An anthem is a musical composition of celebration, usually used as a symbol for a distinct group, particularly the national anthems of countries. Originally, and in music theory and religious contexts, it also refers more particularly to short sacred choral work and still more particularly to a specific form of liturgical music. In this sense, its use began c. 1550 in English-speaking churches; it uses English language words, in contrast to the originally Roman Catholic 'motet' which sets a Latin text.
The Soviet Union's various constituent republics each had their own anthem.
The "State Anthem of the Russian Federation" is the national anthem of Russia. It uses the same melody as the "State Anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", composed by Alexander Alexandrov, and new lyrics by Sergey Mikhalkov, who had collaborated with Gabriel El-Registan on the original anthem. From 1944, that earliest version replaced "The Internationale" as a new, more Soviet-centric and Russia-centric Soviet anthem. The same melody, but without any lyrics, was used after 1956. A second version of the lyrics was written by Mikhalkov in 1970 and adopted in 1977, placing less emphasis on World War II and more on the victory of communism, and without mentioning Joseph Stalin by name.
The State Anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was the national anthem of the Soviet Union and the regional anthem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1944 to 1991, replacing "The Internationale". Its original lyrics were written by Sergey Mikhalkov (1913–2009) in collaboration with El-Registan (1899–1945), and its music was composed by Alexander Alexandrov (1883–1946). For a two-decade interval following de-Stalinization, the anthem was performed without lyrics. The second set of lyrics, also written by Mikhalkov and in which Stalin's name was omitted, was adopted in 1977.
The national flag of Uzbekistan, officially the State Flag of the Republic of Uzbekistan, consists of a horizontal triband of azure, white and green, separated by two thin red fimbriations, with a white crescent moon and twelve white stars at the canton. Adopted in 1991 to replace the flag of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic, it has been the flag of the Republic of Uzbekistan since the country gained independence in that same year. The design of the present flag was partly inspired by the former one.
The State Anthem of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was the national anthem of Uzbekistan when it was a republic of the former Soviet Union.
Sherali Joʻrayev was an Uzbek singer, songwriter, poet, author, and actor. He was an influential figure in Uzbek cultural life for nearly five decades. Much of his most celebrated work dates from the 1980s and 1990s.
Mutavakkil (Mutal) Burhonov ; Bukhara, 5 May [O.S. 22 April] 1916 – June 15, 2002) was a Soviet Uzbek composer. He is recognized as People's Artist of Uzbekistan.
The national symbols of Tajikistan are defined in Article 3 of the Constitution of Tajikistan. They consist of the flag, the coat of arms, and the national anthem.
The Ecological Party of Uzbekistan is a political party and environmental movement in Uzbekistan. It was founded on 2 August 2008 as the Ecological Movement of Uzbekistan, and re-inaugurated as a formal political party in January 2019 in advance of expected electoral reforms.
Abdulla Qahhor was a Soviet and Uzbek novelist, short story writer, poet, playwright, and literary translator. He is best remembered as the author of the 1951 novel Qoʻshchinor chiroqlari and the 1958 novella Sinchalak.
Abdulla Oripov was an Uzbek poet, literary translator, and a politician. He is best known as the author of the lyrics to the State Anthem of Uzbekistan. In addition to writing his own poetry, Oripov translated the works of many famous foreign poets, such as Alexander Pushkin, Dante Alighieri, Nizami Ganjavi, and Taras Shevchenko, into the Uzbek language.
The Museum of Arts of Uzbekistan is the largest national art museum in Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan. Its permanent collection contains more than several thousands works, divided among four curatorial departments. The museum was established in 1918 as a "Museum of People University" and renamed as the "Central Arts Museum" later. It was named as the "Tashkent Art Museum" in 1924 and finally the "Museum of Arts of Uzbekistan" in 1935.
Tohir Malik was an Uzbek novelist and story writer. He was awarded Uzbek National Writer in 2000. Multiple films were made based on his novels and fictions, such as Last bullet in 1994.
The State Anthem of the Republic of Karakalpakstan was composed by Najimaddin Muxammeddinov, with lyrics written by Karakalpak poet and playwright Ibroyim Yusupov. It was officially adopted on 24 December 1993.
The Order of Outstanding Merit is an order that is currently awarded by the Republic of Uzbekistan.
The state flag of Karakalpakstan is one of the official symbols of Karakalpakstan, an autonomous republic within Uzbekistan. It was designed from a sketch by Karakalpak artist Zhollybai Izentaev. The flag is based on the flag of Uzbekistan.
Honored Artist of the Republic of Uzbekistan is an honorary title given to those who contributed to the development of art in the republic. It is mainly presented to the artists of theatre, film, pop music, circus, TV and radio broadcast, film directors, musicians, singers, ballet masters, the conductors of orchestra and choir, the representatives of music or other artistic teams.
The State Hamza Prize or simply the Hamza Prize, officially the State Prize of the Uzbek SSR Named After Hamza was a state prize established in the Uzbek SSR in 1964 to recognize outstanding achievement in literature, arts, and architecture. The prize was named in honor of Hamza Hakimzade Niyazi, an early pioneer of literature in the Uzbek SSR.
Abdulla Avloniy was one of the representatives of Uzbek national culture at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. He was poet, playwright, journalist, scholar, and public and community leader.
