English: State Anthem of the Sakha Republic | |
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Regional anthem of Sakha Republic | |
Lyrics | Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Timofeyev (Yakut version) [1] Vladimir Fedorov (Russian version) [2] |
Music | Kirill Gerasimov |
Adopted | 15 July 2004 |
Audio sample | |
"State Anthem of the Sakha Republic" |
The state anthem of the Sakha Republic [lower-alpha 1] is the regional anthem of the Sakha Republic, a federal subject of Russia. It is one of the official symbols of the Sakha Republic, along with the flag and the coat of arms of the Sakha Republic. It was originally written in the Yakut language by Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Timofeyev. The anthem was translated into Russian by Vladimir Fedorov. The music was composed by Kirill Gerasimov. It was officially adopted on 15 July 2004. The anthem's music is played in F major. [3]
After the Sakha Republic became a separate constituent state of Russia, its constitution was adopted. At that time, no regional anthem of the Sakha Republic existed. The constitution only stipulates that:
The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has the State Emblem, the National Flag and the National Anthem.
— Constitution of the Sakha Republic (1992), Article 140 [4]
After the approval of the new constitution, a commission for the creation of the national anthem was formed, with the poet Savva Tarasov as the chairman. A competition for the national anthem was announced. Hundreds of submission for the national anthem was received from throughout the country, but the commission did not approved any of the submission. This caused Savva Tarasov to be replaced from her position in September 1992 by the Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Sakha, K. Koryakin. [5]
After this failure, the president of the Sakha Republic, Mikhail Nikolayev, entrusted the Ministry of Culture of the Sakha Republic, to continue the search for the anthem. In September 1995, at a meeting of the State Assembly of the Sakha Republic, a proposed anthem was presented. The lyrics of the proposed anthem was written by Dmitry Sivtsev. The music of the anthem was based on the final chorus from the opera Nyurgun Bootur, which was composed by Mark Zhirkov and Heinrich Litinsky, and was re-arranged by Y. Sheykina. [6]
In 2000, a new commission was formed under the leadership of the People's Deputy G. G. Mestnikov. The commission presented a new version of the anthem, titled "Sargı ırıata" (Саргы ырыата; "Song of the Footman"). The lyrics was written by Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Tarasov, and the music was composed by Kirill Gerasimov. [6]
On 26 March 2003, the President of the Sakha Republic, Vyacheslav Shtyrov, issued a decree to form a new commission to prepare the issue of the anthem, under the leadership of E.S. Nikitina. The commission chooses the work "Sargı ırıata" and recommended the work to be submitted to the State Assembly of the Sakha Republic. On 15 July 2004, the national anthem was approved by the State Assembly. [6]
On 27 April 2004 the first official performance of the anthem took place on the Day of the Republic. [6]
The song "Sargılardaaq saqalarbıt" (Саргылардаах сахаларбыт; Russian:Овеянный счастьем якут; "Sakha, Covered in Happiness") was adopted as the anthem of the Tungus Republic. [7] [8] The anthem itself was composed by Adam Skryabin, and the lyrics of the song was based on the poem "Iççat saqalarga" (Ыччат сахаларга) by Alampa. [9] The poem itself was written in 1917. [10]
The "Internationale" (Yakut: Интернационал, romanized: Internatsional, Novgorodov alphabet: Internessijene:l), was the national anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the state anthem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1922 to 1944.
The Yakut translation of the anthem was planned to be written by Semyon Novgorodov. Unfortunately, due to his nescience of the lyrics of the anthem, he handed over the task to Platon Oyunsky. It was finished on 7 December 1921. The translation was first published in the "Lena Commune" newspaper on 15 December 1921.
The "State Anthem of the Soviet Union" (Yakut: Сэбиэскэй Сойуус өрөгөйүн ырыата, romanized: Sebieskey Soyuus örögöyün ırıata; Russian:Государственный гимн Советского Союза), was the official national anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the state anthem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1944 to 1991, replacing "The Internationale".
After the creation of this anthem, the anthem itself was popularized all over the Soviet Union. In the Yakut ASSR, the Yakut Regional Committee of the CPSU ordered all district and city committees to organize the popularization of the anthem with the help of newspapers, radio, and the creation of study groups for the lyrics of the song, including in the Yakut language. [11]
The Council of People's Commissars of the Yakut ASSR also ordered the Radio Committee to record the Yakut version of the anthem and systematically broadcast it. A total of 15,000 copies of the lyrics were published and sent out on colorful flyers. [11]
The official translation of the anthem in Yakut was approved through a special commission. The commission consisted of the head of the APO of the Yakut regional committee Zakharov, People's Commissar of Education Chemezov, historian G.P. Basharin and composer Mark Zhirkov. [11]
The commission received nine submission of translations from all over the Yakut ASSR. Of all the lyrics submitted, only the lyrics by Nikolai Egorovich Mordinov and poet Sergey Stepanovich Vasilyev was selected. Both were instructed to combine both translation and polish them on January 12, 1944. The final translation was approved by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on 26 June 1944. [11]
The song "Saqa ırıata" (Саха ырыата; "Sakha Song") was originally a poem written by Alampa in 1919. The poem was musicalized by Adam Skryabin. [12]
The song became a symbol of resistance against Soviet rule in the Yakut region from 1921 until 1923, so much that the writer of the poem, Alampa, was labelled as a "nationalist-bourgeoisie". Alampa was sent to the Solovki prison camp after his arrest. The composer of the song, Adam Skryabin, went abroad to evade the persecution and was given trial in absentia. [12]
After a long time, the song was allowed by the Soviet government to be performed publicly. The first public performance of this song was in the Victory Day celebration in the Yakut ASSR in 1945, from a gramophone record. The song was proposed to become the anthem of the Sakha Republic in 1990. [12]
Lyrics are official in both Yakut and Russian languages, [13] along with a singable English translation. [14]
Cyrillic script | Latin script | IPA transcription [lower-alpha 2] |
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I | I | 1 |
Cyrillic script | Latin script |
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I | I |
I
O Sakha land, thou dawn's shining light,
Thou bring'st us to good will and delight.
Like a fine rainbow thou shinest bright,
May thy destined victory be in sight.
Chorus:
Shine and enriched be, o native land!
Blossom and rejoice, o Sakha land!
Thy beauty and honour of Russia stand,
Blessed be thy land bountiful and grand!
II
Abundantly our Lena floweth,
Around thy wide borders with great strength.
She beareth harmony and good health,
Peace to our people she bestoweth.
Chorus
III
O Sakha land, thy sacred places
Guide and save us from peaks of aeons.
We shall uphold our forebears' path,
Their mandate we shall fulfill with faith.
Chorus
Yakutsk is the capital city of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located about 450 km (280 mi) south of the Arctic Circle.
Sakha, officially the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is a republic of Russia, in the Russian Far East, along the Arctic Ocean, with a population of roughly 1 million. Sakha comprises half of the area of its governing Far Eastern Federal District, and is the world's largest country subdivision, covering over 3,083,523 square kilometers. Yakutsk, which is the world's coldest major city, is its capital and largest city. The republic has a reputation for an extreme and severe climate, with the lowest temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere being recorded in Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon, and regular winter averages commonly dipping below −35 °C (−31 °F) in Yakutsk. The hypercontinental tendencies also result in warm summers for much of the republic.
The flag of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in the Russian Federation, is one of the official symbols of the Sakha Republic, alongside the coat of arms and the national anthem of the Sakha Republic. The flag has four horizontal stripes. From top to bottom, the stripes are light blue, white (1/16), red (1/16), and green (1/8). The flag has been used officially as the flag of the Sakha Republic since 14 October 1992. The light blue stripe is charged with a white disc in the center. The diameter of the disc is 2/5 of the flag's width.
Pokrovsk is a town and the administrative center of Khangalassky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the left bank of the Lena River, 78 kilometers (48 mi) southwest of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 9,495.
Chersky is an urban locality and the administrative center of Nizhnekolymsky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Kolyma River, 1,920 kilometers (1,190 mi) east from Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 2,857.
Mirninsky District is an administrative and municipal district, one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic and borders Olenyoksky District in the north and northeast, Nyurbinsky and Suntarsky Districts in the east, Lensky District in the south, and Irkutsk Oblast and Krasnoyarsk Krai in the west. The area of the district is 165,800 square kilometers (64,000 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Mirny. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 38,802.
Namsky District is an administrative and municipal district, one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. The district is located in the center of the republic and borders Ust-Aldansky District in the east, Megino-Kangalassky District in the southeast, the territory of the city of republic significance of Yakutsk in the south, Gorny District in the west, and Kobyaysky District in the north. The area of the district is 11,900 square kilometers (4,600 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality of Namtsy. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 23,198, with the population of Namtsy accounting for 38.3% of that number.
Nyurbinsky District is an administrative and municipal district, one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the central western part of the republic and borders with Olenyoksky District in the north, Verkhnevilyuysky District in the east, Suntarsky District in the south and southwest, and with Mirninsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 52,400 square kilometers (20,200 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Nyurba. Population : 15,101 (2010 Census); 15,549 ; 28,672 (1989 Census).
Oymyakonsky District is an administrative and municipal district, one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders with Ust-Maysky District in the southwest, Tomponsky District in the west, Momsky District in the north, Susumansky District of Magadan Oblast in the east, and with Okhotsky District of Khabarovsk Krai in the south. The area of the district is 92,300 square kilometers (35,600 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality of Ust-Nera. Population: 10,109 (2010 Census); 14,670 ; 31,078 (1989 Census). The population of Ust-Nera accounts for 63.9% of the district's total population.
Ust-Nera is an urban locality and the administrative center of Oymyakonsky District in Yakutia, Russia. Located in one of the coldest permanently inhabited regions on Earth, Ust-Nera is approximately 870 kilometers (540 mi) northeast of the republic's capital, Yakutsk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 6,463.
Zhatay is an urban locality under the administrative jurisdiction of the city of republic significance of Yakutsk in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the left bank of the Lena River, 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) downstream of Yakutsk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 9,504.
Khonuu is a rural locality and the administrative center of Momsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the right bank of the Indigirka River. Population: 2,476 (2010 Census); 2,494 (2002 Census); 3,057 (1989 Census).
Sangar is an urban locality and the administrative center of Kobyaysky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 4,377.
Ulu is a rural locality under the administrative jurisdiction of the Town of Tommot in Aldansky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the left bank of the Ulu River, a tributary of the Amga, and 151 kilometers (94 mi) from Tommot. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 139; down from 179 recorded in the 2002 Census.
Tabaga is a rural locality under the administrative jurisdiction of the city of republic significance of Yakutsk in the Sakha Republic, Russia. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 3360; down from 3746 recorded in the 2002 Census.
The flag the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was adopted in 1954 by the government of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The flag is identical to the flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
The coat of arms of the Sakha Republic, in the Russian Federation, is an official symbol of the Sakha Republic, alongside the flag and the national anthem of the Sakha Republic. The coat of arms consists of a circle, in the center of which is a red silhouette of a rider, holding a banner, mounted upon a six-legged horse, based on the prehistoric petroglyphs of the "Shishkin pisanitsa", against a white sun background. The central image is framed with a traditional Sakha ornament in the form of seven rhombic crystal-like figures and the inscriptions "Республика Саха (Якутия) • Саха Өрөспүүбүлүкэтэ". This coat of arms has been used officially since 26 December 1992.
The Aiyy Faith is a neo-Tengrist Yakut religious organization that has been registered since 2015 in Yakutsk, Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Russia. This organization, formerly known as Kut-Siur was founded in 1990 and established in 1993 in Yakutsk.
Tulagino is a rural locality under the administrative jurisdiction of the city of republic significance of Yakutsk in the Sakha Republic, Russia. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 1596; up from 1231 recorded in the 2002 Census.