List of arvicolines

Eastern meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus)

Arvicolinae is a subfamily of mammals in the rodent family Cricetidae, which in turn is part of the Myomorpha suborder in the order Rodentia. Members of this subfamily are called arvicolines and include voles, lemmings, and muskrats. They are found in North America, Europe, and Asia, primarily in forests, shrublands, grasslands, and wetlands, though some species can be found in deserts and rocky areas. They range in size from the woodland vole, at 6 cm (2 in) plus a 1 cm (0.4 in) tail, to the muskrat, at 30 cm (12 in) plus a 25 cm (10 in) tail. Arvicolines generally eat grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation, though some also eat fungus and invertebrates. Almost no arvicolines have population estimates, but three species—the Lake Baikal mountain vole, Tarabundí vole, and Zempoaltépec vole—are categorized as endangered.

The 158 extant species of Arvicolinae are divided into 30 genera, with over a third of species, 57, in the Microtus genus. Several extinct prehistoric arvicoline species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries, the exact number and categorization are not fixed. ^[1]

Conventions

IUCN Red List categories

Conservation status
EX	Extinct (0 species)
EW	Extinct in the wild (0 species)
CR	Critically endangered (0 species)
EN	Endangered (3 species)
VU	Vulnerable (5 species)
NT	Near threatened (11 species)
LC	Least concern (126 species)
Other categories
DD	Data deficient (13 species)
NE	Not evaluated (0 species)

The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the arvicoline's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted.

Classification

Arvicolinae is a subfamily of the rodent family Cricetidae consisting of 158 extant species in 30 genera. These genera range in size from one to 57 species. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species.

Subfamily Arvicolinae

• Genus Alexandromys (grass voles): eleven species
• Genus Alticola (high mountain voles): twelve species
• Genus Arborimus (tree voles): three species
• Genus Arvicola (water voles): three species
• Genus Caryomys (brownish voles): two species
• Genus Chionomys (snow voles): eleven species
• Genus Clethrionomys (bank voles): five species
• Genus Craseomys (grey-sided voles): six species
• Genus Dicrostonyx (collared lemmings): eight species
• Genus Dinaromys (Balkan snow vole): one species
• Genus Ellobius (mole voles): five species
• Genus Eolagurus (steppe lemmings): two species
• Genus Eothenomys (Père David's voles): eight species
• Genus Hyperacrius (Kashmir voles): two species
• Genus Lagurus (steppe lemming): one species
• Genus Lasiopodomys (narrow-headed steppe voles): two species
• Genus Lemmiscus (sagebrush vole): one species
• Genus Lemmus (lemmings): five species
• Genus Microtus (meadow voles): 57 species
• Genus Myopus (wood lemming): one species
• Genus Neodon (mountain voles): six species
• Genus Neofiber (round-tailed muskrat): one species
• Genus Ondatra (muskrat): one species
• Genus Phaiomys (Blyth's vole): one species
• Genus Phenacomys (heather voles): two species
• Genus Proedromys (Duke of Bedford's voles): two species
• Genus Prometheomys (long-clawed mole vole): one species
• Genus Stenocranius (narrow-headed voles): two species
• Genus Synaptomys (bog lemmings): two species
• Genus Volemys (Szechuan voles): two species

Arvicolinae [2] Lemmiscus Clethrionomyini    Caryomys Eothenomys Craseomys Alticola Clethrionomys Ellobiusini    Ellobius Pliomyini    Dinaromys Hyperacrius Lagurini    Eolagurus Lagurus Arvicolini    Arvicola Microtini    Chionomys Proedromys Volemys Mictomicrotus Microtus Neodon Phaiomys Alexandromys Lasiopodomys Stenocranius Ondatrini    Neofiber Ondatra Lemmini    Lemmus Myopus Synaptomys Dicrostonychini    Dicrostonyx Pliophenacomyini    Arborimus Phenacomys Prometheomyini    Prometheomys

Arvicolines

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis, as supported by both the IUCN and the American Society of Mammalogists. ^[3]

Genus Alexandromys – Ognev, 1914 – eleven species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Evorsk vole	A. evoronensis (Kovalskaya & Sokolov, 1980)	Southeastern Russia	Size: 12–16 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail [4] Habitat: Grassland [5] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	DD  Unknown [5]
Japanese grass vole	A. montebelli (A. Milne-Edwards, 1872)	Japan	Size: 9–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands [7] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [7]
Lacustrine vole	A. limnophilus (Büchner, 1889)	Mongolia and China	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, rocky areas, and desert [8] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [8]
Maximowicz's vole	A. maximowiczii (Schrenck, 1859)	Eastern Asia	Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest [9] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [9]
Middendorff's vole	A. middendorffii (Poliakov, 1881)	East-central Russia	Size: 9–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest, grassland, and inland wetlands [10] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [10]
Mongolian vole	A. mongolicus (Radde, 1861)	Eastern Asia	Size: 8–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest and shrubland [11] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [11]
Muya Valley vole	A. mujanensis (Orlov & Kovalskaya, 1978)	Southeastern Russia	Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest [12] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	DD  Unknown [12]
Reed vole	A. fortis (Büchner, 1889)	Eastern Asia	Size: 11–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 3–8 cm (1–3 in) tail [4] Habitat: Inland wetlands [13] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [13]
Sakhalin vole	A. sachalinensis (Vassin, 1955)	Eastern Russia	Size: 10–18 cm (4–7 in) long, plus 3–8 cm (1–3 in) tail [4] Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands [14] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [14]
Taiwan vole	A. kikuchii (Kuroda, 1920)	Taiwan	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 8–10 cm (3–4 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest and grassland [15] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [15]
Tundra vole	A. oeconomus (Pallas, 1776)	Europe, northern Asia, and northwestern North America	Size: 7–15 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 2–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [16] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [16]

Genus Alticola – Blanford, 1881 – twelve species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Central Kashmir vole	A. montosa (F. W. True, 1894)	Northern Pakistan and northern India	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest and rocky areas [18] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	VU  Unknown [18]
Flat-headed vole	A. strelzowi (Kaschtschenko, 1899)	Central Asia	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Grassland [20] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	LC  Unknown [20]
Gobi Altai mountain vole	A. barakshin Bannikov, 1947	Central Asia	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Grassland [21] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	LC  Unknown [21]
Lake Baikal mountain vole	A. olchonensis Litvinov, 1960	Southern Russia	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Rocky areas [22] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	EN  Unknown [22]
Large-eared vole	A. macrotis (Radde, 1862)	Central Asia	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Rocky areas [23] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	LC  Unknown [23]
Lemming vole	A. lemminus (G. S. Miller, 1899)	Eastern Russia	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Rocky areas [24] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	LC  Unknown [24]
Mongolian silver vole	A. semicanus (Allen, 1928)	Central Asia	Size: 9–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Grassland [25] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	LC  Unknown [25]
Royle's mountain vole	A. roylei (J. E. Gray, 1842)	Northern India	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas [26] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	NT  Unknown [26]
Silver mountain vole	A. argentatus (Sévertsov, 1879)	Central Asia	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 3–7 cm (1–3 in) tail [17] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas [27] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	LC  Unknown [27]
Stolička's mountain vole	A. stoliczkanus (Blanford, 1875)	China and Nepal	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas [28] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	LC  Unknown [28]
Tuva silver vole	A. tuvinicus Ognev, 1950	Central Asia	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Rocky areas [29] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	LC  Unknown [29]
White-tailed mountain vole	A. albicaudus (True, 1894)	Northern India	Size: 10–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Rocky areas and shrubland [30] Diet: Stems and leaves [19]	DD  Unknown [30]

Genus Arborimus – Taylor, 1915 – three species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Red tree vole	A. longicaudus (True, 1890)	Western United States	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 6–9 cm (2–4 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest [32] Diet: Conifer needles [33]	NT  Unknown [32]
Sonoma tree vole	A. pomo Johnson & George, 1991	Western United States	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest [34] Diet: Conifer needles [33]	NT  Unknown [34]
White-footed vole	A. albipes (Merriam, 1901)	Western United States	Size: 10–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 6–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [35] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands [36] Diet: Conifer needles [33]	LC  Unknown [36]

Genus Arvicola – Lacépède, 1799 – three species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
European water vole	A. amphibius (Linnaeus, 1758)	Europe and Asia	Size: 12–23 cm (5–9 in) long, plus 5–14 cm (2–6 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest, grassland, and inland wetlands [38] Diet: Aquatic plants, herbs, grass, twigs, buds, roots, bulbs, and fruit [39]	LC  Unknown [38]
Italian water vole	A. italicus Savi, 1838	South-central Europe	Size: 16–20 cm (6–8 in) long, plus 8–11 cm (3–4 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands [40] Diet: Aquatic plants, herbs, grass, twigs, buds, roots, bulbs, and fruit [39]	NT  Unknown [40]
Southwestern water vole	A. sapidus Miller, 1908	Western Europe	Size: 16–22 cm (6–9 in) long, plus 10–14 cm (4–6 in) tail [37] Habitat: Inland wetlands [41] Diet: Aquatic plants, herbs, grass, twigs, buds, roots, bulbs, and fruit [39]	NT  Unknown [41]

Genus Caryomys – Thomas, 1911 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Ganzu vole	C. eva (Thomas, 1911)	Central China	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest [42] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [42]
Kolan vole	C. inez (Thomas, 1908)	Central China	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest [43] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [43]

Genus Chionomys – Miller, 1908 – three species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Caucasian snow vole	C. gud Satunin, 1909	West-central Asia	Size: 11–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [37] Habitat: Rocky areas [44] Diet: Grass, herbs, and seeds [45]	LC  Unknown [44]
European snow vole	C. nivalis (Martins, 1842)	Europe and western Asia	Size: 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 4–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [37] Habitat: Rocky areas [46] Diet: Grass, herbs, and seeds [45]	LC  Unknown [46]
Robert's snow vole	C. roberti (Thomas, 1906)	West-central Asia	Size: 12–16 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 8–11 cm (3–4 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest [47] Diet: Grass, herbs, and seeds [45]	LC  Unknown [47]

Genus Clethrionomys – Gistel, 1850 – five species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Bank vole	C. glareolus (Schreber, 1780)	Europe and western Asia	Size: 8–14 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 3–8 cm (1–3 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest and shrubland [48] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [48]
Northern red-backed vole	C. rutilus (Pallas, 1779)	Northeastern Europe, northern Asia, and northwestern North America	Size: 8–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest and grassland [50] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [50]
Southern red-backed vole	C. gapperi (Vigors, 1830)	Canada and United States	Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest and rocky areas [51] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [51]
Tien Shan red-backed vole	C. centralis (Miller, 1906)	Central Asia	Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest [52] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [52]
Western red-backed vole	C. californicus (Merriam, 1890)	Western United States	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest [53] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [53]

Genus Craseomys – Miller, 1900 – six species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Grey red-backed vole	C. rufocanus (Sundevall, 1846)	Northern Europe and northern Asia	Size: 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–7 cm (1–3 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and rocky areas [54] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [54]
Hokkaido red-backed vole	C. rex (Imaizumi, 1971)	Japan and eastern Russia	Size: 11–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [55] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [55]
Japanese red-backed vole	C. andersoni (Thomas, 1905)	Japan	Size: 7–14 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 4–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [31] Habitat: Inland wetlands and rocky areas [56] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [56]
Royal vole	C. regulus Thomas, 1907	South Korea and North Korea	Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas [57] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [57]
Shansei vole	C. shanseius (Thomas, 1908)	Central and eastern China	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and rocky areas [58] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [58]
Smith's vole	C. smithii (Thomas, 1905)	Japan	Size: 7–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest [59] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [49]	LC  Unknown [59]

Genus Dicrostonyx – Gloger, 1841 – eight species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Arctic lemming	D. torquatus (Pallas, 1778)	Northern Russia	Size: 8–14 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [60] Diet: Fruit, flowers, grass, sedges, buds, twigs, and bark [61]	LC  Unknown [60]
Nelson's collared lemming	D. nelsoni Merriam, 1900	Western Alaska	Size: 12–14 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Grassland [62] Diet: Fruit, flowers, grass, sedges, buds, twigs, and bark [61]	LC  Unknown [62]
Northern collared lemming	D. groenlandicus (Traill, 1823)	Northern North America	Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Grassland [63] Diet: Fruit, flowers, grass, sedges, buds, twigs, and bark [61]	LC  Unknown [63]
Ogilvie Mountains collared lemming	D. nunatakensis Youngman, 1967	Northwestern Canada	Size: 11–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Grassland [64] Diet: Fruit, flowers, grass, sedges, buds, twigs, and bark [61]	LC  Unknown [64]
Richardson's collared lemming	D. richardsoni Merriam, 1900	North-central Canada	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [65] Diet: Fruit, flowers, grass, sedges, buds, twigs, and bark [61]	LC  Unknown [65]
Unalaska collared lemming	D. unalascensis Merriam, 1900	Southwestern Alaska	Size: Unknown [31] Habitat: Grassland [66] Diet: Fruit, flowers, grass, sedges, buds, twigs, and bark [61]	DD  Unknown [66]
Ungava collared lemming	D. hudsonius (Pallas, 1778)	Northeastern Canada	Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Grassland and rocky areas [67] Diet: Fruit, flowers, grass, sedges, buds, twigs, and bark [61]	LC  Unknown [67]
Wrangel lemming	D. vinogradovi (Ogniov, 1948)	Eastern Russia	Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [68] Diet: Fruit, flowers, grass, sedges, buds, twigs, and bark [61]	DD  Unknown [68]

Genus Dinaromys – Kretzoi, 1955 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Balkan snow vole	D. bogdanovi (Martino & Martino, 1922)	Southern Europe	Size: 13–16 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 8–11 cm (3–4 in) tail [37] Habitat: Rocky areas [69] Diet: Grass [70]	VU  Unknown [69]

Genus Ellobius – Fischer von Waldheim, 1814 – five species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Alai mole vole	E. alaicus Vorontsov, Lyapunova, Zakaryan, & Ivanov, 1969	Southern Kyrgyzstan	Size: 11–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [37] Habitat: Unknown [71] Diet: Bulbs, tubers, and other underground plant parts [72]	DD  Unknown [71]
Northern mole vole	E. talpinus (Pallas, 1770)	Eastern Europe and west-central Asia	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 0.5–3 cm (0.2–1.2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Grassland [73] Diet: Bulbs, tubers, and other underground plant parts [72]	LC  Unknown [73]
Southern mole vole	E. fuscocapillus (Blyth, 1843)	West-central Asia	Size: 9–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [37] Habitat: Grassland [74] Diet: Bulbs, tubers, and other underground plant parts [72]	LC  Unknown [74]
Transcaucasian mole vole	E. lutescens (Thomas, 1897)	Western Asia	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [37] Habitat: Grassland [75] Diet: Bulbs, tubers, and other underground plant parts [72]	LC  Unknown [75]
Zaisan mole vole	E. tancrei Blasius, 1884	Central Asia	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail [37] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert [76] Diet: Bulbs, tubers, and other underground plant parts [72]	LC  Unknown [76]

Genus Eolagurus – Argiropulo, 1946 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Przewalski's steppe lemming	E. przewalskii (Büchner, 1889)	Mongolia and northern China	Size: 12–13 cm (5 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [37] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [77] Diet: Bulbs, seeds, and roots [78]	LC  Unknown [77]
Yellow steppe lemming	E. luteus (Eversmann, 1840)	Central Asia	Size: 13–16 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Shrubland [79] Diet: Bulbs, seeds, and roots [78]	LC  Unknown [79]

Genus Eothenomys – Miller, 1896 – eight species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Chaotung vole	E. olitor (Thomas, 1911)	Southern China	Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest [80] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [81]	LC  Unknown [80]
Kachin red-backed vole	E. cachinus (Thomas, 1921)	Southern China	Size: 8–14 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 3–7 cm (1–3 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest [82] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [81]	LC  Unknown [82]
Pratt's vole	E. chinensis (Thomas, 1891)	Central China	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 5–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest and grassland [83] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [81]	LC  Unknown [83]
Père David's vole	E. melanogaster (H. Milne-Edwards, 1871)	Eastern Asia	Size: 7–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [84] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [81]	LC  Unknown [84]
Southwest China vole	E. custos (Thomas, 1912)	Southern China	Size: 7–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and rocky areas [85] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [81]	LC  Unknown [85]
Ward's red-backed vole	E. wardi (Thomas, 1912)	Southern China	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest, grassland, and rocky areas [86] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [81]	NT  Unknown [86]
Yulungshan vole	E. proditor Hinton, 1923	Southern China	Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Grassland and rocky areas [87] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [81]	DD  Unknown [87]
Yunnan red-backed vole	E. miletus (Thomas, 1914)	South-central China	Size: 8–14 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 3–7 cm (1–3 in) tail [17] Habitat: Forest [88] Diet: Tender vegetation, nuts, seeds, bark, lichens, fungus, and insects [81]	LC  Unknown [88]

Genus Hyperacrius – Miller, 1896 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Murree vole	H. wynnei (Blanford, 1881)	Northern Pakistan and western China	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest and grassland [89] Diet: Grass, stems, and roots [70]	LC  Unknown [89]
True's vole	H. fertilis (True, 1894)	Northern Pakistan and western China	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [90] Diet: Grass, stems, and roots [70]	NT  Unknown [90]

Genus Lagurus – Gloger, 1841 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Steppe lemming	L. lagurus (Pallas, 1773)	Eastern Europe and western, central, and eastern Asia	Size: 7–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [37] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [91] Diet: Green vegetation, tubers, and bulbs [78]	LC  Unknown [91]

Genus Lasiopodomys – Lataste, 1887 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Brandt's vole	L. brandtii (Radde, 1861)	East-central Asia	Size: 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [92] Diet: Grass, vegetation, and roots [45]	LC  Unknown [92]
Mandarin vole	L. mandarinus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1871)	Eastern Asia	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail [4] Habitat: Grassland [93] Diet: Grass, vegetation, and roots [45]	LC  Unknown [93]

Genus Lemmiscus – Thomas, 1912 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Sagebrush vole	L. curtatus (Cope, 1868)	Western United States and western Canada	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [94] Diet: Green vegetation [95]	LC  Unknown [94]

Genus Lemmus – Link, 1795 – five species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Amur lemming	L. amurensis Vinogradov, 1924	Eastern Russia and northeastern China	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [96] Diet: Sedges, grass, bark, leaves, berries, lichens, and roots [97]	LC  Unknown [96]
Canadian lemming	L. trimucronatus (Richardson, 1825)	Eastern Russia and western North America	Size: 11–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Grassland [98] Diet: Sedges, grass, bark, leaves, berries, lichens, and roots [97]	LC  Unknown [98]
Norway lemming	L. lemmus (Linnaeus, 1758)	Northern Europe and northwestern Russia	Size: 11–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [99] Diet: Sedges, grass, bark, leaves, berries, lichens, and roots [97]	LC  Unknown [99]
West Siberian lemming	L. sibiricus (Kerr, 1792)	Northern Russia	Size: 9–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [100] Diet: Sedges, grass, bark, leaves, berries, lichens, and roots [97]	LC  Unknown [100]
Wrangel Island lemming	L. portenkoi Tchernyavsky, 1967	Wrangel Island in northeastern Russia	Size: 9–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 0.5–2 cm (0.2–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Grassland [101] Diet: Sedges, grass, bark, leaves, berries, lichens, and roots [97]	DD  Unknown [101]

Genus Microtus – Schrank, 1798 – 57 species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Afghan vole	M. afghanus Thomas, 1912	Central Asia	Size: 6–13 cm (2–5 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail [102] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and desert [103] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [103]
Alpine pine vole	M. multiplex (Fatio, 1905)	Southern Europe	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 4–5 cm (2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest and grassland [105] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [105]
Altai vole	M. obscurus Eversmann, 1841	Southeastern Europe and western and central Asia	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Grassland [106] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [106]
Anatolian vole	M. anatolicus Kryštufek & Kefelioğlu, 2002	Turkey	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Shrubland [107] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	DD  Unknown [107]
Beach vole	M. breweri Baird, 1858	Muskeget Island in northeastern United States	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–7 cm (1–3 in) tail [102] Habitat: Grassland and coastal marine [108] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	VU  Unknown [108]
Bucharian vole	M. bucharensis Vinogradov, 1930	Central Asia	Size: About 13 cm (5 in) long, plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Shrubland [109] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [109]
Cabrera's vole	M. cabrerae Thomas, 1906	Spain and Portugal	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest, grassland, and inland wetlands [110] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	NT  Unknown [110]
Calabria pine vole	M. brachycercus (Lehmann, 1961)	Southern Italy	Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail [104] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [111] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [111]
California vole	M. californicus (Peale, 1848)	Western United States and western Mexico	Size: 11–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Grassland, desert, and intertidal marine [112] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [112]
Caspian gray vole	M. mystacinus (Filippi, 1865)	Iran	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [113] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [113]
Common vole	M. arvalis (Pallas, 1778)	Europe and western Russia	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [114] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [114]
Creeping vole	M. oregoni (Bachman, 1839)	Western United States and southwestern Canada	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [115] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [115]
Daghestan pine vole	M. daghestanicus (Shidlovsky, 1919)	West-central Asia	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Inland wetlands [116] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [116]
Doğramaci's vole	M. dogramacii Kefelioğlu & Kryštufek, 1999	Turkey	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail [104] Habitat: Shrubland [117] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [117]
East European grey vole	M. rossiaemeridionalis (Ognev, 1924)	Eastern Europe and western Asia	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands [118] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [118]
Eastern meadow vole	M. pennsylvanicus (Ord, 1815)	Canada and United States	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–7 cm (1–3 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [119] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [119]
European pine vole	M. subterraneus (Selys, 1836)	Europe and western Asia	Size: 7–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and rocky areas [120] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [120]
Felten's vole	M. felteni Malec & Storch, 1963	Southeastern Europe	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest [121] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [121]
Gerbe's vole	M. gerbei (Gerbe, 1879)	France and Spain	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest, grassland, and rocky areas [122] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [122]
Gray-tailed vole	M. canicaudus Miller, 1897	Northwestern United States	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Grassland [123] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [123]
Guatemalan vole	M. guatemalensis Merriam, 1898	Guatemala and southern Mexico	Size: 11–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest [124] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	NT  Unknown [124]
Günther's vole	M. guentheri (Danford & Alston, 1880)	Western Asia	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [125] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [125]
Insular vole	M. abbreviatus Miller, 1899	Alaska	Size: 8–15 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 1–5 cm (0.4–2.0 in) tail [102] Habitat: Grassland [126] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [126]
Jalapan pine vole	M. quasiater (Coues, 1874)	Eastern Mexico	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest, grassland, and rocky areas [127] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	NT  Unknown [127]
Juniper vole	M. yuldaschi (Sévertsov, 1879)	Central Asia	Size: 6–12 cm (2–5 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [128] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [128]
Kerman vole	M. kermanensis de Roguin, 1988	Iran	Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Unknown [129] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	DD  Unknown [129]
Liechtenstein's pine vole	M. liechtensteini (Wettstein, 1927)	Central and eastern Europe	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest and grassland [130] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [130]
Long-tailed vole	M. longicaudus (Merriam, 1888)	Western United States and western Canada	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 4–9 cm (2–4 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [131] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [131]
Lusitanian pine vole	M. lusitanicus (Gerbe, 1879)	Southwestern Europe	Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest [132] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [132]
Major's pine vole	M. majori (Thomas, 1906)	Western Asia	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [133] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [133]
Mediterranean field vole	M. lavernedii Crespon, 1844	Western and central Europe	Size: 9–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [134] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [134]
Mediterranean pine vole	M. duodecimcostatus (Selys, 1839)	Southwestern Europe	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 1–4 cm (0.4–1.6 in) tail [104] Habitat: Shrubland [135] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [135]
Mexican vole	M. mexicanus (Saussure, 1861)	Mexico and southwestern United States	Size: 10–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest [136] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [136]
Montane vole	M. montanus (Peale, 1848)	Western United States	Size: 11–16 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–7 cm (1–3 in) tail [102] Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [137] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [137]
North American water vole	M. richardsoni (Kay, 1842)	Western United States and western Canada	Size: 12–18 cm (5–7 in) long, plus 6–10 cm (2–4 in) tail [102] Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands [138] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [138]
Paradox vole	M. paradoxus (Ognev & Heptner, 1928)	Turkmenistan and northeast Iran	Size: 8–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail [104] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [139] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [139]
Persian vole	M. irani Thomas, 1921	Iran	Size: 8–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Grassland [140] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	VU  Unknown [140]
Portuguese field vole	M. rozianus Bocage, 1865	Northern Portugal and northwestern Spain	Size: About 10 cm (4 in) long, plus about 4 cm (2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands [141] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [141]
Prairie vole	M. ochrogaster (Wagner, 1843)	South-central Canada and central United States	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [142] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [142]
Qazvin vole	M. qazvinensis Golenishchev, Sablina, Borodin, & Gerasimov, 2003	Iran	Size: 8–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [143] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [143]
Rock vole	M. chrotorrhinus (Miller, 1894)	Eastern Canada and eastern United States	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest and rocky areas [144] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [144]
Savi's pine vole	M. savii (de Sélys-Longchamps, 1838)	Central Europe	Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–3 cm (1–1 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest and shrubland [145] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [145]
Schelkovnikov's pine vole	M. schelkovnikovi Satunin, 1907	Azerbaijan and Iran	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest [146] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [146]
Schidlovsky's vole	M. schidlovskii Argiropulo, 1933	Eastern Europe and Turkey	Size: 8–13 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Grassland [147] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [147]
Short-tailed field vole	M. agrestis (Linnaeus, 1761)	Europe and northern Asia	Size: 9–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [148] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [148]
Sicilian pine vole	M. nebrodensis Palumbo, 1868	Island of Sicily in Italy	Size: 9–11 cm (4 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0–1 in) tail [104] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [149] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [149]
Singing vole	M. miurus Osgood, 1901	Alaska and northwestern Canada	Size: 8–15 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 1–5 cm (0.4–2.0 in) tail [4] Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands [150] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [150]
Social vole	M. socialis (Pallas, 1773)	Central and western Asia	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Grassland [151] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [151]
Taiga vole	M. xanthognathus (Leach, 1815)	Alaska and northern Canada	Size: 14–18 cm (6–7 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands [152] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [152]
Tarabundí vole	M. oaxacensis Goodwin, 1966	Southern Mexico	Size: 11–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest [153] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	EN  Unknown [153]
Tatra pine vole	M. tatricus (Kratochvíl, 1952)	Eastern Europe	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Forest and grassland [154] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  200,000–250,000 [154]
Thomas's pine vole	M. thomasi Barrett-Hamilton, 1903	Southeastern Europe	Size: 7–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [104] Habitat: Grassland [155] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [155]
Tien Shan vole	M. ilaeus Thomas, 1912	Central Asia	Size: 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [156] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [157] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [157]
Townsend's vole	M. townsendii (Bachman, 1839)	Southwestern Canada and western United States	Size: 12–16 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 4–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [102] Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands [158] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [158]
Transcaspian vole	M. transcaspicus Satunin, 1905	Western Asia	Size: 9–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [156] Habitat: Grassland [159] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [159]
Woodland vole	M. pinetorum (Conte, 1830)	Eastern Canada and eastern United States	Size: 6–11 cm (2–4 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands [160] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [160]
Zempoaltépec vole	M. umbrosus Merriam, 1898	Southern Mexico	Size: 11–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 4–7 cm (2–3 in) tail [102] Habitat: Forest [161] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	EN  Unknown [161]

Genus Myopus – Miller, 1910 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Wood lemming	M. schisticolor (Lilljeborg, 1844)	Northern Europe and northern Asia	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–2 cm (0.4–0.8 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands [162] Diet: Moss, stems, and bark [163]	LC  Unknown [162]

Genus Neodon – Horsfield, 1841 – six species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Chinese scrub vole	N. irene (Thomas, 1911)	Central and southern China	Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Shrubland and grassland [164] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [164]
Clarke's vole	M. clarkei (Hinton, 1923)	Southern China	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 6–7 cm (2–3 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest and grassland [165] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [165]
Forrest's mountain vole	N. forresti Hinton, 1923	Southern China and northern Myanmar	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Grassland and rocky areas [166] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	DD  Unknown [166]
Linzhi mountain vole	N. linzhiensis Liu, Sun, Liu, Wang, Guo, & Murphy, 2012	Southern China and northern Myanmar	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Unknown [167] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [167]
Plateau vole	N. fuscus Büchner, 1889	Central China	Size: 9–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Grassland [168] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [168]
Sikkim mountain vole	N. sikimensis (Horsfield, 1841)	Southern China and northern Bhutan	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest and grassland [169] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [169]

Genus Neofiber – True, 1884 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Round-tailed muskrat	N. alleni True, 1884	Southeastern United Staes	Size: 18–21 cm (7–8 in) long, plus 9–17 cm (4–7 in) tail [35] Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands [170] Diet: Maidencane, as well as rushes, sedges, sawgrass, and mangrove bark [171]	LC  Unknown [170]

Genus Ondatra – Link, 1795 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Muskrat	O. zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766)	North America, Europe, and Asia	Size: 27–30 cm (11–12 in) long, plus 20–25 cm (8–10 in) tail [35] Habitat: Inland wetlands [172] Diet: Cattails, bulrushes, grass, and other vegetation, as well as crabs, crayfish, mussels, and small fish [173]	LC  Unknown [172]

Genus Phaiomys – Blyth, 1863 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Blyth's vole	P. leucurus (Blyth, 1863)	Western China	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest, grassland, rocky areas, and shrubland [174] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [174]

Genus Phenacomys – Merriam, 1889 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Eastern heather vole	P. ungava (Merriam, 1889)	Canada	Size: 8–12 cm (3–5 in) long, plus 2–4 cm (1–2 in) tail [35] Habitat: Forest and shrubland [175] Diet: Bark, buds, heaths, forbs, berries, and seeds [176]	LC  Unknown [175]
Western heather vole	P. intermedius (Merriam, 1889)	Western Canada and northwestern United States	Size: 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 2–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [35] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland [177] Diet: Bark, buds, heaths, forbs, berries, and seeds [176]	LC  Unknown [177]

Genus Proedromys – Thomas, 1911 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Duke of Bedford's vole	P. bedfordi Thomas, 1911	Central China	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 3–5 cm (1–2 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest [178] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	VU  Unknown [178]
Liangshan vole	P. liangshanensis (Liu, Sun, Zeng, & Zhao, 2007)	Central China	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 6–9 cm (2–4 in) tail [4] Habitat: Forest and grassland [179] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	DD  Unknown [179]

Genus Prometheomys – Satunin, 1901 – one species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Long-clawed mole vole	P. schaposchnikowi Satunin, 1901	Western Asia	Size: 12–17 cm (5–7 in) long, plus 3–6 cm (1–2 in) tail [35] Habitat: Grassland [180] Diet: Green vegetation and roots [72]	LC  Unknown [180]

Genus Stenocranius – Kaschtschenko, 1901 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Narrow-headed vole	S. gregalis Pallas, 1789	Northern Asia	Size: 8–15 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 1–5 cm (0.4–2.0 in) tail [4] Habitat: Grassland [181] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [181]
Radde's vole	S. raddei (Poljakov, 1881)	Northeastern Mongolia and southeastern Russia	Size: 8–15 cm (3–6 in) long, plus 1–5 cm (0.4–2.0 in) tail [4] Habitat: Grassland [182] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	LC  Unknown [182]

Genus Synaptomys – Baird, 1857 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Northern bog lemming	S. borealis (Richardson, 1828)	Canada and northern United States	Size: 9–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [183] Diet: Green vegetation as well as slugs, snails, and other invertebrates [184]	LC  Unknown [183]
Southern bog lemming	S. cooperi Baird, 1857	Eastern Canada and northeastern United States	Size: 10–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 1–3 cm (0.4–1.2 in) tail [31] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands [185] Diet: Green vegetation as well as slugs, snails, and other invertebrates [184]	LC  Unknown [185]

Genus Volemys – Zagorodnyuk, 1990 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Marie's vole	V. musseri (Lawrence, 1982)	Central China	Size: 9–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 4–8 cm (2–3 in) tail [37] Habitat: Grassland and rocky areas [186] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	DD  Unknown [186]
Szechuan vole	V. millicens (Thomas, 1911)	Central China	Size: 8–10 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 4–6 cm (2 in) tail [37] Habitat: Forest [187] Diet: Grass, leaves, twigs, bulbs, tubers, seeds, nuts, and other vegetation [6]	NT  Unknown [187]

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81. Nowak, p. 1462
82. Smith, A. T. (2016). "Eothenomys cachinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136507A22375635. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136507A22375635.en .
83. Johnston, C.; Smith, A. T. (2016). "Eothenomys chinensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T7797A22375546. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T7797A22375546.en .
84. Lunde, D.; Musser, G.; Molur, S. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Eothenomys melanogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T7801A115086611. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T7801A22375921.en .
85. Smith, A. T. (2016). "Eothenomys custos". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T7798A22375447. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T7798A22375447.en .
86. Johnston, C.; Smith, A. T. (2016). "Eothenomys wardi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136196A22375716. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136196A22375716.en .
87. Johnston, C.; Smith, A. T. (2019). "Eothenomys proditor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019 e.T7803A22376123. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T7803A22376123.en .
88. Smith, A. T.; Johnston, C. H. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Eothenomys miletus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136275A115205387. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T136275A22376031.en .
89. Cassola, F. (2019). "Hyperacrius wynnei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019 e.T10643A22353157. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T10643A22353157.en .
90. Molur, S. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Hyperacrius fertilis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T10642A115098670. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T10642A22353262.en .
91. Tsytsulina, K.; Formozov, N.; Zagorodnyuk, I.; Batsaikhan, N.; Sheftel, B. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Lagurus lagurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T11179A115100995. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T11179A22335535.en .
92. Avirmed, D.; Batsaikhan, N.; Tinnin, D. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Lasiopodomys brandtii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T11340A115101423. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T11340A22351917.en .
93. Batsaikhan, N.; Tsytsulina, K. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Lasiopodomys mandarinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T11342A115101561. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T11342A22351819.en .
94. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Lemmiscus curtatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42624A115196202. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42624A22387210.en .
95. Nowak, p. 1475
96. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Lemmus amurensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T11480A115102341. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T11480A22335890.en .
97. Nowak, p. 1481
98. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Lemmus trimucronatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136712A115211700. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T136712A22335983.en .
99. Amori, G. (2024). "Lemmus lemmus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T11481A221786418. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T11481A221786418.en .
100. Tsytsulina, K.; Formozov, N.; Sheftel, B. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Lemmus sibiricus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T11482A115102530. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T11482A22336110.en .
101. Kennerley, R. (2019). "Lemmus portenkoi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019 e.T136303A22336051. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T136303A22336051.en .
102. Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 230–231
103. Molur, S. (2016). "Blanfordimys afghanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T2823A22383332. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T2823A22383332.en .
104. Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, pp. 232–233
105. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus multiplex". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T13490A221785322. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T13490A221785322.en .
106. Kryštufek, B.; Amori, G. (2025). "Microtus obscurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2025 e.T13450A22347022.
107. Dando, T.; Kennerley, R. (2021). "Microtus anatolicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021 e.T136237A137237409. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T136237A137237409.en .
108. Roach, N. (2020). "Microtus breweri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020 e.T13417A22349291. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13417A22349291.en .
109. Cassola, F. (2016). "Blanfordimys bucharensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T2824A22383414. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T2824A22383414.en .
110. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus cabrerae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T13418A221784576. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T13418A221784576.en .
111. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus brachycercus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T136536A221785859. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T136536A221785859.en .
112. Álvarez-Castañeda, S. T.; Castro-Arellano, I.; Lacher, T.; Vázquez, E. (2016). "Microtus californicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13427A22349460. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13427A22349460.en .
113. Mahmoudi, A.; Kryštufek, B.; Gazzard, A. (2025). "Microtus mystacinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2025 e.T268982813A268982860. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS.T268982813A268982860.en .
114. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus arvalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221687974A221337633. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221687974A221337633.en .
115. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus oregoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42632A115197199. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42632A22347079.en .
116. Kryštufek, B.; Bukhnikashvili, A.; Shenbrot, G. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus daghestanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13428A115112364. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T13428A22349378.en .
117. Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Kefelioğlu, H.; Sozen, M. (2017). "Microtus dogramacii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017 e.T136535A22349286. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T136535A22349286.en .
118. Kryštufek, B.; Mahmoundi, A. (2025). "Microtus rossiaemeridionalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2025 e.T222269539A222269688. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2025-1.RLTS.T222269539A222269688.en .
119. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus pennsylvanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13452A115114123. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T13452A22347596.en .
120. Hutterer, R.; Yigit, N.; Mitsainas, G.; Kryštufek, B.; Vohralík, V.; Zima, J.; Zagorodnyuk, I. (2021) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus subterraneus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2021 e.T13489A197518317. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T13489A197518317.en .
121. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus felteni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T13462A221785743. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T13462A221785743.en .
122. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus gerbii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T39315A221785419. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T39315A221785419.en .
123. Cassola, F. (2016). "Microtus canicaudus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42625A22348218. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42625A22348218.en .
124. Matson, J. (2020). "Microtus guatemalensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2020 e.T13432A22350117. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T13432A22350117.en .
125. Gazzard, A. (2023). "Microtus guentheri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2023 e.T221695743A221695823. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T221695743A221695823.en .
126. Cassola, F. (2016). "Microtus abbreviatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13425A22350031. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13425A22350031.en .
127. Álvarez-Castañeda, S. T.; Lacher, T.; Vázquez, E. (2019). "Microtus quasiater". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019 e.T13453A22348115. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T13453A22348115.en .
128. Molur, S. (2023) [amended version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus juldaschi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2023 e.T13436A239468807. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2023-1.RLTS.T13436A239468807.en .
129. Kennerley, R.; Shenbrot, G. (2016). "Microtus kermanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13437A91356777. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T13437A91356777.en .
130. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus liechtensteini". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221693652A221693787. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221693652A221693787.en .
131. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus longicaudus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42627A115196586. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42627A22348744.en .
132. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus lusitanicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T13494A221785647. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T13494A221785647.en .
133. Kryštufek, B.; Shenbrot, G.; Sozen, M. (2016). "Microtus majori". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136354A22346545. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136354A22346545.en .
134. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus lavernedii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221686398A221686480. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221686398A221686480.en .
135. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus duodecimcostatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T13493A221785542. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T13493A221785542.en .
136. Álvarez-Castañeda, S. T.; Reid, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus mexicanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13443A115113184. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T13443A22345679.en .
137. Cassola, F. (2016). "Microtus montanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42630A22346732. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42630A22346732.en .
138. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus richardsoni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42634A115197660. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42634A22345832.en .
139. Shenbrot, G.; Kryštufek, B. (2016). "Microtus paradoxus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136216A22351652. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136216A22351652.en .
140. Mahmoudi, A.; Kennerley, R. (2019). "Microtus irani". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019 e.T112465090A115589476. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T112465090A115589476.en .
141. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus rozianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221686277A221686349. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221686277A221686349.en .
142. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus ochrogaster". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42631A115196932. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42631A22347375.en .
143. Kennerley, R. (2016). "Microtus qazvinensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136565A22350870. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T136565A22350870.en .
144. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus chrotorrhinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42626A115196387. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42626A22347958.en .
145. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus savii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221713993A221715122. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221713993A221715122.en .
146. Kennerley, R. (2016). "Microtus schelkovnikovi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13456A22348673. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T13456A22348673.en .
147. Shenbrot, G. (2016). "Microtus schidlovskii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136391A22349217. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136391A22349217.en .
148. Amori, G.; Gazzard, A. (2024). "Microtus agrestis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221684458A221685446. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221684458A221685446.en .
149. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus nebrodensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221713749A221713914. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221713749A221713914.en .
150. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus miurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42629A115196813. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42629A22346952.en .
151. Tsytsulina, K.; Kryštufek, B.; Yigit, N.; Bukhnikashvili, A.; Shenbrot, G. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus socialis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13458A115114745. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T13458A22348936.en .
152. Cassola, F. (2016). "Microtus xanthognathus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42628A22348489. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42628A22348489.en .
153. de Grammont, P. C.; Cuarón, A. D. (2018). "Microtus oaxacensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018 e.T13449A22346873. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T13449A22346873.en .
154. Amori, G.; Shenbrot, G.; Kryštufek, B. (2024). "Microtus tatricus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T13464A91985125. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T13464A91985125.en .
155. Amori, G. (2024). "Microtus thomasi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T13486A221784817. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T13486A221784817.en .
156. Chernasky; Motis; Burgin, p. 234
157. Smith, A. T.; Johnston, C. H. (2016). "Microtus ilaeus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13438A22350742. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13438A22350742.en .
158. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus townsendii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13487A115114983. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T13487A22351048.en .
159. Shenbrot, G. (2016). "Microtus transcaspicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13459A22349076. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13459A22349076.en .
160. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus pinetorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42633A115197344. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42633A22346051.en .
161. de Grammont, P. C.; Cuarón, A. D. (2018). "Microtus umbrosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2018 e.T42635A22346455. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T42635A22346455.en .
162. Henttonen, H. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Myopus schisticolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T14104A115119850. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T14104A22342119.en .
163. Nowak, p. 1482
164. Smith, A. T. (2016). "Neodon irene". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13435A22330986. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13435A22330986.en .
165. Lunde, D.; Aplin, K. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Microtus clarkei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T23041A115166908. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T23041A22349944.en .
166. Johnston, C.; Smith, A. T. (2016). "Neodon forresti". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136554A22331098. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136554A22331098.en .
167. Gazzard, A. (2024). "Neodon linzhiensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T45959213A258447905. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T45959213A258447905.en .
168. Johnston, C.; Smith, A. T. (2019). "Lasiopodomys fuscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2019 e.T11341A22351731. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T11341A22351731.en .
169. Molur, S. (2016). "Neodon sikimensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13457A22330767. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13457A22330767.en .
170. Cassola, F. (2016). "Neofiber alleni". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T14520A22356567. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T14520A22356567.en .
171. Nowak, p. 1477
172. Cassola, F. (2016). "Ondatra zibethicus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T15324A22344525. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T15324A22344525.en .
173. Nowak, p. 1479
174. Molur, S. (2016). "Phaiomys leucurus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T13439A22333524. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T13439A22333524.en .
175. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Phenacomys ungava". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42637A115198018. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42637A22389703.en .
176. Nowak, p. 1466
177. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Phenacomys intermedius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42636A115197827. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42636A22389824.en .
178. Johnston, C.; Smith, A. T. (2016). "Proedromys bedfordi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T18305A22379426. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T18305A22379426.en .
179. Johnston, C.; Smith, A. T. (2016). "Proedromys liangshanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T136459A22379536. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136459A22379536.en .
180. Kennerley, R. (2017). "Prometheomys schaposchnikowi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017 e.T18339A22389618. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T18339A22389618.en .
181. Amori, G.; Kennerley, R. (2024). "Stenocranius gregalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221679815A221679871. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221679815A221679871.en .
182. Kennerley, R. (2024). "Stenocranius raddei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2024 e.T221679655A221679675. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T221679655A221679675.en .
183. Cassola, F. (2017). "Synaptomys borealis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2017 e.T42638A22377185. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T42638A22377185.en .
184. Nowak, p. 1483
185. Cassola, F. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Synaptomys cooperi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T42639A115198182. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T42639A22377358.en .
186. Johnston, C.; Smith, A. T. (2016). "Volemys musseri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T23044A22387599. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T23044A22387599.en .
187. Clayton, E. (2016). "Volemys millicens". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016 e.T23043A22387707. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T23043A22387707.en .

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