This is a list of international prime ministerial trips made by Mark Rutte, the former Prime Minister of the Netherlands.
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Political career
Prime Minister of the Netherlands First Ministry and term Second Ministry and term Third Ministry and term
Fourth Ministry and term Affiliations Media gallery | ||
As of August 2024, Mark Rutte has made more than 353 prime ministerial trips to more than 81 states internationally since his inauguration on 14 October 2010. National trips are not included.
Number of visits | Country or Dutch overseas territory |
---|---|
1 visit (33) | Argentina, Bangladesh, Bonaire (Netherlands), Bosnia and Herzegovina, Canada, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Ghana, Greece, Kosovo, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Lebanon, Mongolia, Morocco, Namibia, New Zealand, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Panama, Qatar, Saba (Netherlands), Saudi Arabia, Serbia, Singapore, Sint Eustatius (Netherlands), Somalia, Suriname |
2 visits (19) | Afghanistan, Aruba (Netherlands), Australia, Brazil, Curaçao (Netherlands), Denmark, Japan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Moldova, Romania, Sint Maarten (Netherlands), Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea, United Arab Emirates |
3 visits (12) | Albania, Bulgaria, Egypt, India, Ireland, Portugal, Russia, Sweden, Tunisia, Turkey, Vatican City, Vietnam |
4 visits (4) | Austria, Indonesia, Lithuania, Palestine, Spain |
5 visits (2) | China, Ukraine |
6 visits (1) | Luxembourg |
7 visits (1) | Israel |
8 visits (1) | Italy |
10 visits (1) | Poland |
12 visits (1) | United Kingdom |
14 visits (1) | Switzerland |
20 visits (1) | United States |
21 visits (1) | France |
26 visits (1) | Germany |
97 visits (1) | Belgium |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Brussels | 28-29 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Berlin | 19 November | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel. [1] |
![]() | Lisbon | 19-20 November | Rutte attended the NATO 2010 Lisbon summit. [2] |
![]() | Paris | 29 November | Rutte met with President Nicolas Sarkozy. [3] |
![]() | Astana | 30 November-1 December | Rutte attended the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Summit. [4] |
![]() | Zürich | 2 December | Rutte attended the FIFA World Cup host announcement. [5] |
![]() | Brussels | 15-17 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | London | 24 January | Rutte met with PM David Cameron. [6] |
![]() | Brussels | 25 January | Rutte met with the President of the European Commission José Manuel Barroso. [7] |
![]() | Brussels | 3-4 February | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Brussels | 24-25 March | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Warsaw | 17 May | Rutte met with PM Donald Tusk. |
![]() | Brussels | 22-24 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Brussels | 21 July | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Paris | 1 September | Rutte attended the NATO International Conference on the Future of Libya. [8] |
![]() | Warsaw | 29 September | Rutte attended the Eastern Partnership Summit. [9] |
![]() | Berlin | 7 October | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel. [10] |
![]() | Paris | 17 October | Rutte met with President Nicolas Sarkozy [11] |
![]() | Moscow, Saint Petersburg | 21 October | Rutte was part of a trade mission. [12] |
![]() | Brussels | 23 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Brussels | 27-28 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Lubmin | 8 November | Rutte opened Nord Stream 1 together with Francois Fillon, Angela Merkel, Dmitry Medvedev, Günther Oettinger and Erwin Sellering. [13] [14] |
![]() | Birmingham, London | 14-15 November | Rutte met with PM David Cameron. [15] |
![]() | Washington, D.C. | 29 November | Rutte met with President Barack Obama. [16] |
![]() | Rome | 5 December | Rutte met with PM Mario Monti. [17] |
![]() | Stockholm | 5 December | Rutte met with PM Fredrik Reinfeldt. [18] [17] |
![]() | Brussels | 8-9 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Kunduz | 14-15 December | Rutte visited the Dutch military's police instructors. [19] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Davos | 26-27 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum where he met with Bill Gates. [20] |
![]() | Brussels | 30-31 January | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Berlin | 13 February | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel, and his Danish and Estonian counterparts. [21] |
![]() | Brussels | 1-2 March | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Chicago | 19-22 May | Rutte attended the NATO 2012 Chicago summit. [22] |
![]() | Chantilly, Virginia | 1-2 June | Rutte attended the 2012 Bilderberg Conference. [23] |
![]() | Madrid | 7 June | Rutte met with PM Mariano Rajoy. [24] |
![]() | Lisbon | 7 June | Rutte met with PM Passos Coelho. [24] |
![]() | Berlin | 20 June | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel. [25] |
![]() | Brussels | 28-29 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | London | 28 July | Rutte attended the opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics. [26] |
![]() | Brussels | 18-19 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Ankara | 5-6 November | Rutte was part of a trade mission. [27] |
![]() | Brussels | 22-23 November | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Oslo | 10 December | Rutte attended the Nobel Peace Prize award ceremony. [28] |
![]() | Paris | 12 December | Rutte met with President François Hollande. [29] |
![]() | Brussels | 13-14 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Davos | 24-25 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum. [30] |
![]() | Brussels | 7-8 February | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Brussels | 14-15 March | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Vatican City | 19 March | Rutte attended the inauguration of Pope Francis together with Prince Willem-Alexander and Princess Máxima Zorreguieta. [31] |
![]() | Gulf of Aden | 6 April | Rutte visited an anti-pirate mission. |
![]() | Brussels | 22-23 May | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Kunduz | 1 June | Rutte visited the Dutch military post in Afghanistan. [32] |
![]() | Saint Petersburg | 20 June | Rutte attended the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum. [33] |
![]() | Berlin | 25 June | |
![]() | Brussels | 27-28 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Berlin | 3 July | Rutte attended a summit on youth employment. |
![]() | Texas | 7-9 July | Rutte was part of a trade mission. [34] |
![]() | Oranjestad | 14-15 July | Rutte visits the Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. [35] |
![]() | Willemstad | 16-17 July | Rutte visits the Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. [35] |
![]() | Philipsburg | 18-20 July | Rutte visits the Caribbean part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. [35] |
![]() | Brussels | 23-25 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Beijing | 15-17 November | Rutte was part of a trade mission, and met with PM Li Keqiang President Xi Jinping. [36] |
![]() | Jakarta | 20-22 November | Rutte was part of a trade mission, and met with President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. [37] |
![]() | Tel Aviv, Jerusalem | 6-7 December | Rutte met with PM Benjamin Netanyahu and President Shimon Peres. [38] |
![]() | Jerusalem, Betlehem | 8-9 December | Rutte met with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas and PM Rami Hamdallah. [38] |
![]() | Luxembourg | 12 December | Rutte met with his Benelux counterparts. [39] |
![]() | Brussels | 19-20 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | North Rhine-Westphalia | 15 January | Rutte met PM Hannelore Kraft. [40] |
![]() | Davos | 22-23 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum. [41] |
![]() | Sochi | 7-8 February | Rutte visited the Winter Olympics. [42] |
![]() | Brussels | 13 February | Rutte met with his Benelux counterparts. |
![]() | Brussels | 20-21 March | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Hanover | 6-7 June | Rutte visited the Hannover Messe together with Chancellor Angela Merkel. [43] |
![]() | Brussels | 27-28 May | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Arromanches | 6 June | Rutte commemorated the soldiers that sacrificed their lives during D-Day. [44] |
![]() | Harpsund | 9-10 June | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel, PM David Cameron and PM Reinfeldt. [45] |
![]() | Dublin | 10 June | Rutte visited PM Enda Kenny. [46] |
![]() | Hanoi | 15-17 June | Rutte visited PM Nguyễn Tấn Dũng and was part of a trade mission. [47] |
![]() | Brussels | 26-27 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Brussels | 16-17 July | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Brussels | 30-31 August | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Newport, Wales | 4-5 September | Rutte attended the NATO 2014 Wales summit. [48] |
![]() | New York City | 23-27 September | Rutte attended the UN Climate Summit, United Nations General Assembly and the United Nations Security Council meeting. |
![]() | Milan | 16 October | Rutte attended the Asia–Europe Meeting and met with President Vladimir Putin. [49] |
![]() | Brussels | 23-24 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Kuala Lumpur | 4-5 November | Rutte met with PM Najib Razak to talk about MH17. [50] |
![]() | Canberra | 6-7 November | Rutte met with PM Tony Abbott to talk about MH17. [51] |
![]() | Gao | 8 December | Rutte visited the Dutch military that contributes to a UN peacekeeping mission. [52] |
![]() | Brussels | 18-19 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [53] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Davos | 21 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum. [54] |
![]() | Oświęcim | 27 January | Rutte commemorated the victims that died in Nazi concentration camp Auschwitz together with the King Willem-Alexander and Queen Máxima of the Netherlands. [55] |
![]() | Brussels | 11-12 February | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [56] |
![]() | Brussels | 19-20 March | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [57] |
![]() | Boao, Shenzhen | 25-29 March | Rutte was part of a trade mission, and attended the Boao Forum. [58] |
![]() | Panama City | 10-13 April | Rutte attended the 7th Summit of the Americas and was part of a trade mission. [59] |
![]() | Brussels | 23 April | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [60] |
![]() | Brussels | 29 April | Rutte met with his counterparts from the Benelux. [61] |
![]() | Brussels | 7 May | Rutte met with President of the European Council Donald Tusk, President of the European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker and President of the European Parliament Martin Schulz. |
![]() | Paris | 3 June | Rutte visited the OECD and met with President François Hollande. [62] |
![]() | New Delhi, Mumbai | 4-6 June | Rutte was part of a trade mission. [63] |
![]() | Brussels | 10 June | Rutte attended the EU-CELAC meeting. [64] |
![]() | Brussels | 25-26 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
![]() | Brussels | 7-8 July | Rutte attended the Euro summit. [65] |
![]() | Brussels | 12-13 July | Rutte attended the Euro summit. [66] |
![]() | Luxembourg | 8-9 September | Rutte met with PM Xavier Bettel and Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg. [67] |
![]() | Brussels | 23-24 September | Rutte attended the European Council Meeting. |
![]() | New York City | 25-30 September | Rutte attended the United Nations General Assembly where he met with Bono, Mahmoud Abbas and Ban Ki-moon. And he was part of a Dutch trade mission. [68] |
![]() | Atlanta | 5-7 October | Rutte commemorated the soldiers that fought during World War II, and visited Dutch companies as part of a trade mission. [68] |
![]() | Brussels | 15-16 October | Rutte addressed the Flemish parliament, and attended the European Council meeting. [69] |
![]() | Dhaka | 4 November | Rutte visited Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to talk about collaboration in the field of water management, harbour development and agriculture. [70] |
![]() | Tokyo | 8-10 November | Rutte visited Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and Dutch businesses in Japan as part of a trade mission. [71] |
![]() | Valletta | 11-12 November | Rutte attended the Valletta Summit on Migration.[ citation needed ] |
![]() | Cape Town | 17 November | Rutte met with President Jacob Zuma. [72] |
![]() | Paris | 30 November | Rutte attended the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference. [73] |
![]() | Astana | 2 December | Rutte meets with the President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev. [74] |
![]() | Brussels | 10 December | Rutte met with Jean-Claude Juncker and Frans Timmermans. |
![]() | Brussels | 18 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Strasbourg | 20 January | Rutte spoke for the European Parliament. [75] |
![]() | Davos | 20-21 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum, and met with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, Turkish Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu and British Prime Minister David Cameron. [76] |
![]() | San Francisco | 1-2 February | Rutte visited Silicon Valley and accompanied the Dutch trade mission. [77] |
![]() | London | 4 February | Rutte attended the "Supporting Syria & the Region" Summit and met with his European and Middle Eastern counterparts. [78] |
![]() | Paris | 12 February | Rutte met with French President François Hollande. [79] |
![]() | Brussels | 16-20 February | Rutte attended the European Council meeting and preparatory meetings with his counterparts. [80] |
![]() | Brussels | 17-18 March | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [81] |
![]() | Washington, D.C. | 1 April | Rutte attended the Nuclear Security Summit. [82] |
![]() | Beirut | 3 May | Rutte met with Lebanese Prime Minister Tammam Salam and visited a temporary refugee camp in the region. [83] |
![]() | Rome | 19 May | Rutte met with Italian Prime Minister Matteo Renzi. [84] |
![]() | Brussels | 19 May | Rutte gave a speech at the BusinessEurope Council of presidents. [85] |
![]() | Istanbul | 23 May | Rutte attended the World Humanitarian Summit, and met with President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. [86] |
![]() | Havana | 4-5 June | Rutte attend the ACS Summit. [87] |
![]() | Vatican City | 15 June | Rutte met with Pope Francis. [88] [89] |
![]() | Bratislava | 15 June | Rutte met with his Slovakian and Maltese counterparts, and attended the Bratislava Summit. [89] |
![]() | Brussels | 28-29 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [90] |
![]() | Strasbourg | 5 July | Rutte gave a speech for the European Parliament. [91] |
![]() | Warsaw | 8-9 July | Rutte attended the NATO Summit. [92] |
![]() | Ulaanbaatar | 15-16 July | Rutte attended the ASEM Summit where he met with Russian Prime Minister Medvedev. [93] |
![]() | Rio de Janeiro | 6 August | Rutte attended the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. [94] |
![]() | Erbil | 9 August | Rutte visited the Dutch military in the country. [95] |
![]() | Warsaw | 26 August | Rutte attended a Brexit meeting with his counterparts from Sweden, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. [96] |
![]() | Seoul | 26-28 September | Rutte met with President Park Geun Hye, visited the demilitarized zone and accompanied the Dutch trade mission among other things. [97] |
![]() | Jerusalem | 30 September | Rutte has a meeting about MH17 and the Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum with Ukrainian President Poroshenko. In addition the prime minister commemorated former Prime Minister of Israel Shimon Peres. [98] |
![]() | Schengen | 3 October | Rutte attends Benelux meeting. [99] |
![]() | Valletta | 4 November | Rutte attends European Council meeting. [100] |
![]() | Semarang, Jakarta | 22-23 November | Rutte visited water management sites that collaborate with Dutch companies and institutions, and paid a tribute to Dutch war victims at the Dutch War Cemetery Kalibanteng. Rutte spoke to the parliament of Indonesia, met with President Joko Widodo and accompanied the Dutch trade mission. [101] [102] |
![]() | Singapore | 24 November | Rutte met with Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, and accompanied the Dutch trade mission. [103] |
![]() | Tunis | 6 December | Rutte visits the country together with his Benelux counterparts. [104] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Davos | 18-19 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum. [105] |
![]() | Brussels | 9-10 March | Rutte attended the European Council Meeting. [106] |
![]() | Vatican City | 24 March | Rutte visits the Vatican with his 27 EU-counterparts. [107] |
![]() | Rome | 25 March | Rutte attends the Rome Treaty celebration. [107] |
![]() | Brussels | 29 April | Rutte attended the European Council Meeting. [108] |
![]() | Brussels | 25 May | Rutte attended the NATO Summit to discuss counter-terrorism and burden sharing. [109] |
![]() | Paris | 16 June | Rutte met with French President Emmanuel Macron. [110] |
![]() | Warsaw | 19 June | Rutte met with his Benelux and Visegrad counterparts. [111] |
![]() | Brussels | 22-23 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [112] |
![]() | Berlin | 29 June | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel. [113] |
![]() | Hamburg | 7-8 July | Rutte attended the G20, and met with Angela Merkel and Lee Hsien Loong. [114] |
![]() | Rukla | 10-11 August | Rutte visited the Dutch military that takes part in a NATO mission. [115] |
![]() | Paris | 31 August | Rutte met with President Emmanuel Macron. [116] |
![]() | New York City | 20-21 September | Rutte spoke at the Bloomberg Global Business Forum and the UN General Assembly, and attended the UN Security Council. [117] |
![]() | Tallinn | 28-29 September | Rutte attended the Tallinn Digital Summit. [118] |
![]() | Brussels | 4 October | Rutte met with President of the European Commission Donald Tusk. [119] |
![]() | Brussels | 19-20 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [119] |
![]() | Gothenburg | 17 November | Rutte attended the Social Summit for Fair Jobs and Growth. [120] |
![]() | Bamako, Gao | 28-29 November | Rutte met with the Malinese President Keïta together with his Belgian and Luxembourgish counterparts. Rutte visited the Dutch military. [121] |
![]() | Abidjan | 29 November | Rutte accompanied a Dutch trade mission to the country, and attended the EU-Africa Summit. [122] |
![]() | Accra | 30 November | Rutte accompanied a Dutch trade mission to the country. [123] |
![]() | Dublin | 6 December | Rutte visited Prime Minister Leo Varadkar. [124] |
![]() | Paris | 12 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [125] |
![]() | Brussels | 14-15 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [125] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Vienna | 1 January | Rutte met with Chancellor Sebastian Kurz, and visited the Wiener Philharmoniker. [126] |
![]() | Davos | 24-25 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum. [127] |
![]() | Ljubljana | 6 February | Rutte met with Prime Minister Miro Cerar and was accompanied by his Belgian and Luxembourgish counterparts. [128] |
![]() | Sofia | 6 February | Rutte met with Prime Minister Boyko Borissov. [129] |
![]() | Pyeongchang | 9-11 February | Rutte met with President Moon and attended the Olympic Winter Games. [130] |
![]() | Munich | 16 February | Rutte attended the Munich Security Conference. [131] |
![]() | Berlin | 19 February | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel. [132] |
![]() | London | 21 February | Rutte met with Prime Minister Theresa May. [133] |
![]() | Brussels | 23 February | Rutte attended the Sahel and European Council Summit. |
![]() | Berlin | 2 March | Rutte gave a speech about European cooperation on the invitation of the Bertelsmann Stiftung. [134] |
![]() | Brussels | 23 March | Rutte attended the European Council Meeting. [135] |
![]() | New York City | 27-28 March | Rutte met with Secretary-General António Guterres. Rutte opened the debate on the modernization of peace missions at the United Nations Security Council. The Netherlands had the presidency of the UNSC. [136] |
![]() | Hong Kong, Bo'ao, Guangzhou, Beijing | 9-12 April | Rutte accompanied a Dutch trade mission to the cities. Rutte met with President Xi Jinping. He spoke at the Bo'ao Forum for Asia where he encountered Prime Minister Sebastian Kurz. Rutte met with Prime Minister Li Keqiang, and visited the Beijing Foreign Studies University. [137] [138] [139] [140] |
![]() | Oranjestad | 13 May | Rutte visited the Dutch Caribbean to monitor progress on the redevelopment of the region after the destroying hurricanes of the year prior. [141] |
![]() | The Bottom | 14 May | Rutte visited the Dutch Caribbean to monitor progress on the redevelopment of the region after the destroying hurricanes of the year prior. [141] |
![]() | Philipsburg | 15 May | Rutte visited the Dutch Caribbean to monitor progress on the redevelopment of the region after the destroying hurricanes of the year prior. [141] |
![]() | Sofia | 17 May | Rutte attended the EU-Western Balkans Summit. [142] |
![]() | Delhi | 24 May | Rutte met with Prime Minister Narendra Modi. [143] |
![]() | Strasbourg | 13 June | Rutte gave a speech about the future of Europe in front of the European Parliament. [144] |
![]() | Brussels | 24 June | Rutte attended the EU Migration Summit. [145] |
![]() | Brussels | 29 June | Rutte attended the European Council Meeting. [146] |
![]() | Arlington, Washington, D.C. | 2 July | Rutte visited the Arlington Cemetery to commemorate the Unknown Soldier. Rutte visited the White House and met with President Trump. [147] |
![]() | Brussels | 11-12 July | Rutte attended the NATO Summit. [148] |
![]() | Luxembourg | 6 September | Rutte met with President Emmanuel Macron, Prime Minister Xavier Bettel and Prime Minister Charles Michel. [149] |
![]() | Bucharest | 12 September | Rutte met with President Klaus Iohannis and Prime Minister Viorica Dăncilă. [150] |
![]() | Salzburg | 20 September | Rutte attended an informal European Council Meeting. [151] |
![]() | New York City | 25-27 September | Rutte attended the United Nations General Assembly. [152] |
![]() | Brussels | 18-19 October | Rutte attended the Asia–Europe Meeting Summit. [153] |
![]() | Copenhagen | 20 October | Rutte attended the P4G Summit. [154] |
![]() | Ottawa | 25 October | Rutte met with President Trudeau, and accompanied a Dutch trade mission to the country. [155] |
![]() | Nordrhein Westfalen | 19 November | Rutte met with Armin Laschet. [156] |
![]() | Bogotá | 28-29 November | Rutte met with President Ivan Duque, and accompanied a Dutch trade mission to the country. |
![]() | Buenos Aires | 30 November - 1 December | Rutte attended the G20 Summit where he had bilateral meetings with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. [157] |
![]() | Katowice | 3 December | Rutte attended the COP24. [158] |
![]() | Brussels | 14 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [159] |
![]() | Vienna | 18 December | Rutte attended the EU-Africa High Level Forum which focused on the enhancement of the economic relations between the EU and Africa emphasizing innovation, digitalisation and employment. [160] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Kralendijk | 20 January | Rutte met with Governor Edison Rijna. [161] |
![]() | Willemstad | 21 January | Rutte met with Prime Minister Eugene Rhuggenaath. [161] |
![]() | Oranjestad | 22 January | Rutte met with Prime Minister Evelyn Wever-Croes. [161] |
![]() | Davos | 23-24 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum, and met with Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern, Ban Ki-moon, Bill Gates and Kristalina Georgieva. [162] |
![]() | Bern, Zürich | 13 February | Rutte met with Federal President Ueli Maurer. Rutte gave his 'Churchill Lecture' at the Europe Institute of the University of Zürich. [163] |
![]() | Helsinki | 19 February | Rutte met with Finnish Prime Minister Juha Sipilä. [164] |
![]() | Sharm El-Sheikh | 24-25 February | Rutte attended the first-ever LAS-EU (Arab League and EU) Summit. [165] |
![]() | Brussels | 21-22 March | Rutte attended the European Council meeting on Brexit. [166] |
![]() | Luxembourg | 2 April | Rutte attended the Benelux Summit. [167] |
![]() | Lisbon | 3 April | Rutte met with Prime Minister António Costa, and visited the University of Lisbon and Sporting Portugal. [168] |
![]() | Hanoi | 9 April | Rutte attended the Dutch trade mission to Vietnam, and met with Prime Minister Phuc. [169] |
![]() | Brussels | 10-11 April | Rutte attended the European Council meeting on Brexit. [170] |
![]() | Sibiu | 9 May | Rutte attended the Sibiu Summit on the state of the European Union. [171] |
![]() | Berlin | 16 May | Rutte met Chancellor Angela Merkel. [172] |
![]() | Brussels | 28 May | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [173] |
![]() | Portsmouth | 5 June | Rutte attended the commemoration of D-Day. [174] |
![]() | Brussels | 20-21 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting on the distribution of top functions for the new EU commissions. [175] |
![]() | Beijing | 27 June | Rutte met with Chinese Prime Minister Li Keqiang, and kicked off the Global Center on Adaptation in Beijing together with Ban Ki-moon. [176] |
![]() | Osaka | 28-29 June | Rutte attended the G20 Summit. [177] |
![]() | Brussels | 30 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting on the distribution of top functions for the new EU commissions. [178] |
![]() | Paris | 18 July | Rutte attended the celebration of Quatorze Juillet. [179] |
![]() | Washington, D.C., Boston | 18-20 July | Rutte met with President Donald Trump in the White House. Rutte went on a trade mission together with a delegation of Dutch companies. They have visited Boston Dynamics and other companies focusing on robotics, AI, healthcare and climate. [180] [181] |
![]() | New York City | 23-25 September | Rutte attended the United Nations General Assembly together with Foreign Minister Sigrid Kaag, King Willem-Alexander and Minister Stef Blok. Within the margins of the General Assembly, the prime minister met with the prime ministers of the UK and Malaysia. In addition, Rutte received the Global Citizen Award for the Netherlands' contribution to transatlantic cooperation. [182] |
![]() | Berlin | 2 October | Rutte and his cabinet met with Chancellor Angela Merkel and her cabinet. [183] |
![]() | Bogor, Jakarta | 7 October | Rutte met with President Joko Widodo. Rutte visited the Erasmus Huis. [184] [185] |
![]() | Auckland | 8 October | Rutte met with Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern, and visited Dutch companies as well as the University of Auckland. |
![]() | Sydney, Melbourne | 9-11 October | Rutte visited Prime Minister Scott Morrison to discuss MH17 among other things. In addition Rutte visited the State Library of New South Wales to view the original diary of Tasman, and accompanied the Dutch trade delegation in the Opera House. Rutte visited Dutch companies and diaspora in Melbourne. [186] [187] |
![]() | Abuja | 26 November | Rutte visited President Buhari. [188] |
![]() | Madrid | 2 December | Rutte attended the COP25. [189] |
![]() | London | 3-4 December | Rutte attended the NATO Summit, participated in a town hall discussion together with Canadian Prime Minister Trudeau and met with Albanian Prime Minister Edi Rama. [190] |
![]() | Brussels | 12-13 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting with climate policy and the EU Green Deal as main topics. [191] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Rome | 15 January | Rutte met with Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte. [192] |
![]() | Davos | 22-23 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum. [193] |
![]() | Oświęcim | 27 January | Rutte together with Queen Maxima and King Willem-Alexander attended a ceremony to commemorate the liberation of the Auschwitz concentration camp. [194] |
![]() | Brussels | 1 February | Rutte met with the President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen. [195] |
![]() | Brussels | 5 February | Rutte met with the President of the European Council Charles Michel. [196] |
![]() | Paris | 14 February | Rutte met with President Emmanuel Macron. [197] |
![]() | Munich | 15 February | Rutte attended the Munich Security Conference where he participated in a panel discussion and met the founder of Facebook Mark Zuckerberg. [198] |
![]() | Brussels | 20 February | Rutte attended the European Council meeting that was focused on modernizing the EU budget where he combined forces with his counterparts from Denmark, Sweden and Austria. Thereafter this group of countries was called the 'Frugal Four'. [199] |
![]() | Berlin | 9 July | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel. [200] |
![]() | Brussels | 17-18 July | Rutte attended the European Council meeting that was focused on the EU budget and the recovery fund for overcoming the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. [201] |
![]() | Brussels | 15-16 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting that was focused on Brexit negotiations and the global pandemic. [202] |
![]() | Brussels | 10 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting that was focused on linking budgetary commitments to the rule of law and agreeing on greenhouse gas emission reduction targets. [203] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Brussels | 2 June | In preparation of the upcoming NATO Summit Rutte spoke with Jens Stoltenberg after which he met with the President of the EU Commission Ursula von der Leyen. [204] |
![]() | Brussels | 14 June | Rutte attended the NATO Summit focusing on innovation and strengthening cooperation. During this summit he had bilateral meetings with President Biden, President Erdogan, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis. [205] |
![]() | Antwerp, Brussels | 24-25 June | Rutte opened the new Dutch Consulate-General. Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [206] [207] |
![]() | Paris | 1 September | Rutte met with President Emmanuel Macron to discuss the situation in Afghanistan. [208] |
![]() | Dresden | 9 September | Rutte met with Chancellor Angela Merkel. [209] |
![]() | London | 17 September | Rutte met with Boris Johnson to discuss their cooperation in Afghanistan, EU-UK relations and the upcoming COP26. [210] |
![]() | New York City | 24 September | Rutte attended the United Nations General Assembly. [211] |
![]() | Kranj | 6 October | Rutte attended the EU-Western Balkans summit. [212] |
![]() | Brussels | 21-22 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [213] |
![]() | Rome | 30 October - 1 November | Rutte attended the G20 to discuss sustainable economic recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic, climate action and international trade. [214] |
![]() | Glasgow | 1 November | Rutte attended the COP26 to discuss climate change and climate action. [215] |
![]() | Athens | 9 November | Rutte met with Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis to discuss European migration strategies and effective action against climate change following COP26. [216] |
![]() | Tirana | 10 November | Rutte met with Prime Minister Edi Rama to enhance ties between the countries. Aside of this the progress of Albania with regards to the EU Membership was discussed. [217] |
![]() | Skopje | 11 November | Rutte met with President Stevo Pendarovski and Prime Minister Zoran Zaev to enhance ties between the countries. Aside of this the progress of North Macedonia with regards to the EU Membership was discussed. [218] |
![]() | Brussels | 16 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting where the situation at the Ukrainian border and in Belarus was discussed as well as the European coordination in the fight against the coronavirus. [219] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Berlin | 13 January | Rutte met with Chancellor Olaf Scholz. [221] |
![]() | Bratislava | 27 January | Rutte visited Slovakia to meet with Prime Minister Eduard Heger to discuss climate change, strengthening the rule of law, economic matters and the situation at the Ukrainian border. Both prime ministers marked International Holocaust Remembrance Day by laying flowers in memory of the victims at the Holocaust Memorial in Bratislava. [222] |
![]() | Kyiv | 1-2 February | Rutte visited Ukraine to meet with President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in light of the situation at the border with Russia and the collaboration with regards to flight MH17. [223] |
![]() | Chișinău | 2 February | Rutte and Wopke Hoekstra visited Moldova to meet with President Maia Sandu to discuss reforms, the geopolitical situation and diplomatic ties between the Netherlands and Moldova. [224] |
![]() | Brussels | 3 February | Rutte met the President of the European Parliament Roberta Metsola. [225] |
![]() | Brussels | 17 February | Rutte attended the first EU-AU Summit since 2017 and discussed the situation in Ukraine, the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change among other things. [226] |
![]() | Northolt | 7 March | Rutte met with Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson to discuss aid for Ukraine.[ citation needed ] |
![]() | Paris, Versailles | 9-11 March | Rutte's cabinet met with the cabinet of President Emmanuel Macron. In addition Rutte gave a speech about the Russian invasion of Ukraine at Sciences Po. Rutte attended an informal EU Summit to discuss the war in Ukraine and the Union's future economic growth and investment model. [227] [228] |
![]() | Vilnius | 21 March | Rutte visited Lithuania to meet with President Gitanas Nausėda in light of the war in Ukraine. [229] |
![]() | Warsaw | 21 March | Rutte visited Poland to meet with President Andrzej Duda in light of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. [229] |
![]() | Ankara | 22 March | Rutte visited Turkey to meet with Turkish President Erdoğan to discuss the war in Ukraine and EU-Turkey relations. [230] |
![]() | Brussels | 24 March | Rutte visited Belgium to attend the NATO summit to discuss further aid to Ukraine and sanctions against Russia. [231] |
![]() | Madrid | 30 March | Prime Minister Rutte went to Madrid to visit Prime Minister Sánchez of Spain, an audience with King Felipe VI and a speech at the Fundación Carlos de Amberes. [232] |
![]() | Rome | 7 April | Prime Minister Rutte went to Rome to visit Prime Minister Mario Draghi to discuss the war in Ukraine, climate policy and modernizing the EU's Stability and Growth Pact. [233] |
![]() | Ghent | 19 April | Prime Minister Rutte together with his cabinet went to Ghent to visit Prime Minister Alexander De Croo and the cabinet of Belgium. [234] |
![]() | Sofia | 16 May | Rutte went to Bulgaria for a visit to the Dutch military personnel who participate in the NATO force and a meeting with Prime Minister Kiril Petkov. [235] |
![]() | Esbjerg | 18 May | Rutte went to Esbjerg, Denmark to attend the North Sea Summit with his Belgian, Danish, German and EU counterparts to discuss opportunities for turning the North Sea into the 'Green Power Plant of Europe’. [236] |
![]() | Dublin | 23 May | Rutte met with Prime Minister Micheál Martin. [237] |
![]() | Davos | 24-25 May | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum. [238] |
![]() | Brussels | 30-31 May | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [239] |
![]() | Washington | 2-5 June | Rutte attended the Bilderberg conference. [240] |
![]() | Brussels | 23 June | Rutte attended the Western Balkan Summit. [241] |
![]() | Madrid | 28-30 June | Rutte attended the NATO Summit to discuss the accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO. [242] [243] |
![]() | Kyiv | 11 July | Rutte met President Zelenskyy and visited destroyed parts of the city due to the war in Ukraine. [244] |
![]() | Paramaribo | 12-13 September | Rutte visited Suriname and met with president Chan Santokhi and the South American country's parliament. This was the first trip by a prime minister of the Netherlands since 2008. [245] |
![]() | Berlin | 4 October | Rutte visited the newly installed German government together with ministers Mark Harbers, Micky Adriaansens, Liesje Schreinemacher and Rob Jetten. [246] |
![]() | Prague | 6-7 October | Rutte attended the meeting of the European Political Community and an informal European Council meeting. [247] |
![]() | Brussels | 20 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [248] |
![]() | Tel Aviv, Jerusalem | 24 October | Rutte met with former PM Benjamin Netanyahu, PM Yair Lapid and minister of Defense Benny Gantz. [249] |
![]() | Jerusalem, Ramallah | 25 October | Rutte met with Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. [249] [250] |
![]() | Sharm El-Sheikh | 7 November | Rutte attended the 2022 United Nations Climate Change Conference. [251] |
![]() | Bali | 15-16 November | Rutte attended the 2022 G20 Bali summit. [252] |
![]() | Luxembourg | 28 November | Rutte attended the Benelux Summit. [253] |
![]() | Tirana | 6 December | Rutte attended the EU-Western Balkans Summit. [254] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Washington, D.C. | 17 January | Rutte and Minister of Foreign Affairs Hoekstra meet with President Joe Biden. [255] |
![]() | Davos | 18–19 January | Rutte attends the World Economic Forum. [256] |
![]() | Brussels | 24 January | Rutte meets with Belgian Prime Minister Alexander De Croo and the President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen in preparation of the European Council meeting in February. [257] |
![]() | Vienna | 26 January | Rutte meets Austrian Chancellor Karl Nehammer in preparation of the European Council meeting in February. [257] |
![]() | Brussels | 9 February | Rutte attends the EU council meeting. |
![]() | Kyiv | 17 February | Rutte meets with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky in light of the Russo-Ukrainian War. Rutte was accompanied by minister Liesje Schreinemacher. [258] |
![]() | Rome | 8 March | Rutte meets with Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni. [259] |
![]() | Brussels | 23–24 March | Rutte attends the European Council meeting. [260] |
![]() | Ostend | 24 April | Rutte attends the North Sea Summit 2023. [261] |
![]() | São Paulo, Brasília & Pecém | 8–10 May | Rutte accompanied a trade mission to the country, and met with President Lula da Silva. [262] |
![]() | Reykjavík | 16–17 May | Rutte attended the Reykjavík Summit of the Council of Europe.[ citation needed ] |
![]() | Chișinău | 2–3 June | Rutte attends the second European Political Community meeting. [263] |
![]() | Tunis | 11 June | Rutte, the President of the European Commission von der Leyen and Italian Prime Minister Meloni visit Tunisian President Kais Saied and Prime Minister Najla Bouden. [264] |
![]() | Windhoek | 19 June | Rutte and Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen met with Namibian President Hage Geingob. Both countries led a trade mission aimed at building green hydrogen supply chains to Europe. [265] |
![]() | Pretoria | 20 June | Rutte and Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen met with South African President Cyril Ramaphosa. Both countries led a trade mission aimed at building green hydrogen supply chains to Europe. Furthermore the African peace plan initiative to end to ongoing war in Ukraine was discussed. [265] |
![]() | Rabat | 21 June | Rutte met with Moroccan Prime Minister Aziz Akhannouch. They discussed migration, the Russo-Ukrainian war and the export of green hydrogen from Morocco to the Netherlands. [266] |
![]() | Brussels | 29 - 30 June | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [267] |
![]() | Belgrade | 3 July | Rutte visits Serbian Prime Minister Aleksandar Vučić together with Luxembourgish Prime Minister Xavier Bettel in light of the increasing tensions between Serbia and Kosovo [268] |
![]() | Pristina | 4 July | Rutte visits Kosovan President Vjosa Osmani and Kosovan Prime Minister Albin Kurti together with Luxembourgish Prime Minister Xavier Bettel in light of the increasing tensions between Serbia and Kosovo [268] |
![]() | Vilnius | 11–12 July | Rutte attended the 33rd NATO summit [269] |
![]() | Tunis | 16 July | Rutte, the President of the European Commission von der Leyen and Italian Prime Minister Meloni visit Tunisian President Kais Saied. [270] |
![]() | Brussels | 17-18 July | Rutte attends the EU-CELAC Summit. [271] |
![]() | New Delhi, Bangalore | 9-11 September | Rutte attended the 2023 G20 New Delhi summit. [272] |
![]() | New York | 22 September | Rutte attended the United Nations General Assembly. [272] |
![]() | Abu Dhabi | 26 September | Rutte met with Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan. [273] |
![]() | Granada | 5–6 October | Rutte attended the 3rd European Political Community Summit. |
![]() | Sobibór | 12 October | Rutte attended the annual commemoration of the uprising that took place in the extermination camp Sobibór in 1943. [274] |
![]() | Odesa | 13 October | Rutte visited President Zelensky to make a statement that the current escalation of the Israel-Hamas war does not distract from the war in Ukraine. [275] |
![]() | Tirana | 16 October | Rutte attended the Berlin Process Summit. [276] |
![]() | Tel Aviv | 23 October | Rutte visited Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to discuss the latest developments during the Israel-Hamas war. [277] |
![]() | Ramallah | 23 October | Rutte visited the President of the Palestinian Authority Mahmoud Abbas to discuss the latest developments during the Israel-Hamas war. [277] |
![]() | Brussels | 26-27 October | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [278] |
![]() | Kuala Lumpur | 1 November | Rutte accompanied a trade mission to Malaysia and met with Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim. [279] |
![]() | Hanoi | 2 November | Rutte accompanied a trade mission to Vietnam and met with Vietnamese Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh. [280] |
![]() | Doha | 8 November | Rutte met with Qatari Sheikh Tamim Bin Hamad Al Thani to discuss the latest developments of the Israel-Hamas war. [281] |
![]() | Jerusalem | 8 November | Rutte visited Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to discuss the latest developments during the Israel-Hamas war. [282] |
![]() | Brussels | 10 November | Rutte met with the President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen. [283] |
![]() | Brussels | 15 November | Rutte met with the Secretary General of NATO Jens Stoltenberg. [284] |
![]() | Berlin | 20 November | Rutte attended a dialogue session where leaders of African countries and G20 partners met to tighten cooperation. [285] |
![]() | Paris | 28 November | Rutte met with his European counterparts in preparation of the upcoming European Council meeting. [286] |
![]() | Dubai | 30 November - 1 December | Rutte attended COP28. [287] |
![]() | Phoenix & San Francisco | 4-6 December | Rutte accompanied a trade mission to the United States. [288] |
![]() | London | 7 December | Rutte met with British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak. [289] |
![]() | Berlin | 11 December | Rutte met with German Chancellor Olaf Scholz. [290] |
![]() | Brussels | 14-15 December | Rutte attended the European Council meeting. [286] |
Country | Areas visited | Date(s) | Details |
---|---|---|---|
![]() | Paris | 5 January | Rutte attended the commemoration ceremony of Jacques Delors. [291] |
![]() | Davos | 16-17 January | Rutte attended the World Economic Forum. [292] |
![]() | Srebrenica, Sarajevo | 22-23 January | Rutte visited the Srebrenica Memorial Centre and Dutch troops at EUFOR Althea, and met with High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina Christian Schmidt (politician) and Croation Prime Minister Andrej Plenković. [293] |
![]() | Zagreb | 23 January | Rutte met with Croatian Prime Minister Andrej Plenković. [293] |
![]() | Brussels | 31 January-1 February | Rutte attended the commemoration ceremony of Jacques Delors and an informal European Council meeting. [294] |
![]() | Jerusalem | 12 February | Rutte met with Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu and minister of Defense Benny Gantz to discuss the latest developments revolving around the Israel-Hamas War. [295] |
![]() | Jerusalem | 12 February | Rutte met with Palestinian prime minister Mohammad Shtayyeh to discuss the latest developments revolving around the Israel-Hamas War. [296] |
![]() | Riyadh | 13 February | Rutte met with Saudi Crown Prince Mohamed bin Salman to discuss the latest developments revolving around the Israel-Hamas War. [297] |
![]() | Munich | 16-17 February | Rutte attended the 2024 Munich Security Conference. [298] |
![]() | Paris | 26 February | Rutte attended an international gathering on the continued support for Ukraine. [299] |
![]() | Kharkiv | 1 March | Rutte met with Ukrainian President Zelenskyy. [300] |
![]() | Jerusalem | 13 March | Rutte met with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu to discuss the Hamas-Israel war. [301] |
![]() | Cairo | 13 March | Rutte met with Egyptian President al-Sisi to discuss the Hamas-Israel war. [302] |
![]() | Leipzig | 20 March | Rutte attends the Leipziger Buchmesse as honorary guest. [303] |
![]() | Brussels | 21-22 March | Rutte attends the Nuclear Energy Summit and participates in the European Council meeting. [304] |
![]() | Beijing | 26-27 March | Rutte meets with Chinese President Xi Jinping. [305] |
![]() | Rukla, Vilnius | 2 April | Prime Minister Rutte visited the Dutch military personnel participating in NATO forces, a meeting with President Nausėda and a European working dinner at the invitation of the President of the European Council, Charles Michel. [306] |
![]() | Brussels | 17-18 April | Rutte attended an extraordinary European Council meeting. |
![]() | Helsinki | 13 June | Rutte meets with Finnish President Alexander Stub. |
![]() | Brussels | 17 June 2024 | Rutte will attend the informal European Council summit. |
![]() | Brussels | 27–28 June 2024 | Rutte will attend the European Council summit. |
Maria Cornelia Gezina "Mona" Keijzer is a Dutch politician and former civil servant who is the minister of housing and spatial planning in the Schoof cabinet since 2024. A member of the Farmer–Citizen Movement, she won a seat in the House of Representatives in the 2023 Dutch general election.
Thierry Henri Philippe Baudet is a Dutch politician, author and self-declared conspiracy theorist. He is the founder and leader of the far-right Forum for Democracy (FvD), for which he has been a member of the House of Representatives since 2017. He serves as the party's parliamentary leader. A controversial politician due to his political views, as well as his use of personal attacks against his opponents, he was physically assaulted twice while campaigning in 2023.
Sigrid Agnes Maria Kaag is a Dutch politician, humanitarian and diplomat who is the UN Senior Humanitarian and Reconstruction Coordinator for Gaza since 2024. Kaag most recently served in the fourth Rutte cabinet as First Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands and Minister of Finance from 2022 to 2024 and has previously served as Minister for Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation and Minister of Foreign Affairs. She was Leader of the Democrats 66 (D66) from 2020 to 2023.
An advisory referendum on the approval of the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement was held in the Netherlands on 6 April 2016. The referendum question was: "Are you for or against the Approval Act of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine?"
General elections were held in the Netherlands from 15 to 17 March 2021 to elect all 150 members of the House of Representatives. Following the elections and lengthy coalition formation talks, the sitting government remained in power.
The third Rutte cabinet was the cabinet of the Netherlands from 26 October 2017 until 10 January 2022. It was formed by a coalition government of the political parties People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), Democrats 66 (D66) and Christian Union (CU) after the general election of 2017.
Hugo Mattheüs de Jonge is a Dutch politician. A member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), he was elected to its leadership in 2020 for the 2021 Dutch general election. He withdrew later that year, citing an impossibility to combine his position as Health Minister in charge of the COVID-19 pandemic efforts with his party leadership. He later served in the fourth Rutte cabinet as Minister for Housing and Spatial Planning from 2022 until 2024 and as Minister of the Interior and Kingdom Relations from 2023 until 2024.
Wopke Bastiaan Hoekstra is a Dutch politician. He served as second Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands and Minister of Foreign Affairs in the fourth Rutte cabinet between 10 January 2022 and 1 September 2023. Hoekstra previously served as Minister of Finance in the third Rutte cabinet from 2017 to 2022 and Leader of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) from 2020 to 2023. In 2023, he was nominated to take on the role of Frans Timmermans as EU Commissioner, being responsible for climate action; a petition was started against Hoekstra's nomination due to his past work for Shell and his decisions that backed oil explorations in the Netherlands.
The Dutch farmers' protests are a series of demonstrations by Dutch livestock farmers, characterised by the use of tractors to block roads, and occupy public spaces. The protests were initially triggered in October 2019 by a proposal in parliament to halve the country's livestock in an attempt to limit agricultural pollution in the Netherlands, but protesting farmers have frequently told media that they are motivated by a perceived lack of respect for their profession by the Dutch populace, media and politicians. The protests combined several action groups and an amalgamation of larger goals, which included less government regulation for farmers, more air time for pro-farmer sentiments, and more policy to punish Shell and Tata Steel for their part in the emission crisis.
Hendrikus Wilhelmus Maria "Dick" Schoof is a Dutch civil servant and politician who has served as the prime minister of the Netherlands in the Schoof Cabinet since 2 July 2024.
Johannes Alexander "Hans" Vijlbrief is a Dutch civil servant, economist, and politician, who currently serves as State Secretary for the Extractive Industries. He is a member of the social-liberal party Democrats 66 (D66).
The COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands has resulted in 8,639,162 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 22,986 deaths.
Shortly after protests seeking justice for the murder of George Floyd, an African-American who was killed during a police arrest, began in the United States, people in the Netherlands protested to show solidarity with Americans and to demonstrate against issues with police or racism. Vigils and protests of up to thousands of participants took place nationwide.
Early general elections were held in the Netherlands on 22 November 2023 to elect the members of the House of Representatives. The elections had been expected to be held in 2025 but a snap election was called after the fourth Rutte cabinet collapsed on 7 July 2023 due to immigration policy disagreements between the coalition parties. The incumbent Prime Minister Mark Rutte announced that he would not lead his party into the election and that he would retire from politics.
The 2021 Dutch curfew riots were a series of riots in the Netherlands that initiated as protests against the government's COVID-19 prevention measures and specifically the 21:00–4:30 curfew that was introduced on 23 January 2021. The police have described the riots as the worst in the country since the 1980 coronation riots.
The fourth Rutte cabinet was the cabinet of the Netherlands from 10 January 2022 until 2 July 2024. The cabinet was a continuation of the third Rutte cabinet and was formed by the conservative liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), the social liberal Democrats 66 (D66) and the Christian democratic Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and Christian Union (CU) after the election of 2021. The cabinet fell on 7 July 2023, after failing to reach an agreement on separate treatment of refugees fleeing from war. It continued serving as a demissionary cabinet until the Schoof cabinet was sworn in on 2 July 2024.
Protests against COVID-19 in the Netherlands were a series of protests and riots in the Netherlands against the government COVID-19 prevention measures, which were in force between 27 January 2020 and 20 May 2022, with travel restrictions lifted on 17 September 2022. The protests came to a head with the 2021 Dutch curfew riots in response to a nationwide night-time curfew between 23 January and 28 April 2021. Since the end of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands, a number of anti-lockdown protest groups and individual protesters have shifted their attention to the ongoing, largely concurrent Dutch farmers' protests against government legislation to limit agricultural pollution by downsizing livestock production.
Vivianne L.W.A. Heijnen is a Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party. She served as Minister for the Environment as part of the fourth Rutte cabinet starting in January 2022 until the start of her maternity leave in May 2024. She did not return afterwards, as the Schoof cabinet was formed in July 2024. Heijnen was previously head of the Brussels campus of her alma mater Maastricht University, and she was active in local politics in Maastricht as municipal councilor (2010–18) and alderwoman (2018–22).
In the run-up to the 2023 Dutch general election, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge voting intentions in the Netherlands. Results of such polls are displayed in this list.
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