List of mormoopids

Last updated

Parnell's mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii) Mexican Mustached Bat, Chamela; Jalisco imported from iNaturalist photo 327143.jpg
Parnell's mustached bat (Pteronotus parnellii)

Mormoopidae is one of the twenty families of bats in the mammalian order Chiroptera and is part of the microbat suborder. Members of this family are called mormoopids (Latin pronunciation: [/ˌmɔrmoʊˈɑpəds/] ) and include ghost-faced bats, naked-backed bats, and mustached bats. They are found in South America, Central America, and southern North America, primarily in forests and caves, though some can be found in savannas. They range in size from the sooty mustached bat, at 4 cm (2 in) plus a 1 cm (0.4 in) tail, to the ghost-faced bat, at 8 cm (3 in) plus a 4 cm (2 in) tail. Like all bats, mormoopids are capable of true and sustained flight, and have forearm lengths ranging from 3 cm (1 in) to 7 cm (3 in). They are all insectivorous. [1] No mormoopids have population estimates, though the Paraguana moustached bat is categorized as an endangered species.

Contents

The eleven extant species of Mormoopidae are divided into two genera: Mormoops, with two species, and Pteronotus, with nine species. A few extinct prehistoric mormoopid species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed. [2]

Conventions

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
 EX  Extinct (0 species)
 EW  Extinct in the wild (0 species)
 CR  Critically endangered (0 species)
 EN  Endangered (1 species)
 VU  Vulnerable (0 species)
 NT  Near threatened (0 species)
 LC  Least concern (10 species)
Other categories
 DD  Data deficient (0 species)
 NE  Not evaluated (0 species)

The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the mormoopid's range is provided. Ranges and author citations are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

Classification

The family Mormoopidae consists of eleven species in two genera: Mormoops and Pteronotus.

Family Mormoopidae

Mormoopids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists. [3]

Genus Mormoops Leach, 1821 – two species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Antillean ghost-faced bat

Mormoops blainvillei in Haiti.jpg

M. blainvillei
Leach, 1821
Caribbean Size: 5–6 cm (2 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length [4]

Habitat: Caves [5]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [5]

Ghost-faced bat

Mormoops megalophylla.JPG

M. megalophylla
(Peters, 1864)

Four subspecies
  • M. m. carteri
  • M. m. intermedia
  • M. m. megalophylla
  • M. m. tumidiceps
Southern North America, Central America, and northern South America
Mormoops megalophylla map.svg
Size: 5–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length [4]

Habitat: Forest and caves [6]
 LC 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [6]

Genus Pteronotus Gray, 1838 – nine species
Common nameScientific name and subspeciesRangeSize and ecologyIUCN status and estimated population
Big naked-backed bat

Chilonycteris gymnonotus.jpg

P. gymnonotus
(Wagner, 1843)
Mexico, Central America, and northern South America
Pteronotus gymnonotus map.svg
Size: 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length [4]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves [7]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [7]

Davy's naked-backed bat

Pteronotus davyi 1.jpg

P. davyi
Gray, 1838

Three subspecies
  • P. d. davyi
  • P. d. fulvus
  • P. d. incae
Mexico, Central America, and northern South America
Pteronotus davyi map.svg
Size: 5–6 cm (2 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length [4]

Habitat: Forest and caves [8]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [8]

Macleay's mustached bat

Pteronotus macleayii Annals of natural history (1840) (18226066730).jpg

P. macleayii
(Gray, 1839)

Two subspecies
  • P. m. griseus
  • P. m. macleayii
Cuba and Jamaica Size: 4–6 cm (2 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length [4]

Habitat: Caves [9]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [9]

Mesoamerican common mustached bat

Pteronotus mesoamericanus 186554471.jpg

P. mesoamericanus
Smith, 1972
Southern Mexico and Central AmericaSize: 7–8 cm (3–3 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1 in) tail
5–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length [10]

Habitat: Forest [11]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [11]

Paraguana moustached bat


P. paraguanensis
(Linares & Ojasti, 1974)
Northern Venezuela Size: 6–7 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length [10]

Habitat: Forest and caves [12]
 EN 


Unknown Decrease2.svg [12]

Parnell's mustached bat

Pteronotus parnellii.jpg

P. parnellii
Gray, 1843

Six subspecies
  • P. p. fuscus
  • P. p. gonavensis
  • P. p. mexicanus
  • P. p. parnellii
  • P. p. portoricensis
  • P. p. pusillus
Mexico, Central America, and northern and central South America
Pteronotus parnellii map.svg
Size: About 6 cm (2 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
5–6 cm (2 in) forearm length [10]

Habitat: Caves and forest [13]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [13]

Sooty mustached bat


P. quadridens
(Gundlach, 1840)

Two subspecies
  • P. q. fuliginosus
  • P. q. quadridens
CaribbeanSize: 4–5 cm (2 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
3–4 cm (1–2 in) forearm length [4]

Habitat: Caves [14]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [14]

Wagner's common mustached bat

Rusty Mustached Bat, Arrondissement of Cayenne, French Guiana imported from iNaturalist photo 110044856.jpg

P. rubiginosus
Wagner, 1843
Central America and northern South AmericaSize: 6–8 cm (2–3 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail
6–7 cm (2–3 in) forearm length [10]

Habitat: Forest [15]
 LC 


Unknown Blue question mark (italic).svg [15]

Wagner's mustached bat

Wagner's Mustached Bat (Pteronotus personatus) (38053341645).jpg

P. personatus
Wagner, 1843

Two subspecies
  • P. p. personatus
  • P. p. psilotis
Mexico, Central America, and northern and central South America
Pteronotus personatus map.svg
Size: 4–5 cm (2 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail
4–5 cm (2 in) forearm length [4]

Habitat: Forest, savanna, and caves [16]
 LC 


Unknown Steady2.svg [16]

References

  1. Nowak, p. 119
  2. "Fossilworks: Mormoopidae". Paleobiology Database . University of Wisconsin–Madison. Archived from the original on February 19, 2025. Retrieved February 18, 2025.
  3. Wilson, Reeder, pp. 426-427
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 492
  5. 1 2 Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Mormoops blainvillei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T13877A22085914. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13877A22085914.en .
  6. 1 2 Davalos, L.; Molinari, J.; Mantilla-Meluk, H.; Medina, C.; Pineda, J.; Rodriguez, B. (2019). "Mormoops megalophylla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T13878A22086060. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T13878A22086060.en .
  7. 1 2 Solari, S. (2019). "Pteronotus gymnonotus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T18706A22077065. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18706A22077065.en .
  8. 1 2 Solari, S.; Davalos, L. (2019). "Pteronotus davyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T18705A22077399. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18705A22077399.en .
  9. 1 2 Mancina, C.; Solari, S. (2019). "Pteronotus macleayii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019: e.T18707A22077903. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18707A22077903.en .
  10. 1 2 3 4 Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 493
  11. 1 2 Solari, S. (2016). "Pteronotus mesoamericanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T88018392A88018395. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T88018392A88018395.en .
  12. 1 2 Solari, S. (2016). "Pteronotus paraguanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T136610A21987754. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136610A21987754.en .
  13. 1 2 Solari, S. (2016). "Pteronotus parnellii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T88017638A22077695. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T88017638A22077695.en .
  14. 1 2 Miller, B.; Reid, F.; Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Cuarón, A. D.; de Grammont, P. C. (2016). "Pteronotus quadridens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T18710A22076753. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T18710A22076753.en .
  15. 1 2 Solari, S. (2016). "Pteronotus rubiginosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T88018592A88018595. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T88018592A88018595.en .
  16. 1 2 Davalos, L.; Molinari, J.; Mantilla-Meluk, H.; Medina, C.; Pineda, J.; Rodriguez, B. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Pteronotus personatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T18709A115145223. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T18709A22076876.en .

Sources