Ferrari 156 F1

Last updated
Ferrari 156
Ferrari Tipo 156 Sharknose (1961) Solitude Revival 2019 IMG 1632.jpg
Category Formula One
Constructor Ferrari
Designer(s) Vittorio Jano (Technical Director)
Carlo Chiti (Chief Designer)
Predecessor 246 F1/246 P
Successor 158
Technical specifications
Chassis Tubular Spaceframe
Engine Ferrari Type 178, 1,476 cc (90.1 cu in), 120° V6 2 valves per cylinder DOHC, naturally aspirated Mid-engined, longitudinally mounted
Transmission Ferrari Type 543/C 5-speed manual
Fuel Shell
Tyres Dunlop
Competition history
Notable entrants Scuderia Ferrari
FISA
Scuderia Sant Ambroeus
Notable drivers Flag of the United States.svg Phil Hill
Flag of Germany.svg Wolfgang von Trips
Flag of the United States.svg Richie Ginther
Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Willy Mairesse
Flag of Italy.svg Giancarlo Baghetti
Flag of Mexico (1934-1968).svg Ricardo Rodríguez
Flag of Italy.svg Lorenzo Bandini
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg John Surtees
Flag of Italy.svg Ludovico Scarfiotti
Debut 1961 Monaco Grand Prix
RacesWins Poles F/Laps
29777
Constructors' Championships2 ( 1961 , 1964 ) [1]
Drivers' Championships1 ( 1961Phil Hill )
n.b. Unless otherwise stated, all data refer to
Formula One World Championship Grands Prix only.

The Ferrari 156 was a racing car made by Ferrari in 1961 to comply with then-new Formula One regulations that reduced engine displacement from 2.5- to 1.5-litres, similar to the pre-1961 Formula Two class for which Ferrari had developed a mid-engined car also called 156 F2.

Contents

Phil Hill won the 1961 World Championship of Drivers [2] and Ferrari secured the 1961 International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, [3] both victories achieved with the 156. [4]

Development

Sharknose

The 1961 version was affectionately dubbed "sharknose" due to its characteristic air intake "nostrils". A similar intake duct styling was applied to the five SP-series Ferraris [5] in 1961 and 1962 that were also designed by Carlo Chiti, and then again over forty years later to the Ferrari F430.

Wolfgang von Trips (1928-1961) driving the 156 at the 1961 Dutch Grand Prix, showing the car's distinctive "sharknose" Von Trips at 1961 Dutch Grand Prix (cropped).jpg
Wolfgang von Trips (1928–1961) driving the 156 at the 1961 Dutch Grand Prix, showing the car's distinctive "sharknose"

Ferrari started the season with a 65-degree Dino engine, then replaced by a new engine with the V-angle increased to 120-degrees and designed by Carlo Chiti. A V-6 engine with 120-degree bank is smoother at producing power because every 120-degree rotation of engine crankshaft produces a power pulse. This change increased the power by 7 kW (10 hp). Bore and stroke were 73.0 mm × 58.8 mm (2.87 in × 2.31 in) with a displacement of 1,476.60 cc (90.108 cu in) and a claimed 140 kW (188 hp) at 9500 rpm. [6] For 1962, a 4-valve per cylinder version was planned with 147 kW (197 hp) at 10,000 rpm, but never appeared. At the 1962 British Grand Prix, Phil Hill raced a new version with a six-speed transmission mounted in front of the engine. In August, at the German Grand Prix, Lorenzo Bandini tested a non-sharknose variant with modified front and rear suspension and a smaller radiator, [7] heralding the 156 Aero used in 1963.

1963 Ferrari 156 Aero

Ferrari 156 "Aero" at the 1964 Austrian Grand Prix 1964 Austria.jpg
Ferrari 156 "Aero" at the 1964 Austrian Grand Prix

The updated Ferrari 156, used in the 1963 and 1964 seasons, did not feature the distinctive sharknose design. [8] but had a rather conventional intake, somewhat larger than the Ferrari 158 introduced in 1964.

In 1963 the 120° V6 employed Bosch direct-fuel injection instead of carburetors and output increased to 147 kW (197 hp). The last victory for the Ferrari 156 was achieved by Italian Lorenzo Bandini in the 1964 Austrian Grand Prix. [9]

Technical data

Technical data 156 F1 156 Aero
Engine:  Mid-mounted 120° 6-cylinder V-engine
displacement: 1476.6 cm³
Bore x stroke: 73 x 58.8 mm
Compression: 9.8:1
Max power at rpm: 190 hp at 9 500 rpm205 hp at 10 500 rpm
Valve control:  Double Overhead Camshafts per cylinder bank, 2 valves per cylinder
Fuel system: 2 pcs Weber 40 IF3C Bosch fuel injection
Gearbox: 5-speed manual6-speed manual
suspension front: Double cross links, coil springs
suspension rear: Double cross links, coil springsUpper transverse link, lower triangle link, double longitudinal links,
coil springs, anti-roll bars
Brakes: Hydraulic disc brakes
Chassis & body: Frackersframe with aluminum bodySelf-supporting monocoque
Wheelbase: 230 cm238 cm
Dry weight: 420 kg460 kg
Dry speed: 260 km/h

Monza crash

On September 10, 1961, after a collision with Jim Clark's Lotus on the second lap of the Italian Grand Prix, the 156 of Wolfgang von Trips (Hill's teammate) became airborne and crashed into a side barrier, fatally throwing him from the car and killing fifteen spectators.

Replicas

Ferrari factory policy in the early 1960s meant that all the original cars were scrapped. [10] Since then at least two replicas of the 156 F1 have been constructed. One was created for the film La Passione , which features the car as a major subject, and another was constructed by an enthusiast for personal use. [11] A 156 replica is also exhibited in the "Galleria Ferrari". [12]

Famous drivers

Complete Formula One World Championship results

(key) (results in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)

YearEntrantEngineTyresDrivers12345678910PointsWCC
1961 Scuderia Ferrari SpA SEFAC Ferrari 188 1.5 V6
Ferrari 178 1.5 V6
D MON NED BEL FRA GBR GER ITA USA 40 (52)1st
Richie Ginther 2531538RetDNA
Phil Hill 3219231DNA
Wolfgang von Trips 412Ret12Ret
Olivier Gendebien 4
Willy Mairesse RetRet
Ricardo Rodríguez Ret
Pedro Rodríguez DNA
FISA Giancarlo Baghetti 1
Scuderia Sant Ambroeus RetRet
1962 Scuderia Ferrari SpA SEFAC Ferrari 178 1.5 V6 D NED MON BEL FRA GBR GER ITA USA RSA 186th
Phil Hill 323DNARetRet11
Giancarlo Baghetti 4RetDNA105DNA
Ricardo Rodríguez RetDNS4DNADNA614
Lorenzo Bandini 3DNARet8DNA
Willy Mairesse 7Ret4DNA
1963 Scuderia Ferrari SpA SEFAC Ferrari 178 1.5 V6 D MON BEL NED FRA GBR GER ITA USA MEX RSA 264th
Willy Mairesse RetRetRet
John Surtees 4Ret3Ret21Ret9DSQRet
Ludovico Scarfiotti DNA6DNS
Lorenzo Bandini Ret5Ret5
1964 Scuderia Ferrari SpA SEFAC Ferrari 178 1.5 V6 D MON NED BEL FRA GBR GER AUT ITA USA MEX 45 (49)1st
Lorenzo Bandini 10531
Ludovico Scarfiotti 9
North American Racing Team Pedro Rodríguez 6

Related Research Articles

ATS is an Italian automotive constructor. It once had a racing team that operated between 1963 and 1965, formed after the famous "Palace Revolution" at Ferrari.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1966 Italian Grand Prix</span> Motor car race

The 1966 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monza on 4 September 1966. It was race 7 of 9 in both the 1966 World Championship of Drivers and the 1966 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The race was the 36th Italian Grand Prix and the 32nd to be held at Monza. The race was held over 68 laps of the five kilometre circuit for a race distance of 391 kilometres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1968 Formula One season</span> 22nd season of the FIAs Formula One motor racing

The 1968 Formula One season was the 22nd season of the FIA's Formula One motor racing. It featured the 19th World Championship of Drivers, the 11th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, and three non-championship races open to Formula One cars. The World Championship was contested over twelve races between 1 January and 3 November 1968.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1966 Formula One season</span> 20th season of FIA Formula One motor racing

The 1966 Formula One season was the 20th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 17th World Championship of Drivers, the 9th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, and four non-championship races open to Formula One cars. The World Championship was contested over nine races between 22 May and 23 October 1966.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1964 Formula One season</span> 18th season of FIA Formula One motor racing

The 1964 Formula One season was the 18th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 15th World Championship of Drivers, the 7th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, and eight non-championship races open to Formula One cars. The World Championship was contested over ten races between 10 May and 25 October 1964.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1963 Formula One season</span> 17th season of FIA Formula One motor racing

The 1963 Formula One season was the 17th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 14th World Championship of Drivers, the 6th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, and numerous non-championship Formula One races. The World Championship was contested over ten races between 26 May and 28 December 1963.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1962 Formula One season</span> 16th season of FIA Formula One motor racing

The 1962 Formula One season was the 16th season of FIA Formula One motor racing. It featured the 13th World Championship of Drivers, the 5th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers, and numerous non-championship Formula One races. The World Championship was contested over nine races between 20 May and 29 December 1962.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pedro Rodríguez (racing driver)</span> Mexican racing driver (1940–1971)

Pedro Rodríguez de la Vega was a Mexican racing driver. He began his Formula One career in 1963, won the 1967 South African Grand Prix in a Cooper and the 1970 Belgian Grand Prix in a BRM. He was the older brother of Ricardo Rodríguez.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lorenzo Bandini</span> Italian racing driver (1935–1967)

Lorenzo Bandini was an Italian motor racing driver who raced in Formula One for the Scuderia Centro Sud and Ferrari teams. He had one win in 42 Formula One races, and died from an accident at the 1967 Monaco Grand Prix when his open-wheel Ferrari 312 overturned and caught fire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ludovico Scarfiotti</span> Italian racing driver (1933–1968)

Ludovico Scarfiotti was a Formula One and sports car driver from Italy. Just prior to entering Formula One, he won the 1963 24 Hours of Le Mans for Ferrari. He later participated in 12 World Championship Formula One grands prix, and many non-championship races. He won one World Championship race, and scored a total of 17 championship points. A motor sports competitor for a decade, Scarfiotti won the 1962 and 1965 European Hillclimb Championship. He was proclaimed Italy's best driver in both 1962 and 1965.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mike Parkes</span> British racing driver (1931–1977)

Michael Johnson Parkes was a British racing driver, from England. Parkes was born into an automotive background as his father John, was Chairman of the Alvis Group.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Willy Mairesse</span> Belgian racing driver (1928–1969)

Willy Mairesse was a Formula One and sports-car driver from Belgium. He participated in 13 World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 19 June 1960. He achieved one podium and scored a total of seven championship points. He committed suicide in a hotel room in Ostend after a crash at the 1968 24 Hours of Le Mans forced an end to his career.

The Ferrari P was a series of Italian sports prototype racing cars produced by Ferrari during the 1960s and early 1970s.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ferrari 312</span> Formula One racing car

The Ferrari 312 F1 was the designation of the 3 litre V-12 Formula One cars raced by the Italian team from 1966 to 1969.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Carlo Chiti</span> Italian race car designer

Carlo Chiti was an Italian racing car and engine designer best known for his long association with Alfa Romeo's racing department. He also worked for Ferrari and was involved in the design of the Ferrari 156 Sharknose car, with which Phil Hill won the 1961 championship.

The Ferrari 246 F1-66 was a racing car used by Scuderia Ferrari and Reg Parnell Racing during the 1966 Formula One season.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ferrari SP</span> Series of Italian sports prototype racing cars produced by Ferrari during the early 1960s

The Ferrari SP was a series of Italian sports prototype racing cars produced by Ferrari during the early 1960s. All featured a rear mid-engine layout, a first for a Ferrari sports car. Major racing accolades include the 1962 European Hill Climb Championship, two overall Targa Florio victories, in 1961 and 1962, and "1962 Coupe des Sports" title.

The Grand Prix racing history of Scuderia Ferrari dates back to 1947. The team is the most successful team in the history of Formula One racing, having contested every World Championship season since 1950, winning 15 Drivers' Championships and 16 Constructors' Championships.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ferrari V12 F1 engine</span> Reciprocating internal combustion engine

Ferrari has made a number of V12 racing engines designed for Formula One; made between 1950 and 1995. Some derived engines were also used in various Ferrari sports prototype race cars and production road cars.

Ferrari made four naturally-aspirated V6 racing engines designed for Formula One; between 1958 and 1966. The Formula One regulations for 1954–1960 limited naturally aspirated engines to 2500 cc, and for the 1958 season, there was a change from alcohol fuels to avgas. The 246 F1 used a 2,417.34 cc Dino V6 engine with a 65° angle between the cylinder banks. The power output was 280 PS at 8500 rpm. This was the first use of a V6 engine in a Formula One car, but otherwise the 246 F1 was a conventional front-engine design. The Ferrari 246 F1 was good enough to win a World Championship for Mike Hawthorn and a second place in the Constructors' Championship for Ferrari.

References

  1. In the 1964 season the 156 was used in 6 Grands Prix, driven by Lorenzo Bandini (4 races), Ludovico Scarfiotti and Pedro Rodríguez (each 1) and scored 9 points for the Constructors' Championship.
  2. FIA Yearbook 1973, Grey section, pages 118–119
  3. FIA Yearbook 1973, Grey section, pages 120–121
  4. Peter Higham, The Guinness Guide to International Motor Racing, 1995, pages 38–40
  5. "Ferrari SP Series". Official Ferrari Website. Ferrari.
  6. "Ferrari 156 F1". formula1.ferrari.com. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
  7. Blunsden, John (September 1962). "Skyfall över Tysklands GP" [Deluge on German GP]. Illustrerad Motor Sport (in Swedish). No. 9. Lerum, Sweden. p. 25.
  8. 1963 Ferrari 156 Aero on www.f1technical.net
  9. "Ferrari 156 F1-63". formula1.ferrari.com. Retrieved 22 September 2019.
  10. "Resurrecting the 156". Motor Sport: Page 72. June 2021.
  11. Havelock, Steve (30 September 2010). "Shark Tales". Forza Magazine. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
  12. "Ferrari World: the official website dedicated to the Galleria Ferrari". Archived from the original on 2008-02-24. Retrieved 2008-03-24.