List of extinct languages of Oceania

Language Endangerment Status by UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger category
Extinct (EX)
Extinct (EX)	(lists)
Endangered
Critically Endangered (CR) Severely Endangered (SE) Definitely Endangered (DE) Vulnerable (VU)	(list) (list) (list) (list)
Safe
Safe (NE)	no list
Other categories
Revived (RE) Constructed (CL)	(list) (list)
Related topics Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger Endangered Languages Project Ethnologue Unclassified language List of languages by total number of speakers
UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger categories
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This is a list of extinct languages of Oceania , languages which have undergone language death, have no native speakers and no spoken descendant. The languages listed are spoken in Australia, Hawaii, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, the Solomon Islands,Tonga, and Western New Guinea.

• Australia portal
• New Zealand portal
• Oceania portal
• languages portal

Australia

New South Wales

• Awabakal ^[1]
• Barranbinja ^[2]
• Darkinjung ^[3]
• Dhanggati ^[4]
• Dharug ^[5]
• Dhurga ^[6]
• Dyirringany ^[7]
• Latji-Latji ^[8]
• Ngarigo ^[9]
• Ngunnawal ^[10]
• Yugambal ^[11]

Northern Territory

• Alenjerntarrpe ^[12]
• Amurdak ^[8]
• Andegerebinha ^[13]
• Doolboong ^[14]
• Gaagudju ^[15]
• Giyug ^[16]
• Gunbarlang ^[8]
• Ilgar ^[17]
• Kamu ^[18]
• Kungarakany ^[19]
• Limilngan ^[20]
• Marrgu ^[21]
• Matngala ^[22]
• Ngalakgan ^[23]
• Ngandi ^[24]
• Ngomburr ^[25]
• Nhangu ^[26]
• Nungali ^[27]
• Umbugarla ^[28]
• Wagaya ^[29]
• Wulna ^[30]
• Wurrugu ^[31]
• Yangman ^[32]

Queensland

• Adithinngithigh ^[33]
• Aghu Tharrnggala ^[34]
• Alngith ^[8]
• Arritinngithigh ^[35]
• Ayabadhu ^[36]
• Bidjara ^[37]
• Bigambal ^[38]
• Bindal ^[39]
• Damin ^[40]
• Dhangu-Djangu ^[8]
• Dhungaloo ^[41]
• Djinba ^[8]
• Flinders Island ^[42]
• Gkuthaarn ^[43]
• Gubbi Gubbi ^[44]
• Gudang ^[45]
• Gugu Thaypan ^[46]
• Kalali ^[47]
• Kok-Nar ^[48]
• Kukatj ^[49]
• Mayi-Kutuna ^[50]
• Mbabaram ^[51]
• Mbara-Yanga ^[52]
• Mbariman-Gudhinma ^[53]
• Mbiywom ^[54]
• Morrobolam ^[55]
• Mpalityan ^[56]
• Mutumui ^[57]
• Ndra'ngith ^[58]
• Ngawun ^[59]
• Nyawaygi ^[60]
• Pakanha ^[61]
• Pirriya ^[62]
• Pitta Pitta ^[63]
• Umpithamu ^[64]
• Uradhi ^[65]
• Wakka Wakka ^[66]
• Walangama ^[67]
• Warluwarra ^[68]
• Warrgamay ^[63]
• Warrongo ^[42]
• Wilson River ^[69]
• Wulguru ^[70]
• Yalarnnga ^[71]
• Yandruwandha ^[72]

(was also spoken in South Australia)

• Yir-Yoront ^[73]

South Australia

• Antakarinya ^[8]
• Barngarla ^[74]
• Bungandidj ^[75]

(was also spoken in Victoria)

• Diyari ^[76]
• Kaurna ^[77]
• Narungga ^[78]
• Nauo ^[79]
• Ngadjuri ^[80]
• Ngamini ^[81]
• Nukunu ^[82]
• Pilatapa ^[83]
• Warray ^[84]

Tasmania

• Bruny Island Tasmanian ^[63]
• Flinders Island lingua franca ^[85]
• Lhotsky/Blackhouse ^[63]
• Little Swanport ^[63]
• Norman ^[63]
• Nuenonne ^[63]
• Paredarerme ^[63]
• Peerapper ^[63]
• Port Sorell ^[63]
• Pyemmairre ^[63]
• Tommeginne ^[63]
• Toogee ^[63]
• Tyerrernotepanner ^[63]

Victoria

• Barababaraba ^[8]
• Boonwurrung ^[86]
• Dhudhuroa ^[87]
• Djabwurrung ^[8]
• Gulidjan ^[88]
• Pallanganmiddang ^[89]
• Taungurung ^[90]
• Wadawurrung ^[91]
• Warrnambool ^[92]
• Wemba Wemba ^[93]
• Woiwurrung ^[94]
• Yorta Yorta ^[95]

Western Australia

• Burduna ^[96]
• Djugun ^[97]
• Galaagu ^[98]
• Gambera ^[8]
• Jabirr Jabirr ^[99]
• Jawi ^[100]
• Jiwarli ^[101]
• Jurruru ^[102]
• Malgana ^[103]
• Martuthunira ^[104]
• Mirning ^[8]
• Ngadjunmaya ^[8]
• Ngumbarl ^[105]
• Nimanburru ^[106]
• Nyulnyul ^[107]
• Warrwa ^[108]

Hawaii

• Pidgin Hawaiian ^[109]

New Caledonia

• Waamwang ^[110]
• Zire ^[111]

New Zealand

• Maritime Polynesian Pidgin ^[112]
• Moriori ^[113]

Papua New Guinea

• Aribwatsa ^[114]
• Bina ^[115]
• Guramalum ^[116]
• Hermit ^[117]
• Kaniet ^[118]
• Karami ^[119]
• Laua ^[120]
• Mapia ^[121]
• Mulaha ^[122]
• Ouma ^[123]
• Papuan Pidgin English ^[109]
• Rema ^[124]
• Uruava ^[125]
• Yoba ^[126]

Samoa

• Samoan Plantation Pidgin ^[109]

Solomon Islands

• Kazukuru ^[127]
• Laghu ^[128]
• Rennellese Sign Language ^[129]

Tonga

• Niuatoputapu ^[130]

Vanuatu

• Aore ^[131]
• Olrat ^[132]
• Sowa ^[133]
• Utaha ^[134]
• Volow ^[135]

Western New Guinea

• Mapia ^[136]
• Mawes ^[137]
• Pidgin Onin ^[138]
• Saponi ^[139]
• Tandia ^[137]

See also

• Languages of Oceania
• List of endangered languages in Oceania

References

1. "S66: Awabakal". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-02.
2. Lynette F. Oates (1 January 1985). "Barranbinya: Fragments of A N.S.W. Aboriginal Language". p. 185. ProQuest   1297867320 . Retrieved 2024-10-09.
3. "Endangered Languages Project - Darkinyung". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
4. "Dyangadi". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
5. "Dharuk". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-25.
6. "Endangered Languages Project - Dhurga". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
7. "S51: Dyirringañ". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
8. "Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)". ABS. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 2024-10-08.
9. "Ngarigu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
10. "Ngunawal". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
11. "Yugambal". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
12. "Endangered Languages Project - Lower Southern Aranda". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
13. "Endangered Languages Project - Antekerrepenh". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
14. "K50: Doolboong". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
15. "Gagadu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
16. "Giyug". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
17. "Garig-Ilgar". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
18. "Kamu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
19. "Kungarakany". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
20. "Limilngan". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
21. "Margu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
22. "Matngala". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
23. "Ngalakgan". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
24. "Cherry Wulumirr Daniels laid to rest". Yugul Mangi Development Aboriginal Corporation. 24 April 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
25. "Ngurmbur". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
26. "N211: Nhangu". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
27. "Nungali". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
28. "Umbugarla". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
29. "Wagaya". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
30. "Wulna". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
31. "Wurrugu". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2007-12-23. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
32. "N68: Yangman". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
33. "Adithinngithigh". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
34. "Aghu-Tharnggala". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
35. "Arritinngithigh". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
36. "Ayabadhu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
37. "Bidjara". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
38. "Bigambal". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-12-02.
39. "Bindal". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-12-02.
40. Ken Hale. "Damin". Archived from the original on July 5, 2008. Retrieved 2024-10-08. It seems pretty clear that Damin was an invented language, and a cleverly built one, but unfortunately it has become extinct. This is a compilation of the information I've been able to find about Damin.
41. "Endangered Languages Project - Dhungaloo". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
42. "Language revitalization: revival of Warrungu (Australia) and maintenance of Maori (New Zealand)". Archived from the original on 10 October 2018. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
43. "Kuthant". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
44. "Endangered Languages Project - Gubbi Gubbi". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-05.
45. "Gudang". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-12-02.
46. "Endangered Languages Project - Awu Laya". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
47. "Garlali". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-05.
48. "Kok-Nar". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-05.
49. "Gugadj". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-05.
50. "Mayaguduna". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-05.
51. "Barbaram". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-26.
52. "Mbara". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
53. "Mbariman-Gudhinma". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
54. "Endangered Languages Project - Mbiywom". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
55. "Morrobalama". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
56. "Mpalitjanh". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 5 June 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
57. "Barrow Point". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
58. "Ndra'ngith". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
59. "Ngawun". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
60. Dixon, R.M.W (2010-12-10). I Am a Linguist. BRILL. p. 160. ISBN   978-9004192355.
61. "Y64: Pakanh". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-09.
62. "Pirriya". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-12-02.
63. R.M.W. Dixon; Barry J. Blake (1979). Handbook of Australian Languages. Vol. 1. John Benjamins Publishing Company. ISBN   978-90-272-0512-4.
64. "Umbindhamu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
65. "Uradhi". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
66. "Wakawaka". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-25.
67. "Walangama". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
68. "Waluwarra". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
69. "Wangkumara". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
70. "The Wulguru Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
71. "Yalarnnga". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
72. "Yandruwandha". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
73. "Y72: Yir Yoront". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-08.
74. Alex Rawlings (2019-03-22). "The man bringing dead languages back to life". BBC . Retrieved 2024-09-25.
75. "Bunganditj". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-12-02.
76. "L14: Dhirari". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-03.
77. Amery, Rob; University of Adelaide, (issuing body.) (2016). Warraparna Kaurna! : reclaiming an Australian language (PDF). University of Adelaide Press. pp. 1, 17. ISBN   978-1-925261-24-0 . Retrieved 2024-09-25.
78. "L1: Narungga/Nharangga". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-03.
79. "Nauo". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
80. "Ngadjuri". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
81. "Ngamini". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
82. "Nugunu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-12-02.
83. "Pirlatapa". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-25.
84. "Waray". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
85. "Fanny Cochrane Smith". Archived from the original on 19 July 2010. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
86. "Endangered Languages Project - Boonwurrung". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
87. "S44: Dhudhuroa". AIATSIS . Retrieved 2024-12-02.
88. "Endangered Languages Project - Kolakngat". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
89. "Pallanganmiddang". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
90. "S37: Taungurung". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
91. "Wathawurrung". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
92. "Endangered Languages Project - Warrnambool". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
93. "Endangered Languages Project - Wemba-Wemba". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
94. "S36: Woiwurrung". AIATSIS. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-04.
95. "Yorta Yorta". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
96. "Burduna". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
97. "Dyugun". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
98. "Kalarko". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
99. "Dyaberdyaber". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
100. "Djawi". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-27.
101. "Djiwarli". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
102. "Tjurruru". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
103. "Malgana". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-12-02.
104. "Martuyhunira". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
105. "Ngumbarl". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
106. "Nimanbur". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
107. "Nyulnyul". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
108. "Warrwa". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-02.
109. Smith, Norval (1994). "An annotated list of creoles, pidgins, and mixed languages". In Jacque Arends, Pieter Muysken & Norval Smith (ed.). Pidgins and Creoles. John Benjamins. pp. 344, 360. ISBN   90-272-9950-1 . Retrieved 2024-11-20.
110. "Waamwang". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-26.
111. "Endangered Languages Project - Sîshëë". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-08.
112. "Pidgin: Maritime Polynesian Pidgin". Glottolog . Retrieved 2025-04-28.
113. "HIRAWANU TAPU PEACE SCHOLARSHIP" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 January 2016. Retrieved 25 September 2024.
114. "Aribwatsa". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-26.
115. "Bina". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-26.
116. "Guramalum". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-11.
117. "Hermit". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-26.
118. "Kaniet". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-25.
119. "The Karami Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
120. "Laua". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
121. "Mapia". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-01.
122. "The Mulaha Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 10 April 2008. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
123. "Ouma". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-11.
124. "The Rema Language". LINGUIST List. Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
125. "Uruava". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-11.
126. "Yoba". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-11.
127. "Kazukuru". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-26.
128. "Laghu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-26.
129. "Extinct Languages: The Languages We Have Lost in the 21st Century". Atomic Scribe. 2022-01-31. Retrieved 2024-10-05.
130. "Niuatoputapu". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-25.
131. "Aore". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-11.
132. "Presentation of the Olrat language and audio archive". Pangloss Collection . Paris: CNRS. 2022. Retrieved 26 September 2024.
133. "Endangered Languages Project - Sowa". ELP . Retrieved 2024-10-04.
134. "Ifo". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-25.
135. François, Alexandre (2012). "The dynamics of linguistic diversity: Egalitarian multilingualism and power imbalance among northern Vanuatu languages". International Journal of the Sociology of Language (214): 85–110. doi:10.1515/ijsl-2012-0022. S2CID   145208588.
136. "Mapia". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-09-27.
137. "11 Indigenous Languages Declared Extinct: Education Ministry". Jakarta Globe. 8 March 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
138. "Onin Based Pidgin". Ethnologue. Archived from the original on 2019-06-06. Retrieved 2025-01-14.
139. "Saponi". Ethnologue . Retrieved 2024-10-11.