Demographics of Ontario

Last updated

Population Density of Ontario in 2016 Canada Ontario Density 2016.png
Population Density of Ontario in 2016

Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canada's most populous province by a large margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians, and is the second-largest province in total area. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are included. It is home to the nation's capital city, Ottawa, and the nation's most populous city, Toronto.

Contents

Vital statistics

Birth Rate: 9.7/1,000 people (2021) [1]

Death Rate: 8.1/1,000 people (2021) [1]

Life Expectancy at birth: 81 years (2006 est) [2]

Infant Mortality rate: 5.2 (2007 est) [3]

Age structure

Age GroupsTotalPercentageMaleFemale
0 to 4 years723,0164.91%370,982352,034
5 to 9 years762,6545.18%389,331373,323
10 to 14 years792,9475.38%403,611389,336
15 to 19 years852,4055.79%436,529415,876
20 to 24 years1,039,6617.06%543,213496,448
25 to 29 years1,077,4337.31%555,954521,479
30 to 34 years1,041,9527.07%527,137514,815
35 to 39 years992,8446.74%493,399499,445
40 to 44 years921,3786.25%446,692474,686
45 to 49 years932,0586.33%454,915477,143
50 to 54 years968,5466.57%478,610489,936
55 to 59 years1,073,5197.29%532,834540,685
60 to 64 years961,2436.52%469,926491,317
65 to 69 years803,9625.46%383,637420,325
70 to 74 years673,5464.57%316,777356,769
75 to 79 years461,0153.13%212,100248,915
80 to 84 years319,5482.17%140,109179,439
85 to 89 years204,2271.39%81,946122,281
90 to 94 years98,6380.67%33,53065,108
95 to 99 years29,5270.20%7,51522,012
100 years and over3,8950.03%7013,194
Total14,734,014100%7,279,4487,454,566

[4]

Population history

YearPopulation5 year
% change		10 year
% change		% Canadian
population
1824150,066--n/a
1830213,156--n/a
1840432,159-102.7%39.93% [a]
1851952,004--51.32% [a]
18611,396,091-46.6%55.58% [a]
18711,620,851-16.1%43.9%
18811,926,922-18.8%45.4%
18912,114,321-9.7%48.9%
19012,182,947-3.2%40.6%
19112,527,292-15.8%35.1%
19212,933,662-16.1%33.4%
19313,431,683-17.0%33.1%
19413,787,655-10.4%32.9%
19514,597,542-21.3%32.8%
19565,404,93317.6%-33.6%
19616,236,09215.4%35.6%34.2%
19666,960,87011.6%28.8%34.9%
19717,703,10510.7%23.5%35.7%
19768,264,4657.3%18.7%35.9%
19818,625,1074.4%12.0%35.4%
19869,101,6955.5%10.1%36.0%
199110,084,88510.8%16.9%36.9%
199610,753,57310.7%18.2%37.3%
200111,410,0466.1%13.2%38.0%
200612,160,2826.6%13.1%38.4%
201112,851,8215.7%12.6%38.4%
201613,448,4944.6%9.6%38.3%
202114,223,9425.8%9.7%38.5%

Source: Statistics Canada [5]

Population geography

Census Metropolitan Areas

City2021 [7] 2016 [8] 2011 [9] 2006 [10] 2001 [11] 1996 [12] 1991 [12]
Toronto 6,202,2255,928,0405,583,0645,113,1494,682,8974,263,7573,898,933
Ottawa-Gatineau 1,488,3071,323,7831,236,3241,130,7611,063,6641,010,498941,814
Hamilton 785,184747,545721,053692,911662,401624,360599,760
Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 575,847523,894477,160451,235414,284382,940356,421
London 543,551494,069474,786457,720432,451398,616381,522
St. Catharines-Niagara 433,604406,074392,184390,317377,009372,406364,552
Windsor 422,630329,144319,246323,342307,877278,685262,075
Oshawa 415,311379,848356,177330,594296,298268,773240,104
Barrie 212,856197,059187,013177,061148,480118,69597,150
Kingston 172,546161,175159,561152,358146,838143,416136,401
Greater Sudbury 170,605164,689160,770158,258155,601160,488157,613
Guelph 165,588151,984141,097127,009117,344105,42097,667
Brantford 144,162134,203135,501124,60786,417100,23897,106
Peterborough 128,624121,721118,975|102,423100,19398,060-
Thunder Bay 123,258121,621121,596122,907121,986125,562124,925
Belleville 111,184103,472101,66891,51887,39587,871-
Chatham-Kent 104,316102,042104,075108,589107,709--

Ethnic origins

As of 2016 census. [13]

Ethnic groupResponses%
Canadian 3,109,77023.48
English 2,808,81021.21
Scottish 2,107,29015.91
Irish 2,095,46515.82
French 1,349,25510.19
German 1,189,6708.98
Italian 931,8057.04
Chinese 849,3406.41
East Indian 774,4955.85
Dutch (Netherlands) 527,7503.99
Polish 523,4903.95
First Nations 385,5052.91
Ukrainian 376,4402.84
Filipino 337,7602.55
Portuguese 324,9302.45
British, not included
elsewhere		323,1802.44
Jamaican 257,0551.94
Russian 220,8501.67
Welsh 198,4701.50
Spanish 171,1451.29
Hungarian (Magyar) 163,5001.23
Pakistani 149,0601.13
Greek 148,5551.12
American (USA) 140,1651.06
Métis 137,4851.04

Note: The table takes dual responses (for example if someone is French-Canadian they would be added to both French and Canadian). Some places of one's ethnic origin do not refer to a single specified country of origin, i.e. Spanish refers to people from Spanish speaking countries such as Colombia, Spain, Mexico, Cuba and others; or East Indian where the respondents origin could be from Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, etc.; and the list contains about 200 nationalities known to reside in the province. However, there are options for the respondent to identify the country alone.

As regards ethnic origins and Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) of highest concentration (minimum: 1%):

Ethnic originCMA% of population
Chinese Toronto 12.0
East Indian Toronto 11.0
Filipino Toronto 4.7
Jamaican Toronto 3.4
Russian Toronto 2.4
Pakistani Toronto 2.1
Sri Lankan Toronto 2.0
Spanish Toronto 1.8
Greek Toronto 1.7
Iranian Toronto 1.7
Korean Toronto 1.3
Other African origins, n.i.e Toronto 1.1
Jewish Toronto 1.0
Haitian Ottawa-Gatineau 1.1
Croatian Hamilton 1.9
German Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 21.8
Portuguese Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 4.1
Romanian Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 1.9
Swiss Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo 1.5
Belgian London 1.1
Lebanese Windsor 3.3
Iraqi Windsor 2.2
American Windsor 1.7
Serbian Windsor 1.4
Arab, n.o.s. Windsor 1.0
British Isles origins, n.i.e. Barrie 3.7
Canadian Greater Sudbury 45.6
French Greater Sudbury 37.7
Vietnamese Guelph 1.6
Dutch Brantford 8.0
Hungarian Brantford 3.2
English Peterborough 39.1
Irish Peterborough 32.5
Scottish Peterborough 26.3
Welsh Peterborough 2.6
Italian Thunder Bay 14.0
Ukrainian Thunder Bay 13.5
Finnish Thunder Bay 11.4
First Nations Thunder Bay 10.5
Polish Thunder Bay 7.1
Swedish Thunder Bay 4.5
Métis Thunder Bay 2.9
Norwegian Thunder Bay 2.8
Slovak Thunder Bay 2.0
Danish Thunder Bay 1.1

Future projections

Panethnic origin projections in Ontario (2031–2041) [14] [15] [16] [17]
Panethnic group203120362041
Pop. %Pop.%Pop.%
European [a] 9,335,0009,215,0009,044,000
South Asian 2,562,0002,992,0003,371,000
East Asian [b] 1,444,0001,583,0001,706,000
African 1,133,0001,288,0001,433,000
Middle Eastern [c] 858,0001,018,0001,168,000
Southeast Asian [d] 784,000897,0001,006,000
Indigenous 576,000623,000666,000
Latin American 355,000398,000438,000
Other/multiracial [e] 364,000410,000456,000
Projected Ontario population17,411,00018,424,00019,288,000

Visible minorities and Indigenous peoples

Indigenous identity in Ontario, 2021 Ontario Indigenous Identity 2021.svg
Indigenous identity in Ontario, 2021
Visible minority population in Ontario, 2021 Ontario Visible Minorities 2021.svg
Visible minority population in Ontario, 2021
Visible minority and Indigenous population (2021 Canadian census) 2016 Census 2011 NHS2006 Census2001 Census1996 Census1991 census [18] 1986 census [18]
Population groupPopulation %Population%Population%Population%Population%Population%PopulationPopulation
European [nb 1] 8,807,80562.8%8,982,1808,930,83570.6%8,879,90073.8%8,944,19079.3%8,714,68081.9%––
Visible minority group
Source: [19] 		South Asian 1,515,29510.8%1,150,415965,9907.6%794,1706.6%554,8704.9%390,0553.7%––
Chinese 820,2455.8%754,550629,1405.0%576,9804.8%481,5054.3%391,0903.7%––
Black 768,7405.5%627,715539,2054.3%473,7653.9%411,0953.6%356,2153.3%215,775158,140
Filipino 363,6502.6%311,675275,3802.2%203,2201.7%156,5151.4%117,3651.1%––
Arab 284,2152.0%210,435151,6451.2%111,4050.9%88,5400.8%––
Latin American 249,1901.8%195,950172,5601.4%147,1351.2%106,8350.9%85,7450.8%––
West Asian 212,1851.5%154,670122,5301.0%96,6150.8%67,1000.6%––
Southeast Asian 167,8451.2%133,855137,8751.1%110,0450.9%86,4100.8%75,9100.7%––
Korean 99,4250.7%88,93578,2950.6%69,5400.6%53,9550.5%35,4000.3%––
Japanese 31,4200.2%30,83029,0850.2%28,0800.2%24,9250.2%24,2750.2%––
Arab/West Asian118,6551.1%––
Visible minority, n.i.e.124,1200.9%81,13081,1300.6%56,8450.5%78,9150.7%52,1700.5%––
Multiple visible minority181,0251.3%97,97096,7350.8%77,4050.6%42,3750.4%35,1600.3%––
Total visible minority population4,817,36034.3%3,885,5853,279,56525.9%2,745,20522.8%2,153,04519.1%1,682,04515.8%––
Indigenous group
 First Nations (North American Indian) 251,0301.8%236,680338,4802.7%311,8302.5%131,5601.2%––
Métis 134,6151.0%120,58589,9750.7%81,3200.7%48,3400.4%––
Inuk (Inuit) 4,3100.0%3,8605,3100.0%4,2500.0%1,3800.0%––
Multiple Indigenous responses7,1150.1%5,7307,6300.1%6,3950.1%1,6900.0%––
Indigenous responses n.i.e.9,5150.1%7,5405,3450.0%––
Total Indigenous population406,5852.9%374,395441,395 [20] 3.5% 403,790 3.4% 188,315 1.7% 246,065 2.3%––
Total population14,031,750100.0%13,242,160100.0%12,651,795100.0%12,028,895100.0%11,285,550100.0%10,642,790100.0%––

There is a striking difference between the Toronto CMA[ citation needed ] (5,862,850) and the rest of Ontario (7,379,310); in particular, in the Toronto CMA visible minorities account for 51.4% of the population (3,011,900), whereas in the rest of Ontario the percentage of visible minorities in the overall population is much lower, at 11.8% (873,685). Back in 1996,1,338,095 of 4,232,905 Toronto CMA residents belonged to a visible minority, [21] i.e. 31.6% of its population; regarding the rest of Ontario, only 343,950 of its 6,409,885 residents, i.e. 5.4%, were visible minorities. [22]


Language

The following figures are from the 2016 census. [4] The tables includes languages that were selected by at least 0.99 per cent of respondents. Respondents to the census are able to provide multiple responses for questions relating to knowledge of languages, and mother tongue.

Knowledge of languages

The question on knowledge of languages allows for multiple responses. The following figures are from the 2021 Canadian Census and the 2016 Canadian Census, and lists languages that were selected by at least one per cent of respondents.

Knowledge of official languages of Canada in Ontario (2016)
LanguagePercentage
English only
 
86.05%
French only
 
0.30%
English and French
 
11.19%
Neither English nor French
 
2.46%
Knowledge of languages in Ontario
Language 2021 [23] 2016
Pop. %Pop.%
English 13,650,23012,879,04597.26%
French 1,550,5451,521,02011.49%
Mandarin 467,420385,4522.91%
Hindi 436,125250,0951.89%
Spanish 401,205337,6152.55%
Punjabi 397,865282,0652.13%
Cantonese 352,135341,8752.58%
Arabic 342,860246,0151.86%
Italian 312,800333,6452.52%
Urdu 295,175231,5001.75%
Tagalog 271,445232,9351.76%
Portuguese 208,575193,5201.46%
Tamil 192,890157,7001.19%
German 158,115189,0351.43%
Russian 155,340N/A<1%
Gujarati 143,240N/A<1%
Iranian Persian 138,910 [note 1] 145,465 [note 3] 1.10% [note 4]
Polish 134,985142,9851.08%

Mother tongue

LanguageResponses% [note 5]
Single responses
English8,902,32066.87
French490,7153.68
Mandarin283,7352.13
Cantonese275,3152.07
Italian231,0401.74
Punjabi197,0601.48
Spanish191,0251.43
Arabic171,3701.29
Urdu152,3851.14
Portuguese150,0001.13
Tagalog163,4151.23
German131,5250.99
Multiple responses
English and French54,0450.51
English and non-official language288,2852.17
French and non-official language12,5650.09
English, French, and non-official language11,0100.08

Religion

Religion in Ontario in 2011, Statscan National Household Survey Religion in Ontario.png
Religion in Ontario in 2011, Statscan National Household Survey
Religious groups in Ontario (1981−2021)
Religious group 2021 [24] 2011 [25] 2001 [26] 1991 [27] 1981 [28]
Pop. %Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%
Christianity 7,315,8108,167,2958,413,4958,160,7307,622,530
Irreligion 4,433,6752,927,7901,841,2901,247,640620,815
Islam 942,990581,950352,525145,56052,110
Hinduism 573,700366,720217,560106,70541,655
Sikhism 300,435179,765104,79050,08516,645
Buddhism 164,215163,750128,32065,32518,595
Judaism 196,100195,540190,795175,640148,255
Indigenous spirituality 15,98515,905——————
Other 88,84553,08036,77025,3708,805
Total responses14,031,75012,651,79511,285,5459,977,0558,534,260
Total population14,223,94212,851,82111,410,04610,084,8858,625,107

Migration

Immigration

Ontario is a very diverse province. For example, 54.8% of the population of Toronto was born outside Canada, [29] which is the second-largest percentage of immigrants in a single city on Earth, after Miami. Hamilton is ranked the third-most diverse urbanized area in Canada (after Toronto and Vancouver).[ citation needed ]

Ontario immigration [30] : 36–37  [31] : 78  [32] : 239  [33] : 108 
YearImmigrant percentageImmigrant populationTotal population
1851399,494952,004
1861493,2121,396,091
1881427,5081,926,922
1891403,3892,114,321
1901324,1602,182,947
1911507,8462,527,292
1921641,6832,933,662
1931804,2853,431,683
1941733,2823,787,655
1951849,9654,597,542
19611,353,1576,236,092
19711,707,4007,703,110

The 2021 census reported that immigrants (individuals born outside Canada) comprise 4,206,585 persons or 30.0 percent of the total population of Ontario. [34]

Immigrants in Ontario by country of birth
Country of birth2021 [35] [34] 2016 [36] 2011 [37] [38] 2006 [39] [40] 2001 [41] [42]
Pop. %Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%Pop.%
India495,750360,545310,410258,530174,560
China355,955317,220267,780229,950164,885
Philippines268,575231,760204,035151,375119,215
United Kingdom239,485264,120291,935321,645342,900
Pakistan165,530142,265114,595100,94060,385
Italy135,640157,815170,710198,315210,540
Jamaica122,770119,840111,475109,360105,410
Sri Lanka112,730109,855110,80089,61072,990
United States111,390109,005115,045106,40598,190
Hong Kong108,480108,035105,855111,630119,615
Total immigrants4,206,5853,852,1453,611,3653,398,7253,030,075
Total responses14,031,75013,242,16012,651,79512,028,89511,285,545
Total population14,223,94213,448,49412,851,82112,160,28211,410,046

Recent immigration

The 2021 Canadian census counted a total of 584,680 people who immigrated to Ontario between 2016 and 2021. [34]

Recent immigrants to Ontario by country of birth (2016 to 2021) [34]
Country of birthPopulation% recent immigrants
India139,655
China54,645
Philippines45,235
Syria30,180
Pakistan23,970
United States17,940
Nigeria16,575
Iran13,215
Iraq12,940
Jamaica9,975
Total584,680

Interprovincial migration

Net cumulative interprovincial migration per Province from 1997 to 2017, as a share of population of each Provinces Net cumulative interprovincial migration, 1997 to 2017, as a share of population, 2016.png
Net cumulative interprovincial migration per Province from 1997 to 2017, as a share of population of each Provinces

Ontario's interprovincial migration rate have shifted over the years. It was negative in the 1970s, positive in the 1980s, but then negative again in the 1990s. It went back to the positive in around the time of the turn of the millennium for a few years, but has been in the negatives constantly from 2003 to 2015, and has been in the positives since then. Over the period from 1971 to 2015, Ontario was the province which experience the second lowest levels of interprovincial in-migration and out-migration, second only to Quebec. [43]

Interprovincial migration in Ontario
In-migrantsOut-migrantsNet migration
2008–0957,45873,059−15,601
2009–1059,74164,403−4,662
2010–1158,31762,324−4,007
2011–1260,45971,070−10,611
2012–1354,67868,579−13,901
2013–1457,41571,979−14,564
2014–1562,87471,569−8,695
2015–1671,79062,7139,077
2016–1771,71758,33513,382
2017–1869,91859,9749,944
2018–1977,28165,55011,731
2019–2097,03189,2107,821

Source: Statistics Canada

See also

BC
AB
SK
MB
ON
QC
NB
PE
NS
NL
YT
NT
NU
ON-Canada-province.png
Demographics of Canada's provinces and territories

Notes

  1. ↑ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
  2. ↑ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
  3. ↑ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
  4. ↑ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
  5. ↑ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.
  1. ↑ 2021 census data differentiates between Persian registers (Dari, Farsi (Iranian Persian), and other. Number also includes Persian (Farsi) not otherwise specified
  2. ↑ 2021 census data differentiates between Persian registers (Dari, Farsi (Iranian Persian), and other. Number also includes Persian (Farsi) not otherwise specified
  3. ↑ Included all Persian registers, as 2016 census data did not differentiate between either.
  4. ↑ Included all Persian registers, as 2016 census data did not differentiate between either.
  5. ↑ The following is the total figure from all respondents, including single, and multi-answered respondents.
  1. ↑ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an Indigenous identity.

References

  1. 1 2 "Estimates of the components of natural increase, quarterly1, 2" . Retrieved March 18, 2022.
  2. ↑ "Life expectancy at birth, by sex, by province". Archived from the original on January 14, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  3. ↑ "Infant mortality rates, by province and territory". Archived from the original on October 5, 2011. Retrieved August 2, 2010.
  4. 1 2 "Census Profile, 2016 Census - Ontario [Province] and Canada [Country]". Archived from the original on September 14, 2017. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
  5. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Archived from the original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  6. ↑ "Population estimates on July 1st, by age and sex".
  7. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Archived from the original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  8. ↑ "Population and Dwelling Count Highlight Tables, 2016 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. February 8, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  9. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2011 and 2006 censuses". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  10. ↑ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2006 and 2001 censuses - 100% data". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  11. ↑ "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 and 1996 Censuses - 100% Data". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  12. 1 2 "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Census Metropolitan : Areas in Decreasing Order of 1996 Population, 1991 and 1996 Censuses - 100% Data". Statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  13. ↑ "Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity Highlight Tables - Ethnic Origin, both sexes, age (total), Ontario, 2016 Census – 25% Sample data". 12.statcan.gc.ca. October 25, 2017. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  14. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (September 8, 2022). "Canada in 2041: A larger, more diverse population with greater differences between regions". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  15. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (September 8, 2022). "Projected population by racialized group, generation status and other selected characteristics (x 1,000)". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  16. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 6, 2021). "Projections of the Indigenous populations and households in Canada, 2016 to 2041". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  17. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 6, 2021). "Projected population by Indigenous identity, age group, sex, area of residence, provinces and territories, and projection scenario, Canada (x 1,000)". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 20, 2023.
  18. 1 2 Commission on Systemic Racism in the Ontario Criminal Justice System. (1995). Report of the Commission on Systemic Racism in the Ontario Criminal Justice System. Robarts - University of Toronto. Toronto : Queen's Printer for Ontario. ISBN   978-0-7778-4718-3.
  19. ↑ "2011 National Household Survey Profile - Province/Territory". 12.statcan.gc.ca. May 8, 2013. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  20. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (May 8, 2013). "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables – Aboriginal Ancestry (6), Single and Multiple Aboriginal Ancestry Responses (3), Age Groups (6) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved August 29, 2019.
  21. ↑ "1996 Census - Toronto CMA".
  22. ↑ "1996 Census - Ontario Visible Minority".
  23. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (August 17, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population Profile table Ontario [Province]". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved August 17, 2022.
  24. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 26, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  25. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (November 27, 2015). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  26. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (July 2, 2019). "2001 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  27. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (March 29, 2019). "Data tables, 1991 Census R9101 - Population by Religion (29), Showing Age Groups (13) Education (20% Data) - Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  28. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "1981 Census of Canada 20 per cent data base : highlight information on ethnicity, place of birth, citizenship, income, language, immigration, religion, shelter costs". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved April 14, 2023.
  29. ↑ "TMMIS - Committees" (PDF). Toronto.ca. Retrieved May 27, 2018.
  30. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (September 21, 2023). "Census of the Canadas, 1851-2, Personal Census, Volume 1". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved December 3, 2023.
  31. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (September 21, 2023). "Census of the Canadas, 1860-61, volume 1". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved October 7, 2023.
  32. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (April 3, 2013). "Sixth census of Canada,1921 . Vol. II: Ages, conjugal condition, birthplace, birthplace of parents, year of immigration and naturalization, language spoken, literacy, school attendance, blindness and deaf-mutism". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  33. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (September 4, 2022). "1971 Census of Canada : population : vol. I – part 3 = Recensement du Canada 1971 : population : vol. I – partie 3. Birthplace. TABLE 42. Population Bom Outside Canada, Showing Numerical and Percentage Distribution, for Canada and Provinces, 1921-1971". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  34. 1 2 3 4 Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (October 26, 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved December 4, 2022.
  35. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (June 21, 2023). "Place of birth and period of immigration by gender and age: Province or territory". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
  36. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (June 17, 2019). "Data tables, 2016 Census Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11), Place of Birth (272), Age (7A) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 2016 Census - 25% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  37. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (January 23, 2019). "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables Profile - Immigration and Ethnocultural Diversity, and Aboriginal Peoples for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, National Household Survey, 2011". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  38. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (January 23, 2019). "2011 National Household Survey: Data tables Citizenship (5), Place of Birth (236), Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (11), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved November 11, 2023.
  39. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (March 23, 2009). "Place of birth for the immigrant population by period of immigration, 2006 counts and percentage distribution, for Canada, provinces and territories - 20% sample data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  40. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (May 1, 2020). "2006 Census Topic-based tabulations Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (8) and Place of Birth (261) for the Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  41. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (December 23, 2013). "2001 Census Topic-based tabulations Immigrant Status and Period of Immigration (10A) and Place of Birth of Respondent (260) for Immigrants and Non-permanent Residents, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2001 Census - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  42. ↑ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (December 23, 2013). "2001 Census Topic-based tabulations Selected Places of Birth (85) for the Immigrant Population, for Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 1996 and 2001 Censuses - 20% Sample Data". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved March 4, 2023.
  43. ↑ "Interprovincial Migration in Canada: Quebeckers Vote with Their Feet" (PDF). www.fraserinstitute.org. Retrieved December 26, 2018.
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