Greater Kuala Lumpur | |
---|---|
Country | Malaysia |
Region | Federal Territories Selangor Pahang Negeri Sembilan Perak |
Area | |
• Total | 13,565.61 km2 (5,237.71 sq mi) |
Population (2024 [1] ) | |
• Total | 8,800,000 |
• Density | 763/km2 (1,980/sq mi) |
GDP | |
• Total | US$ 142 billion |
• Per capita | US$ 17,086 |
Time zone | UTC+8 (MST) |
Area code(s) | 03 |
Greater Kuala Lumpur (Malay: Metropolitan Lembah Klang, or sometimes also known as Kuala Lumpur Raya) is the geographical term that determines the boundaries of metropolitan Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia. Though similar to the term "Klang Valley", there remains a variation between the two. Ranked as the 30th-largest in Asia, [3] it covers a total land size of 13,565.61 km2.
Kuala Lumpur has been declared the capital city of Federated Malay States in 1896, and when the group of states changes and expands to Federation of Malaya and later Malaysia, the town status has been kept as such. However, Kuala Lumpur itself is part of the larger Kuala Lumpur district of Selangor, which area also includes Ampang, Batu Caves, Gombak, Ulu Klang, Petaling Jaya, Puchong and Sungai Buloh. [4] [5] Until 1974, the city remains as part of Selangor.
Developments has been ongoing out of the city border long before it as Petaling Jaya was made a new township just beside Kuala Lumpur, converted from Effingham rubber estate on 1952 to accommodate the growing population of the capital and road infrastructures like newly opened Jalan Klang Lama spurs the growth of towns around the original Klang Valley corridor areas. Batu Caves and Kajang, both situated just north and south of the city border also already served as feeder towns of the capital.
Major development started to spur around Klang River corridor since the 60s as after Singapore exit from the federation, Port Swettenham in Klang now has been targeted as the nation's main port. Big infrastructure projects such as the new Federal Highway has been planned to ensure straightforward flow of products between the capital and the port. Subang Airport in Subang also serves as the main gateway to the capital.
Kuala Lumpur township has been declared a city in 1972 and due to political factors and its status as the federal capital, the city is carved out from Selangor to be made as Federal Territories, changing entirely the development scenarios of the areas.
Selangor decided to revise their district areas which not only affect the former Kuala Lumpur district but also neighbouring districts of Klang, Hulu Selangor and Hulu Langat where from parts of those districts, two new districts has been created namely Gombak and Petaling. Sepang, while not originally part of any of Kuala Lumpur areas, was also made a full district due to the revisions, carved out from Hulu Langat and Kuala Langat district. [6]
Klang was made a temporary state capital of Selangor from 1974 to 1977, where a new state capital is declared in Sungai Renggam, later renamed as Shah Alam. Sungai Renggam has been marked for development as the new state administration center back in 1963. The construction of the new main campus of Universiti Teknologi MARA also accompany the new capital development. In Hulu Langat, a new township of Bandar Baru Bangi was being built on the site of Westcountry Estate between Kajang and Bangi to accompany the development of the new main campus of National University of Malaysia (UKM) by Selangor State Development Corporation (PKNS). [7] Similar situation happened in Serdang where University of Putra Malaysia (formerly known as Universiti Pertanian Malaysia) build their main campus there, spurring new townships around Serdang and Seri Kembangan.
In Gombak, Kuala Lumpur–Karak Expressway are built to provide the East Coast states direct access to the capital city, where the expressway terminus starts from the town.
In the 1980s, new township development from the past decades started to take their shape. With the nation moves into large scale industrialization, more township around the capital starts to emerge, grow and expands.
The North–South Expressway, an interstate expressway project was kicked off by phases to connect Kuala Lumpur better to other states on the West Coast of the peninsular. While most of it runs parallel to the existing Federal Route 1, the first section in the area, Kuala Lumpur–Seremban Expressway section includes the new townships of Seri Kembangan and Bandar Baru Bangi instead as route to Seremban and provides more straightforward access between the federal capital and the Negeri Sembilan state capital, providing development potentials on involved areas. The section opens in 1982.
Other than the state administration centre, Shah Alam town area now hosts industrial areas as well, with sites includes Malaysia's first automotive company Proton headquarter and first main production plant which started operating in 1984.
Port Klang Authority started moving towards privatisation with divesting their current container terminal to a private entity, Klang Container Terminal Berhad. At the same time, a bypass road from Sungai Rasau was built to help diverting traffic to the main port area from Federal Highway named North Klang Straits Bypass, the first privately operated toll road in the Klang Valley area. [8]
The 1990s saw a major expansion of the metropolitan area of Kuala Lumpur with various megaproject taking shapes around the area. This is also the decade which shapes the current township areas of the metropolitan area.
A new airport for Kuala Lumpur and a new federal government administration centre has been planned to replace their current location in Kuala Lumpur and Subang. The airport was originally mooted to be somewhere around Hulu Selangor and the administrative center was mooted to be in Janda Baik, Bentong, Pahang, but ultimately the airport is chosen to be in Sepang and the new administrative center is in Prang Besar Estate, where later the location is named Putrajaya. Both started operational between 1998 and 1999.
Due to the approximate of these megaprojects between each other and the city center of Kuala Lumpur, a special economic corridor, Multimedia Super Corridor (MSC) is established. The corridor aims to be a high-technology economic development area in Klang Valley, and includes Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya, Puchong, Serdang and Nilai of Negeri Sembilan as well as the new township established next to Putrajaya, Cyberjaya which will be one of the main area of the corridor.
Port Klang expands their activity by establishing a new cargo terminal in Pulau Indah, which later called Westport. Another terminal, called Northport was opened in 2000 and situated in the northern area of the Klang District.
All other new residential and commercial areas also starts to grow such as Kota Kemuning in southern Shah Alam, UEP Subang Jaya (later abbreviated as USJ), Bandar Sultan Suleiman in north of Klang, Bandar Baru Selayang in Gombak, Bandar Utama in Petaling Jaya, Salak Tinggi in Sepang.
Greater Kuala Lumpur is conterminous with the National Growth Conurbation, which spans the Klang Valley, the Malaysia Vision Valley region in western Negeri Sembilan to the south, and the topographically mountainous western frontier of Pahang to the east. The conurbation also reaches its northern limit at the town of Tanjung Malim in southern Perak. It is defined as an area covered by 14 municipalities surrounding Kuala Lumpur as the central economic area. Each of the municipal areas are governed by separate local authorities. [9] [10] [11] [12]
The term "Greater Kuala Lumpur" is a relatively new term as compared to the more prevalent and established Klang Valley term, and is often mistaken for Klang Valley despite both having two different definitions.
The lack of introduction and promotion of the term in the national language (Malay) also made it fall out of favor from general public usage. Some equivalent translation has been proposed such as Kuala Lumpur Raya, but it was barely used by any official agencies. It is more colloquially known is Malay as Metropolitan Lembah Klang , rather than Kuala Lumpur Raya.
In 2010, the Greater KL population was estimated at close to seven million and it contributed about RM263 billion to the nation's Gross National Income (GNI). Kuala Lumpur ranks 79th out of 140 cities in the Economist Intelligence Unit's survey on liveability.
Rank | District | State | Population [13] |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Petaling | Selangor | 2,298,123 |
2 | Kuala Lumpur | Kuala Lumpur | 1,982,112 |
3 | Hulu Langat | Selangor | 1,400,461 |
4 | Klang | Selangor | 1,088,942 |
5 | Gombak | Selangor | 942,336 |
6 | Seremban | Negeri Sembilan | 692,407 |
7 | Sepang | Selangor | 324,935 |
8 | Kuala Langat | Selangor | 307,787 |
9 | Kuala Selangor | Selangor | 281,753 |
10 | Hulu Selangor | Selangor | 243,029 |
11 | Bentong | Pahang | 116,799 |
12 | Putrajaya | Putrajaya | 109,202 |
Metropolitan areas of Malaysia
Kajang is a city in Hulu Langat District, Selangor, Malaysia, located southeast of Kuala Lumpur. Kajang, along with much of Hulu Langat District, is governed by the Kajang Municipal Council. Kajang town is located on the eastern banks of the Langat River. It is surrounded by Cheras, Semenyih, Bangi, Putrajaya and Serdang.
Selangor, also known by the Arabic honorific Darul Ehsan, or "Abode of Sincerity", is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negeri Sembilan to the south, and the Strait of Malacca to the west. Selangor surrounds the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, both of which were previously part of it. Selangor has diverse tropical rainforests and an equatorial climate. The state's mountain ranges belong to the Titiwangsa Mountains, which is part of the Tenasserim Hills that covers southern Myanmar, southern Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia, with Mount Semangkok as the highest point in the state.
The Sepang District is a district located in the southern part of the state of Selangor in Malaysia. Sepang District covers an area of around 600 square kilometers, and had an estimated population of 338,600 in 2023.
Klang Valley is an urban agglomeration in Malaysia that is centered in the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya, and including their adjoining cities and towns in the state of Selangor. It is the urban area of the much larger Kuala Lumpur metropolitan area, known as Greater Kuala Lumpur.
Hulu Langat District is a district of Malaysia located in the southeastern corner of Selangor, between Kuala Lumpur and Negeri Sembilan. It is bordered by the state of Pahang to the east and north, Gombak district to the north-west, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Petaling district to the west, Sepang district to the south-west, and state of Negeri Sembilan to the south.
The Gombak District is an administrative district located in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The district was created on February 1, 1974, the same day when Kuala Lumpur was declared a Federal Territory. Until 1997, Rawang was the district capital; the capital has been moved to Bandar Baru Selayang. Gombak borders Kuala Lumpur to the southeast and the Genting Highlands to the east. Both Gombak and Kuala Lumpur, along with some other districts in Selangor, are situated within the Klang Valley. Other localities in Gombak district include Batu Arang, Kuang, Rawang, Kundang, Gombak Town, Selayang, Batu Caves and Hulu Kelang.
The Kuala Langat District is a district of Selangor, Malaysia. It is situated in the southwestern part of Selangor. It covers an area of 858 square kilometres, and had a population of 307,787 at the 2020 Census. It is bordered by the districts of Klang and Petaling to the north and Sepang to the east. The Strait of Malacca forms its western border.
Puchong is a major town and a parliamentary constituency in the Petaling District, in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Bordering Kuala Lumpur, it is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area. It is bordered by Petaling Jaya in the north, Subang Jaya in the west, Cyberjaya and Putrajaya in the south, and Seri Kembangan in the east.
Ampang Jaya, more commonly known as just Ampang, is a town, a mukim and a parliamentary constituency straddling parts of the Hulu Langat District and Gombak District, in eastern Selangor, Malaysia. It is located just outside the eastern border of Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory.
Rapid Bus Sdn Bhd is the largest bus operator in Malaysia operating mainly in urban areas of Klang Valley, Penang & Kuantan. As of February 2023, Rapid KL service brands unit of Rapid Bus, has operates 113 normal routes and also 69 MRT Feeder Bus routes, along with 8 Nadiputra routes in Putrajaya.
Transport in Greater Kuala Lumpur includes a road network, a railway network, airports, and other modes of public transport. Greater Kuala Lumpur is conterminous with the Klang Valley, an urban conglomeration consisting of the city of Kuala Lumpur, as well as surrounding towns and cities in the state of Selangor. The Klang Valley has Malaysia's largest airport, the Kuala Lumpur International Airport (KLIA), as well as the country's largest intermodal transport hub and railway station, Kuala Lumpur Sentral.
The University of Kuala Lumpur is a multi-campus technical university with its main campus based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Rated as a Tier-5 "Excellent University" by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia in 2009, 2011, 2013 and awarded Putra Brand Award in 2016. UniKL has 14 institutes spread across 12 campuses throughout Malaysia in Kuala Lumpur, Gombak, Cheras, Bangi, Kajang, Sepang, Taboh Naning, Pasir Gudang, Ipoh, Lumut and Kulim.
The Selangor water works provides water supply to the state of Selangor as well as the federal territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya in Malaysia. The raw water is sourced mostly from surface water collected by several dams, lakes and rivers, and treated at the nearby water treatment plants. The Selangor water works is run by Pengurusan Air Selangor Sdn Bhd, a Selangor State-owned company.
The East Klang Valley Expressway, EKVEEast Klang Valley Expressway, Kuala Lumpur North Dispersal Expressway or Kuala Lumpur Outer Ring Road(KLORR) is a new expressway under construction in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The 39.5-kilometre-long (24.5 mi) expressway will connect Ukay Perdana in Ampang, Selangor and Bandar Sungai Long in Kajang. This expressway is part of the Kuala Lumpur Outer Ring Road (KLORR). The construction of the expressway was started on 1 September 2015. Once completed, the expressway will benefit 140,000 motorists per day.
Taman Putra Perdana is a township in Dengkil sub-district, Sepang District, Selangor, Malaysia. Although the township's postcode is 47100 / 47120 / 47130, which gives it Puchong postal address, it is actually in the Sepang constituency of Selangor, administered by the Sepang Municipal Council (MPSepang).The township was developed by Kenshine Corporation in 1997.
The following is an alphabetical list of articles related to Selangor.