CRuMs

CRuMs
Collodictyon pseudopodoa
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Clade:	CRuMs Brown et al. 2018 [1]
Orders
Diphylleida Rigifilida Mantamonadida Glissandrida
Synonyms
Crumalia Zmitrovich, Perelygin & Zharikov 2022 [2] Varisulca Cavalier-Smith 2013 emend. 2021 [3]

CRuMs is a clade of microbial eukaryotes, whose name is an acronym of the following constituent groups: Collodictyonids, rigifilids, and mantamonads as sister of the Amorphea. ^{[4] [1]} A new CRuMs order Glissandrida was proposed in 2025 to place the yet unclassified genus Glissandra . ^[5] It more or less supersedes Varisulca, as Ancyromonadida are inferred not to be specifically related to the orders Diphylleida / Collodictyonida, Rigifilida and Mantamonadida.

Phylogeny

Opimoda

Ancyromonadida Cavalier-Smith 1998 emend. Atkins 2000 Malawimonadea Cavalier-Smith 2003 Podiata Amorphea Amoebozoa Lühe 1913 emend. Cavalier-Smith 1998 Obazoa Breviatea Cavalier-Smith 2004 Apusomonadida Karpov & Mylnikov 1989 Opisthokonta (inc. fungi and animals) CRuMs Mantamonadida Cavalier-Smith 2004 Glissandrida Yazaki et al. 2025 [5] Rigifilida Karpov & Mylnikov 1989 Diphylleida Cavalier-Smith 1993

References

1. Brown, Matthew W.; Heiss, Aaron A.; Kamikawa, Ryoma; Inagaki, Yuji; Yabuki, Akinori; Tice, Alexander K; Shiratori, Takashi; Ishida, Ken-Ichiro; Hashimoto, Tetsuo; Simpson, Alastair; Roger, Andrew (2018-01-19). "Phylogenomics Places Orphan Protistan Lineages in a Novel Eukaryotic Super-Group". Genome Biology and Evolution. 10 (2): 427–433. doi:10.1093/gbe/evy014. PMC   5793813 . PMID   29360967.
2. Cavalier-Smith T (December 2021). "Ciliary transition zone evolution and the root of the eukaryote tree: implications for opisthokont origin and classification of kingdoms Protozoa, Plantae, and Fungi". Protoplasma. 259 (3): 487–593. doi:10.1007/s00709-021-01665-7. PMC   9010356 . PMID   34940909.
3. Cavalier-Smith T (December 2021). "Ciliary transition zone evolution and the root of the eukaryote tree: implications for opisthokont origin and classification of kingdoms Protozoa, Plantae, and Fungi". Protoplasma. 259 (3): 487–593. doi:10.1007/s00709-021-01665-7. PMC   9010356 . PMID   34940909.
4. Lax, Gordon; Eglit, Yana; Eme, Laura; Bertrand, Erin M.; Roger, Andrew J.; Simpson, Alastair G. B. (2018-11-14). "Hemimastigophora is a novel supra-kingdom-level lineage of eukaryotes". Nature. 564 (7736): 410–414. Bibcode:2018Natur.564..410L. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0708-8. PMID   30429611. S2CID   205570993.
5. Yazaki, Euki; Harada, Ryo; Isogai, Ryu; Bamba, Kohei; Ishida, Ken-ichiro; Inagaki, Yuji; Shiratori, Takashi (2025-06-04). "Glissandra oviformis n. sp.: a novel predatory flagellate illuminates the character evolution within the eukaryotic clade CRuMs". Open Biology. 15 (6) 250057. doi:10.1098/rsob.250057. PMC   12133344 . PMID   40460873.