Qaumi Taranah

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Pākistān Kā Qaumī Tarānah
English: National Anthem of Pakistan
قومی ترانہ
Pakistani national anthem sheet music.gif
Score of the anthem

National anthem of Pakistan
Also known asپاک سرزمین شاد باد
Pāk Sarzamīn Shād Bād (English: "Blessed Be the Sacred Land")
Lyrics Abu Al-Asar Hafeez Jalandhari, June 1952
Music Ahmed Ghulam Ali Chagla, 21 August 1949
Adopted16 August 1954
Succeeded by Amar Sonar Bangla (1971, in Bangladesh)
Audio sample
Government of Pakistan instrumental version

History

Ahmed Rushdi recorded the National Anthem of Pakistan in 1954. Ahmed Rushdi 1958.jpg
Ahmed Rushdi recorded the National Anthem of Pakistan in 1954.

In early 1948, A. R. Ghani, a Muslim from South Africa's Transvaal, offered two prizes of five thousand rupees each for the poet and composer of a new national anthem for the newly independent state of Pakistan. The prizes were announced through a government press advertisement published in June 1948. In December 1948, the Government of Pakistan established the National Anthem Committee (NAC) with the task of coming up with the composition and lyrics for the official national anthem of Pakistan. The NAC was initially chaired by the Information Secretary, Sheikh Muhammad Ikram, and its members included several politicians, poets and musicians, including Abdur Rab Nishtar, Ahmad G. Chagla and Hafeez Jalandhari.[ citation needed ] The NAC encountered early difficulties in finding suitable music and lyrics.

When President Sukarno of Indonesia became the first foreign head of state to visit Pakistan on 30 January 1950, there was no Pakistani national anthem to be played. In 1950, the impending state visit of the Shah of Iran added urgency to the matter and resulted in the government of Pakistan asking the NAC to submit a state anthem without further delay. The NAC chairman, then Federal Minister for Education, Fazlur Rahman, asked several poets and composers to write lyrics but none of the submitted works were deemed suitable. The NAC also examined several different tunes and eventually selected the one presented by Ahmed G. Chagla and submitted it for formal approval. [4] On 21 August 1950, the Government of Pakistan adopted Chagla's tune for the national anthem. [5]

The national anthem, without lyrics, was performed for the first time for a foreign head of state on the state visit of the Shah of Iran to Pakistan in Karachi on 1 March 1950 by a Pakistan Navy band.[ citation needed ]

It was later played for Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan during his official visit to the United States on 3 May 1950. It was played before the NAC on 10 August 1950. [6] Official recognition to the national anthem, however, was not given until August 1954. [6] The NAC distributed records of the composed tune amongst prominent poets, who responded by writing and submitting several hundred songs for evaluation by the NAC. Eventually, the lyrics written by Hafeez Jalandhari were approved and the new national anthem was broadcast publicly for the first time on Radio Pakistan on 13 August 1954, sung by Hafeez Jalandhari himself. [7] Official approval was announced by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting on 16 August 1954. The composer, Ahmed G. Chagla, died in 1953, before the new national anthem was officially adopted. In 1955, there was a performance of the national anthem involving 11 major singers of Pakistan, including Ahmad Rushdi, Kaukab Jahan, Rasheeda Begum, Najam Ara, Naseema Shaheen, Zawar Hussain, Akhtar Abbas, Ghulam Dastagir, Anwar Zaheer and Akhtar Wasi Ali. [8] [9] [10]

In 2021, then Interior Minister Fawad Chaudhry announced that the national anthem will be re-recorded with better quality. [11] The project was completed in 2022 during Shehbaz Sharif’s tenure. [12] 155 singers, 48 musicians and 6 bandmasters participated in the re-recording, it was released on 14 August, 2022. [13] [14]

Music

The national anthem is a rendering of a three-stanza composition with a tune based on eastern music but arranged in such a manner that it can be easily played by foreign bands.[ citation needed ]

The music, composed by the Pakistani musician and composer Ahmad G. Chagla in 1949, reflects his background in both eastern and western music. Typically twenty-one musical instruments [5] and thirty-eight different tones [5] are used to play the national anthem, [15] the duration of which is usually around 80 seconds. [2] [5] [16]

Lyrics

The lyrics are in classical High-Urdu, written by the Pakistani Urdu-language poet Hafeez Jalandhari in 1952. No verse in the three stanzas is repeated. [2] The lyrics have heavy Persian poetic vocabulary, [17] and the only word derived from Sanskrit is "ka" (کا [kaˑ] 'of'). [18]

Urdu official

Original text in Nastaliq script [10] [19] Roman Urdu IPA transcription [lower-alpha 3]

پاک سرزمین شاد باد
کشورِ حسین شاد باد
تُو نشانِ عزمِ عالی شان
ارضِ پاکستان!
مرکزِ یقین شاد باد

پاک سرزمین کا نظام
قُوَّتِ اُخوَّتِ عوام
قوم، ملک، سلطنت
پائندہ تابندہ باد!
شاد باد منزلِ مراد

پرچمِ ستارہ و ہِلال
رہبرِ ترقِّی و کمال
ترجمانِ ماضی، شانِ حال
جانِ استقبال!
سایۂ خدائے ذوالجلال

Pāk sarzamīn shād bād
Kishwar-e-hasīn shād bād
Tu nishān-e-azm-e-āli shān
Arz-e-Pākistān!
Markaz-e-yaqīn shād bād

Pāk sarzamīn ka nizām
Quwwat-e-ukhuwwat-e-awām
Qaum, mulk, saltanat
Pāyindah tābindah bād!
Shād bād manzil-e-murād

Parcam-e-sitārah-o-hilāl
Rahbar-e-taraqqi-o-kamāl
Tarjumān-e-māzi, shān-e-hāl
Jān-e-istiqbāl!
Sāyah-ye-khudā-ye-zūl-jalāl

[paːk səɾ.zə.miːn ʃaːd baːd ǀ]
[kɪʃ.ʋə.ɾ‿e‿hə.siːn ʃaːd baːd ǀ]
[tuː nɪ.ʃaː.n‿e‿əz.m‿e‿aː.liː‿ʃaːn]
[əɾ.z‿e‿paː.kɪs.taːn ǀ]
[məɾ.kə.z‿e‿jə.qiːn ʃaːd baːd ǁ]

[paːk səɾ.zə.miːn kaː nɪ.zaːm ǀ]
[qʊʋ.ʋə.t‿e‿ʊ.xʊʋ.ʋə.t‿e‿ə.ʋaːm ǀ]
[qɔːm ǀ mʊlk ǀ səl.tə.nət]
[paː.(j)ɪn.daː taː.bɪn.daː baːd ǀ]
[ʃaːd baːd mən.zɪ.l‿e‿mʊ.ɾaːd ǁ]

[pəɾ.t͡ʃə.m‿e‿sɪ.taː.ɾaː‿oː‿hɪ.laːl ǀ]
[rɛɦ.bə.ɾ‿e‿tə.ɾəq.qiː‿oː‿kə.maːl ǀ]
[təɾ.d͡ʒʊ.maː.n‿e‿maː.ziː ʃaː.n‿e‿haːl]
[d͡ʒaː.n‿e‿ɪs.təq.baːl ǀ]
[saː.jaː.(j)e‿xʊ.daː.(j)e‿zʊː‿l.d͡ʒə.laːl ǁ]

English translation

Poetic [20] Literal [21]

Blessed be the sacred land,
Happy be the bounteous realm.
Thou symbol of high resolve,
O Land of Pakistan!
Blessed be the citadel of faith.

The order of this sacred land,
The might of the brotherhood of the people,
May the nation, the country, and the state,
Shine in glory everlasting!
Blessed be the goal of our ambition.

The flag of the crescent and star,
Leads the way to progress and perfection,
Interpreter of our past, glory of our present,
inspiration for our future!
Shade of God, the Glorious and Mighty.

May the holy land, stay glad;
Beauteous realm, stay glad.
Thou, the sign of high resolve—
O Land of Pakistan!
Citadel of faith, stay glad.

Order of the holy land,
Power of fraternity of the populace;
The nation, country, and domain;
Ever luminous remain!
The cherished goal, stay glad.

Flag with the star and crescent,
The leader of progress and ascent,
Dragoman of past, the pride of present;
Soul of the future!
Shadow of the God of grandeur

Timeline

See also

Notes

  1. Urdu: پاکستان کا قومی ترانہ, romanized: Pākistān ka Qaumī Tarānah, pronounced [ˈpaːkɪstaːnkaˑˈqɔːmiːtəˈɾaːnaˑ]
  2. Urdu: پاک سرزمین, romanized: Pāk Sarzamīn, pronounced [ˈpaːkˈsəɾzəmiːn]
  3. See Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu and Hindustani phonology.

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References

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