Deniliquin railway line

Deniliquin
Deniliquin
Overview
Other name(s)	Bendigo; Echuca;
Status	Operational
Owner	VicTrack
Locale	Victoria & New South Wales, Australia
Termini	Deniliquin ; Southern Cross ;
Service
Type	Heavy rail
Services	Ararat ; Ballarat ; Bendigo ; Echuca; Geelong ; Sunbury ; Swan Hill ; Warrnambool ;
Operator(s)	Passenger: Metro Trains, V/Line ; Freight: Pacific National, Qube Holdings, Southern Shorthaul Railroad
History
Commenced	1854
Completed	1876
Technical
Line length	324.7 km (201.8 mi)
Number of tracks	1 (between Deniliquin and Kyneton); 2 (between Kyneton and Sunshine); 4 (between Sunshine and Southern Cross);
Track gauge	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)
Electrification	1500 V DC overhead between Sunbury and Southern Cross
Route map
Route map
	Legend
	City Loop
	towards Flinders Street
	City Loop
	towards Flagstaff
	Melbourne Metro Tunnel
	under construction
	This diagram: view ; talk ; edit ;

Last updated August 01, 2024

The Deniliquin railway line (also known as the Bendigo railway line or the Echuca railway line) is a broad-gauge railway line serving north-western Victoria, Australia. The line runs from the New South Wales town of Deniliquin into Bendigo, before turning south-south-east towards Melbourne, terminating in Docklands near the central business district. It is a major trunk line both for passenger and freight trains, with many lines branching off from it.

History

The Company

Construction of the line was begun by the Melbourne, Mount Alexander & Murray River Railway Company, which was incorporated in 1852. The first thirteen sections of the line were constructed by contractors Cornish & Bruce, who gained a reputation for trying to reduce costs by taking shortcuts on materials and reducing worker's wages.^[1]^[2]

The company made almost no progress on the construction of the railway due to an inability to raise sufficient funds, and in 1856 it was purchased by the Victorian Government.^[3] Because Isambard Kingdom Brunel was at that time the Inspecting Engineer in Britain for the Victorian Government, some people have claimed that he was responsible for the railway's design. An examination of reports published by the Victorian Parliament has shown that claim to be erroneous. The route and structures were the work of the Victorian Railways Department, under the supervision of Engineer-in-Chief George Darbyshire, and completed under Thomas Higinbotham.^[4]

Design

The line was designed with two broad gauge tracks, high speed alignments cutting through the landscape, substantial bridges and railway stations built of bluestone, and double-headed rail.^[5]

Timeline of construction

Originating from Spencer Street Station, the line reached Sunbury in 1859. On 13 January 1859, the Government Railway from Melbourne to Sunbury was opened.^[6]

By 1861 it had reached Woodend and on 8 July 1861 the Sunbury to Woodend section opened.^[6]

By 1862 the Woodend to Kyneton section was built. On 25 April 1862 the Woodend to Kyneton section was opened.^[6]

Later in 1862, the line had been completed to Castlemaine and to Bendigo. On 7 October the first locomotive reached Bendigo. Another Official Opening was held at Castlemaine on 15 October 1862.

The whole of the Melbourne to Bendigo railway was formally opened at Bendigo on 20 October 1862 by the Governor of Victoria, Sir Henry Barkly.^[6]

The railway finally reached Echuca in 1864 and transformed the town into a major river port, with a famous wharf and substantial urban growth in the 1870s.^[7] In 1876 the Deniliquin and Moama Railway Company opened its 71 km (44 mi) private railway northwards to Barnes and Deniliquin,^[8] and the line at Echuca was extended across the Murray River into Moama to join the railway. This section was taken over by Victorian Railways in 1923,^[9] as part of the 1922 Border Railways Act.

Decline

Passenger rail services from Echuca to Balranald were withdrawn on 7 November 1975, with the last train a 153hp Walker railmotor. The Echuca to Kyabram service was withdrawn on 18 December 1975. The last train was also 153 hp Walker railmotor, the service being provided for school children and paid for by the Education Department.^[10] The Bendigo – Echuca – Deniliquin passenger service was withdrawn on 11 January 1979, with the last train being operated by a DERM.^[10] Toolamba – Echuca passenger services were withdrawn on 2 March 1981,^[10] leaving the town without any rail services.

Revival and present day

A twice-weekly passenger service from Bendigo to Echuca was reinstated in 1996. The passenger service was replaced with buses on 19 December 2004, pending an upgrade due to poor track condition. The rail service recommenced in late 2006. Since 2007, there is one train to/from Melbourne on weekdays and two on weekends, with the train speed between Bendigo and Echuca limited to 100 km/h because there are a number of unprotected level crossings.

The section between Bendigo and Sunbury was upgraded as part of the Regional Fast Rail project between 2005 and 2006.

The section of the Deniliquin railway line from Echuca to Deniliquin closed on 6 August 2010. The line has again re-opened in 2013 to service the SunRice Factory and Grain Silos.^[11]

Epsom railway station, located between Bendigo and Elmore stations, was opened on 12 October 2014. As part of the Regional Rail Revival project, a new station at Goornong opened on 12 December 2021,^[12] followed by another station at Huntly on 16 July 2022.^[13]^[14]

Branch lines

The Lancefield line was opened from Clarkefield (north of Sunbury) to Lancefield in 1881, and extended to Kilmore in 1892 to connect with the Heathcote railway line. This line was completely closed by 1956.

The Daylesford branch line was opened from Carlsruhe (between Woodend and Kyneton) to Daylesford in 1880. In 1887 it was later connected with a line from Ballarat. This Daylesford branch was closed in 1978, but part of it, between Daylesford and Bullarto, is now operated by the Daylesford Spa Country Railway as a heritage railway.

A branch line was built between Redesdale Junction (north of Kyneton) and Redesdale by 1900, but it closed in 1954.

The Maldon line was opened from Castlemaine to Maldon in 1884, and extended as far as Shelbourne in 1891, although it had originally been planned to run to Laanecoorie. The line from Maldon to Shelbourne was closed in 1969 following bush fire damage. The Maldon branch line closed in 1976.^[15] The Victorian Goldfields Railway has restored the line between Castlemaine and Maldon and operates trains over that section.

A branch line was built from Bendigo to Heathcote in 1888, which became a cross-country line in 1890 when connected to a line running from Heathcote Junction on the main North East railway line. The Bendigo–Heathcote line closed in 1958 and the Heathcote Junction to Heathcote branch was closed in November 1968.

A branch line was built from Elmore to Cohuna in 1910 and it was closed in the 1980s.

A branch line was built from Barnes to Moulamein and Balranald in 1926. The Moulamein–Balranald section was closed in the 1980s.

Piangil line

The Piangil line was extended north from Eaglehawk (just north of Bendigo on the line to Inglewood) in 1882, reaching Swan Hill in 1890. It remains in use today.

Robinvale line

The Robinvale line was opened from Bendigo to Inglewood in 1876, Korong Vale in 1882, Boort in 1883, Quambatook in 1894, Ultima in 1900, Chillingollah in 1909, Manangatang in 1914, Annuello in 1921 and Robinvale in 1924. This line is currently booked out of service.

Under the Border Railways Agreement of 1922, Victorian Railways commenced construction of a railway to Koorakee and Lette in New South Wales in 1924 (the Lette railway line), but this railway was never completed. The Murray River bridge between Robinvale and Euston was instead converted to a road bridge, but it was demolished upon completion of a new road bridge in 2006. However the lift span of the old bridge has been relocated to McGinty Park in Robinvale as part of an historic display.^[16] A short branch line was built from Wedderburn Junction (south of Korong Vale) to Wedderburn in the 1880s which closed in the 1980s.

There is currently no passenger service on this line.

Kulwin line

The Kulwin line was opened from Korong Vale to Wycheproof in 1883, Sea Lake in 1895, Nandaly in 1914, Mittyack in 1919 and Kulwin in 1919.

This line currently only handles grain trains. Until late 2006, rural rail network lessee Pacific National had mothballed the Mittyack to Kulwin section. There has not been passenger service on this line since 1978.

Features

There are substantial wrought iron and masonry viaducts at Sunbury, Malmsbury and Taradale, as well as two tunnels at Elphinstone and Big Hill.

The portal of the Big Hill railway tunnel, 390 metres long
A mix of new and old signalling at Castlemaine station
Sunbury Station prior to electrification

Passenger services

The Deniliquin line is used by many regional V/Line services and a commuter Metro Trains service.

Sunbury line commuter services operate on the entire Melbourne section of the line between Sunbury and Southern Cross, where it then enters the City Loop. Regional Bendigo line services operate on the same line between Bendigo (and sometimes Epsom) and Southern Cross. Swan Hill services enter the line at Bendigo from the Piangil line and also run on the same route into Melbourne.

The section of the line between Sunshine and Southern Cross is also used by Ararat, Ballarat, Geelong and Warrnambool services. At Sunshine, these services branch off onto the Serviceton line.

Most V/Line regional passenger trains operate on the second pair of tracks between Sunshine and Southern Cross that were built as part of the Regional Rail Link project, leaving the original pair of tracks for the primary use of the Sunbury commuter rail line.

Three services on weekdays and two services on weekends operate in each direction each day between Echuca and Southern Cross. Outside Melbourne, all services stops at all operating stations between Echuca and Sunbury. The service then runs express to Footscray, then to the terminus at Southern Cross. At Footscray, passengers may not board services to Southern Cross or alight services to Echuca.

Engineering heritage award

The railway line received an Engineering Heritage National Marker from Engineers Australia as part of its Engineering Heritage Recognition Program.^[17]

Related Research Articles

Clarkefield railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of Clarkefield, and it opened in December 1862 as Lancefield Road. It was renamed Lancefield Junction in 1881, renamed Clarkfield on 11 January 1926, and renamed Clarkefield on 23 February 1926.

Riddells Creek railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of Riddells Creek, and it opened on 8 July 1861. It was renamed Riddell on 9 May 1904, and was renamed Riddells Creek on 12 October 1976.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gisborne railway station</span> Railway station in Victoria, Australia

Gisborne railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of New Gisborne, and it opened on 8 July 1861.

Macedon railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of Macedon, and it opened on 8 July 1861 as Middle Gully. It was renamed Macedon on 1 April 1870.

Woodend railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of Woodend, and opened on 8 July 1861.

Kyneton railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of Kyneton, and opened on 25 April 1862.

Malmsbury railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of the same name, and opened on 21 October 1862.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Castlemaine railway station</span> Railway station in Victoria, Australia

Castlemaine railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of Castlemaine, and it opened on 21 October 1862.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Victorian Goldfields Railway</span> Tourist railway in Victoria, Australia

The Victorian Goldfields Railway is a 1,600 mm broad gauge tourist railway in Victoria, Australia. It operates along a formerly disused branch line between the towns of Maldon and Castlemaine.

The Tocumwal railway line is a 1,600 mm gauge railway line in Victoria, Australia. The line runs between the border town of Tocumwal in New South Wales to Southern Cross, Melbourne. The line is utilised by various passenger and freight trains serving the northern suburbs of Melbourne and northern regions of Victoria.

Elmore railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia, and serves the town of the same name. The station opened on 19 September 1864 as Runnymede, but was renamed Elmore on 1 November 1876.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Echuca railway station</span> Railway station in Victoria, Australia

Echuca railway station is located on the Deniliquin line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the town of Echuca, and opened on 19 September 1864.

The Mildura railway line is a heavy rail line in northwestern Victoria, Australia. The line runs from Yelta station to Ballarat station via the settlements of Mildura, Ouyen and Maryborough in an approximate south-southeasterly direction. Initial sections of the line opened from Ballarat in 1874 and the line reached Mildura in 1903.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carlsruhe railway station</span> Former railway station in Victoria, Australia

Carlsruhe railway station is a former railway station located in Carlsruhe, Victoria. The station is located on the Bendigo line and closed in 1982 as part of the New Deal for Country Passengers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robinvale railway line</span> Railway line in Victoria, Australia

The Robinvale railway line is a freight only country railway line in north-western Victoria, Australia. The line branches from the Mildura line at Dunolly, and at Inglewood the Eaglehawk – Inglewood line connects with the Piangil line outside Bendigo. The parallel Kulwin line junctions from the Robinvale line at Korong Vale then continues northward.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Walker railmotor</span> Diesel railcar

The family of Walker railmotors were a type of diesel railcar operated by the Victorian Railways in Australia.

The Moolort Line was a cross-country railway line which connected Maryborough and Castlemaine in Victoria, Australia. The line, now defunct, starts in Castlemaine, passes through Campbells Creek, Yapeen, Guildford, Strangways, Newstead, Moolort, and Carisbrook, before joining the Mildura line at Maryborough.

The Bendigo V/Line rail service is a regional passenger rail service operated by V/Line in Victoria, Australia. It serves 14 stations towards its terminus in the regional city of Bendigo. It is the third most-used regional rail service in Victoria, carrying 2.06 million passengers in the 2022-23 financial year.

References

↑ John Maxwell, 'Cornish, William Crocker (1815–1859)' Archived 13 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine , Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 3, Melbourne University Press, 1969, p. 464. Retrieved on 11 July 2009.
↑ John Maxwell, 'Bruce, John Vans Agnew (1822–1863)' Archived 13 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine , Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 3, Melbourne University Press, 1969, pp 277–278. Retrieved on 11 July 2009
↑ Museum Victoria. "Victorian Railways: Mount Alexander & Murray River Railway". museumsvictoria.com.au. Archived from the original on 17 February 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2009.
↑ "The True Story of the Design of the Bendigo Railway". Engineering Heritage Australia (Victoria). Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
↑ "Engineering Works in Victoria". Engineers Australia. Archived from the original on 5 May 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2012.
1 2 3 4 "Railway History in Victoria 1839 – 1900". Australian Railway Historical Society – Victorian Division. Archived from the original on 27 March 2013. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
↑ "Echuca-Moama Road Rail Bridge over Murray River". rta.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 3 January 2009.^{[ permanent dead link ]}
↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 January 1920). "Private Railways". Year Book Australia, 1921. abs.gov.au. Archived from the original on 8 August 2008. Retrieved 20 July 2008.
↑ "Infrastructure – Line Data Deniliquin line". Vicsig. Archived from the original on 30 August 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2009.
1 2 3 Chris Banger (March 1997). "Rail Passenger Service Withdrawals Since 1960". Newsrail. Australian Railway Historical Society (Victorian Division). pp. 77–82.
↑ "Deniliquin Line". www.nswrail.net. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
↑ "Goornong celebrates new station opening". Victoria's Big Build. 12 December 2021. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.
↑ Nakos, Nicholas (31 July 2020). "Three new train station concept maps released for Huntly, Goornong and Raywood". Bendigo Advertiser. Australian Community Media. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
↑ "Huntly Station construction fast-tracked". Department of Transport (Victoria). Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
↑ "History & Preservation". Victorian Goldfields Railway. Archived from the original on 12 March 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
↑ "New Murray River crossing at Euston – Robinvale". Roads and Maritime Services. New South Wales Government. Retrieved 24 February 2013.
↑ "Melbourne to Bendigo and Echuca Railway, 1862 –". Engineers Australia. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2020.

Engineering Heritage Victoria: Nomination for Recognition under the Engineering Heritage Australia Heritage Recognition Program for the Goldfields Railways – Melbourne, Bendigo & Echuca Railway

External links

Official map
Statistics and detailed schematic map at Vicsig enthusiast website

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.

[1] John Maxwell, 'Cornish, William Crocker (1815–1859)' Archived 13 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine , Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 3, Melbourne University Press, 1969, p. 464. Retrieved on 11 July 2009.

[2] John Maxwell, 'Bruce, John Vans Agnew (1822–1863)' Archived 13 April 2011 at the Wayback Machine , Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 3, Melbourne University Press, 1969, pp 277–278. Retrieved on 11 July 2009

[3] Museum Victoria. "Victorian Railways: Mount Alexander & Murray River Railway". museumsvictoria.com.au. Archived from the original on 17 February 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2009.

[4] "The True Story of the Design of the Bendigo Railway". Engineering Heritage Australia (Victoria). Archived from the original on 9 November 2013. Retrieved 24 January 2013.

[5] "Engineering Works in Victoria". Engineers Australia. Archived from the original on 5 May 2012. Retrieved 21 October 2012.

[railhist18391900-6] 1 2 3 4 "Railway History in Victoria 1839 – 1900". Australian Railway Historical Society – Victorian Division. Archived from the original on 27 March 2013. Retrieved 24 February 2013.

[7] "Echuca-Moama Road Rail Bridge over Murray River". rta.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 3 January 2009.^{[ permanent dead link ]}

[8] Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 January 1920). "Private Railways". Year Book Australia, 1921. abs.gov.au. Archived from the original on 8 August 2008. Retrieved 20 July 2008.

[9] "Infrastructure – Line Data Deniliquin line". Vicsig. Archived from the original on 30 August 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2009.

[nrs-10] 1 2 3 Chris Banger (March 1997). "Rail Passenger Service Withdrawals Since 1960". Newsrail. Australian Railway Historical Society (Victorian Division). pp. 77–82.

[11] "Deniliquin Line". www.nswrail.net. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2019.

[12] "Goornong celebrates new station opening". Victoria's Big Build. 12 December 2021. Archived from the original on 19 January 2022. Retrieved 3 May 2022.

[13] Nakos, Nicholas (31 July 2020). "Three new train station concept maps released for Huntly, Goornong and Raywood". Bendigo Advertiser. Australian Community Media. Archived from the original on 2 August 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[14] "Huntly Station construction fast-tracked". Department of Transport (Victoria). Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[15] "History & Preservation". Victorian Goldfields Railway. Archived from the original on 12 March 2007. Retrieved 24 February 2013.

[16] "New Murray River crossing at Euston – Robinvale". Roads and Maritime Services. New South Wales Government. Retrieved 24 February 2013.

[17] "Melbourne to Bendigo and Echuca Railway, 1862 –". Engineers Australia. Archived from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 3 May 2020.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]