West Freehold, New Jersey

West Freehold, New Jersey
Census-designated place
Along Schanck Road in the neighborhood of Stonehurst East
Map of West Freehold highlighted with in Monmouth County. Right: Location of Monmouth County in New Jersey.
West Freehold Location in Monmouth County Show map of Monmouth County, New Jersey West Freehold Location in New Jersey Show map of New Jersey West Freehold Location in the United States Show map of the United States
Coordinates: 40°13′51″N74°17′39″W / 40.230905°N 74.294073°W / 40.230905; -74.294073
Country	United States
State	New Jersey
County	Monmouth
Township	Freehold
Area [1]
• Total	5.93 sq mi (15.35 km2)
• Land	5.91 sq mi (15.31 km2)
• Water	0.01 sq mi (0.04 km2)  0.24%
Elevation [2]	141 ft (43 m)
Population  (2020) [3]
• Total	13,596
• Density	2,299.34/sq mi (887.76/km2)
Time zone	UTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)	UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
Area code(s)	732/848
FIPS code	34-79100 [4] [5] [6]
GNIS feature ID	02390471 [4] [7]

West Freehold is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) within Freehold Township, in Monmouth County, New Jersey, United States. ^{[8] [9] [10]} As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 13,613. ^[11] Due to the community's close proximity to the Battle of Monmouth, West Freehold is home to several important historical structures, which have been preserved in the 'West Freehold Village Historic District'. ^[12] The historically preserved Monmouth Battlefield, along with the historic villages of Clarksburg, Englishtown, Smithburg and Tennent are a short distance away.

History

The State of New Jersey became a colony of England on June 24, 1664, after the Duke of York granted a patent to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkely for what is now New Jersey.

West Freehold (also historically known as 'Mount's Corner') was settled as early as the late seventeenth century by primarily of English and Scottish Presbyterians, Baptists, and Quakers escaping religious persecution from Scotland and nearby New England. ^{[13] [14]} A major transportation artery that was located in West Freehold was "The Burlington Path", a stagecoach route meant to connect Burlington, which was at the time the Capital of West Jersey, and Perth Amboy, which was at the time the Capital of East Jersey. ^[15] Much of modern day Monmouth Road/West Main Street (County Route 537) coincides in general direction and trajectory with this historic stagecoach route. Many colonial era structures are still standing in the 'West Freehold Village Historic District', near the intersection of West Main Street and Stillwells Corner Road/Wemrock Road. ^[12]

Escondido Restaurant in the historic district of West Freehold, located next to Moore's Tavern & Restaurant

Mount's Tavern

Today known as Moore's Tavern & Restaurant, this tavern is one of the most famous historical structures in the Township. As a stagecoach stop for "the Burlington Path", there is documentation of the tavern's license being renewed from 1787, suggesting that the tavern was in use prior to that. Moses Mount, a Private during the Revolutionary War and aide to George Washington, was the inn's first keeper. ^{[12] [16]}

Moore's Tavern in the historic district of West Freehold since 1787

West Freehold schoolhouse

The Levi Solomon Farmstead

Mount's Corner Historic Plaza with the Jewish Heritage Museum in the background

The township in its early days was a place of refuge for persecuted religious groups, such as Presbyterians, Baptists, and Quakers. The Solomon family were some of New Jersey's earliest Jewish settlers. They settled on a large piece of farmland, roughly where much of the modern day shopping center 'Mount's Corner' is located, as early as 1720. ^[17] During the Battle of Monmouth, their dwelling had suffered significant damage from invading British troops. Luckily, matriarch Hannah Solomon, who was widowed, and her two sons were able to save their house after it was set on fire. ^[12] The original barn that was built on the farm in the 1800s is now the location of the Monmouth County Jewish Heritage Museum; "dedicated to the promotion of public awareness of the county’s Jewish heritage for the education and enjoyment of both children and adults." ^[17]

West Freehold Schoolhouse

Located at what is now Wemrock Road, adjacent to West Main Street, this schoolhouse was built in 1848 and educated the children that lived within the community until 1937. The property was part of the Rulif R. Schanck Farmstead, which is now the Elizabeth Oakley Farm (Museum). ^[12]

Walker, Combs, Hartshorne, Oakley Farmstead

The Oakley Farmhouse in Autumn

Operated for centuries, this property is the earliest remaining farmstead in Freehold and is one of the oldest preserved structures in Monmouth County. Settled in 1686, the property was situated on 110 acres (45 ha) of land, owned by East Jersey proprietors John Barclay, Robert Barclay, John Reid and John Bowne. ^[18] Since then, the farmstead had been transferred/sold by multiple families including; Barclay, Reid, Bowne, Clark, Walker, Combs, Schanck, Hartshorne, and Oakley. ^[12]

By 1981, the farmstead was the largest operating farm in Monmouth County. ^[19] At that time, Elizabeth Oakley was the last to inhabit inside the structure and was fascinated in the home's rich history. She worked hard to preserve it, having accomplished her life's goal in having the farm be placed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1990. ^{[18] [19]}

Toll House

Toll house on the Oakley Farm

The Toll House located on the property of the Walker, Combs, Hartshorne, Oakley Farmstead is one of only two remaining toll houses in New Jersey. ^[20] Built in ca. 1850, it was owned and operated by a group of farmers living along "the Burlington Path". The toll separated two sides of the two-lane stagecoach route; the side of the tollroad heading southwest towards Smithburg was known as the 'Freehold-Smithburg Turnpike' and the other side of the tollroad heading northeast towards 'Elk's Point' (what is now Freehold Borough). ^[20]

Community

There are many residential neighborhoods in West Freehold, consisting of various different types of single-family homes. The two largest neighborhoods, are Stonehurst East and Stonehurst West. The homes in Stonehurst were primarily built in the 1960s and 1970s, on large swaths of former farmland. ^{[21] [22] [23]}

The neighborhood of Stonehurst West at the intersection of Double Creek Parkway and Fern Avenue

Raintree is a mixed-use lifestyle center centrally located near County Route 537. The gated community features luxurious condominiums that were built in the 1980s and 1990s, along with a wide array of amenities offered to its residents. The Raintree Town Center is the shopping center in the area. ^{[24] [25]}

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP had a total area of 5.927 square miles (15.350 km²), including 5.913 square miles (15.314 km²) of land and 0.014 square miles (0.036 km²) of water (0.24%). ^{[4] [26]}

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1980	9,929		—
1990	11,166		12.5%
2000	12,498		11.9%
2010	13,613		8.9%
2020	13,596		−0.1%
Population sources: 1980 [27] 1990–2010 [8] 2000 [28] 2010 [11] [3]

2010 census

The 2010 United States census counted 13,613 people, 4,941 households, and 3,612 families in the CDP. The population density was 2,302.3 per square mile (888.9/km²). There were 5,108 housing units at an average density of 863.9 per square mile (333.6/km²). The racial makeup was 87.06% (11,851) White, 3.17% (431) Black or African American, 0.22% (30) Native American, 6.19% (842) Asian, 0.01% (1) Pacific Islander, 1.59% (217) from other races, and 1.77% (241) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.13% (1,107) of the population. ^[11]

Of the 4,941 households, 35.9% had children under the age of 18; 61.0% were married couples living together; 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present and 26.9% were non-families. Of all households, 23.0% were made up of individuals and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.26. ^[11]

25.1% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 24.0% from 25 to 44, 29.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.4 years. For every 100 females, the population had 91.8 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 89.5 males. ^[11]

2000 census

As of the 2000 United States Census ^[5] there were 12,498 people, 4,659 households, and 3,429 families living in the CDP. The population density was 822.1/km² (2,130.3/mi²). There were 4,740 housing units at an average density of 311.8/km² (807.9/mi²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 90.68% White, 2.46% African American, 0.15% Native American, 4.28% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.13% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.38% of the population. ^[28]

There were 4,659 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.1% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 22.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.10. ^[28]

In the CDP the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 28.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males. ^[28]

The median income for a household in the CDP was $72,577, and the median income for a family was $87,609. Males had a median income of $62,074 versus $36,563 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $33,218. About 3.7% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.0% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over. ^[28]

Infrastructure

Transportation

New Jersey Transit provides local bus transportation on the 307 route. It also provides bus transportation to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan on the 139 route, and to the Newark/Jersey City/Hoboken area on the 67 route. ^[29] Major roads that run through the CDP include Monmouth Road/West Main Street (County Route 537) within the heart of the community and home to numerous businesses, Elton-Adelphia Road (County Route 524) on the community's southern edge near Turkey Swamp Park, U.S. Route 9, which also happens to feature numerous businesses, on the eastern edge, New Jersey Route 79 at the northeastern corner, and the New Jersey Route 33 freeway, known as the "Freehold Bypass", on the community's northern edge with interchanges at Wemrock Road, CR 537, and US 9/Route 79.

Healthcare

CentraState Medical Center is affiliated with Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School. The facility has 287 beds and is part of CentraState Healthcare System, the county's fourth-largest employer. ^[30] It is located on West Main Street (County Route 537).

Nearby historic communities

• Adelphia in Howell Township
• The Cassville Crossroads Historic District in Jackson Township
• Clarksburg in Millstone Township
• Dayton in South Brunswick
• Dutch Neck in West Windsor Township
• Jerseyville in Howell Township
• Lincroft in Middletown Township
• The Livingston Avenue Historic District in New Brunswick
• Marlboro in Marlboro Township, along with a detailed list of Historic Sites in Marlboro Township
• The Middletown Village Historic District in Middletown Township
• The Monmouth Battlefield Historic District in Freehold Township and Manalapan Township
• Monmouth Junction in South Brunswick
• The Ocean Grove Historic District in Neptune Township
• Old Bridge in East Brunswick
• Perrineville in Millstone Township
• Plainsboro Center in Plainsboro Township
• Princeton Junction in West Windsor Township
• The Road Up Raritan Historic District in Piscataway
• Tennent in Manalapan Township
• Wayside in Tinton Falls and Ocean Township

References

1. "ArcGIS REST Services Directory". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
2. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: West Freehold Census Designated Place, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed August 5, 2012.
3. "Census Population API". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 11, 2022.
4. Gazetteer of New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 21, 2016.
5. U.S. Census website, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
6. Geographic Codes Lookup for New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed June 9, 2023.
7. US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.
8. New Jersey: 2010 – Population and Housing Unit Counts – 2010 Census of Population and Housing (CPH-2-32), United States Census Bureau, August 2012. Accessed December 14, 2012.
9. GCT-PH1 – Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – County – County Subdivision and Place from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for Monmouth County, New Jersey Archived February 12, 2020, at archive.today , United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 14, 2012.
10. Locality Search, State of New Jersey. Accessed April 19, 2015.
11. DP-1 – Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for West Freehold CDP, New Jersey Archived February 12, 2020, at archive.today , United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 5, 2012.
12. "Historic Sites Tours: West Freehold Village Area", Freehold Township. Accessed September 9, 2020.
13. "Freehold History", Freehold Township Heritage Society. Accessed September 9, 2020.
14. Salter’s History of Monmouth and Ocean Counties New Jersey: The First Legislative Assembly in New Jersey., Accessed September 9, 2020.
15. History of the Burlington Path Archived June 9, 2020, at the Wayback Machine , Freehold Township Heritage Society. Accessed September 9, 2020.
16. History, Moores Tavern and Restaurant. Accessed September 9, 2020.
17. "About Us", Jewish Heritage Museum. Accessed September 9, 2020.
18. "History Of Walker Combs Hartshorne (Oakley) Farm.", Freehold Township. Accessed September 9, 2020.
19. Oakley Farm Museum, Crossroads of the American Revolution: National Heritage Area. Accessed September 9, 2020.
20. "History Of The Toll House Located At Oakley Museum.", Freehold Township. Accessed September 9, 2020.
21. "Aerial view of Stonehurst East, 1963". Historic Aerials. 1963. Retrieved October 4, 2015.{{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
22. "Aerial view of Stonehurst East, 1970". Historic Aerials. 1970. Retrieved October 4, 2015.{{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
23. Google (March 4, 2015). "Stonehurst West, New Jersey" (Map). Google Maps . Google. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
24. , 'Welcome to Raintree at Freehold'. Accessed December 21, 2021.
25. , Levin Management: RAINTREE TOWN CENTER. Accessed December 21, 2021.
26. US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
27. Staff. 1980 Census of Population: Number of Inhabitants United States Summary, p. 1-141. United States Census Bureau, June 1983. Accessed January 12, 2012.
28. DP-1 – Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 from the Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for West Freehold CDP, New Jersey Archived February 12, 2020, at archive.today , United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 9, 2012.
29. Monmouth County Bus / Rail connections, New Jersey Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of July 26, 2010. Accessed August 5, 2012.
30. Who We Are, CentraState Medical Center. Accessed March 20, 2020.