economic botany– study of the relationship between people (individuals and cultures) and plants of economic use and value.
Ethnobotany– interdisciplinary field that studies the relationships between humans and plants, focusing on traditional knowledge of how plants are selected, used, managed, and perceived in human societies
Floriculture– branch of horticulture which studies the efficient production of the plants that produce showy, colorful flowers and foliage for human enjoyment in human environments
Plant biotechnology– technology to modify plants and using plants to synthesize products
Plant breeding– science of changing the traits of plants in order to produce desired characteristics and improve the quality of plant products for use by humans and animals
Silviculture– practice of controlling the growth, composition/structure, as well as quality of forests to meet values and needs, specifically timber production
Viticulture/Viniculture/Winegrowing – branch of horticulture dealing with the cultivation and harvesting of grapes
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