1920 United States presidential election in South Dakota

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1920 United States presidential election in South Dakota
Flag of South Dakota (1909-1963).svg
  1916 November 2, 1920 1924  
  Warren G Harding-Harris & Ewing crop.jpg James M. Cox 1920.jpg Parley Parker Christensen circa 1920 Crop Edit.jpg
Nominee Warren G. Harding James M. Cox Parley P. Christensen
Party Republican Democratic Nonpartisan League
Alliance Farmer–Labor
Home state Ohio Ohio Illinois
Running mate Calvin Coolidge Franklin D. Roosevelt Max S. Hayes
Electoral vote500
Popular vote110,69235,93834,707
Percentage60.74%19.72%19.04%

South Dakota Presidential Election Results 1920.svg
County Results
Harding
  40–50%
  50–60%
  60–70%
  70–80%

The 1920 United States presidential election in South Dakota took place on November 2, 1920, as part of the 1920 United States presidential election in which all contemporary forty-eight states participated. Voters chose five electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.

Contents

The 1918 mid-term elections had seen the Midwestern farming community largely desert the Democratic Party due to supposed preferential treatment of Southern farmers: [1] Democratic seats in the Midwest fell from thirty-four to seventeen, [2] whilst Scandinavian-Americans were also vigorously opposed to entering the war. [3] Moreover, Democratic fear of Communism seen in the Palmer Raids and "Red Scare" led to Cox, then Governor of Ohio, to ban German-language instruction in public schools in 1919. [2] Much more critical for German-Americans was the view that outgoing President Woodrow Wilson was deliberately trying to punish Germany and Austria for starting the war, especially via his disregard for the United Kingdom's continuing blockade of Germany. [4] Stressing Harding's German ancestry, the German press drummed up the view that "a vote for Harding is a vote against the persecutions suffered by German-Americans during the war." [5]

As the campaign began after the Republican Party had nominated U.S. Senator Warren G. Harding of Ohio and the Democratic Party former Ohio governor James M. Cox, a further blow to the Democrats occurred when the national economy suffered a major downturn following the wartime boom, resulting in plummeting agricultural prices that were especially problematic in the Midwest. [6] Whereas Cox travelled throughout the nation apart from the "Solid South" during September, [7] Harding, despite having four times the budget, campaigned from his home in Marion, Ohio. A poll by the giant Rexall drug store chain – which in 1916 had been accurate enough to predict Wilson's razor-thin wins in New Hampshire and California [8] – suggested Harding would win 382 electoral votes, [9] and at the end of October, although no more opinion polls had been published, most observers were even more convinced that the Republicans would take complete control of all branches of government. [10]

The late-October predictions of a complete takeover of the federal government by the Republican Party were entirely born out. So unpopular was Wilson that – although South Dakota was the only Plains state Wilson had lost in 1916 – Cox lost over half the Wilson vote from that election, and lost every county. In fact, Non Partisan League [a] candidate Parley Parker Christensen finished second ahead of Cox in twenty-nine counties and was only 1,231 votes behind the Democratic candidate in South Dakota as a whole. Aided by German Lutheran hostility towards Prohibition, Christensen gained over 41 percent in Hutchinson County, and over thirty percent in three other East River counties.

Results

Presidential Candidate Running Mate PartyElectoral Vote (EV)Popular Vote (PV)
Warren G. Harding Calvin Coolidge Republican 5 [11] 110,69260.74%
James M. Cox Franklin D. Roosevelt Democratic 035,93819.72%
Parley P. Christensen Max S. Hayes Non Partisan League 034,70719.04%
Aaron S. Watkins D. Leigh Colvin Independent 09000.49%

Results by county

County [12] Warren Gamaliel Harding
Republican
James Middleton Cox
Democratic
Parley Parker Christensen
Nonpartisan League
Aaron Sherman Watkins
Independent
MarginTotal votes cast
#%#%#%#%#%
Aurora 1,00449.19%44521.80%58928.86%30.15%415 [b] 20.33%2,041
Beadle 2,85256.54%92518.34%1,24024.58%270.54%1,612 [b] 31.96%5,044
Bennett 22048.67%19944.03%306.64%30.66%214.65%452
Bon Homme 1,87253.23%96027.30%67619.22%90.26%91225.93%3,517
Brookings 2,74368.64%56414.11%61315.34%761.90%2,130 [b] 53.30%3,996
Brown 5,58156.54%1,36413.82%2,89329.31%330.33%2,688 [b] 27.23%9,871
Brule 1,03651.03%67133.05%31015.27%130.64%36517.98%2,030
Buffalo 20059.70%10130.15%308.96%41.19%9929.55%335
Butte 1,72254.51%67221.27%74123.46%240.76%981 [b] 31.05%3,159
Campbell 1,12871.26%674.23%38324.19%50.32%745 [b] 47.06%1,583
Charles Mix 2,02150.17%1,30532.40%69617.28%60.15%71617.78%4,028
Clark 1,75360.24%43715.02%69223.78%280.96%1,061 [b] 36.46%2,910
Clay 1,88561.88%90729.78%2488.14%60.20%97832.11%3,046
Codington 2,70659.84%86719.17%92920.54%200.44%1,777 [b] 39.30%4,522
Corson 1,44860.89%48420.35%42417.83%220.93%96440.54%2,378
Custer 78460.82%38329.71%1169.00%60.47%40131.11%1,289
Davison 2,60554.16%1,10522.97%1,07322.31%270.56%1,50031.19%4,810
Day 2,73959.82%4369.52%1,37830.09%260.57%1,361 [b] 29.72%4,579
Deuel 1,56969.95%1597.09%49822.20%170.76%1,071 [b] 47.75%2,243
Dewey 88063.31%33524.10%17212.37%30.22%54539.21%1,390
Douglas 1,24763.49%38619.65%32516.55%60.31%86143.84%1,964
Edmunds 1,48660.36%28311.49%68127.66%120.49%805 [b] 32.70%2,462
Fall River 1,23661.01%68033.56%1065.23%40.20%55627.44%2,026
Faulk 1,34165.51%34616.90%35317.24%70.34%988 [b] 48.27%2,047
Grant 1,81359.99%35011.58%85628.33%30.10%957 [b] 31.67%3,022
Gregory 1,83357.61%74423.38%60118.89%40.13%1,08934.22%3,182
Haakon 71349.65%39327.37%32122.35%90.63%32022.28%1,436
Hamlin 1,32263.68%33716.23%39819.17%190.92%924 [b] 44.51%2,076
Hand 1,51161.08%65526.48%29111.76%170.69%85634.60%2,474
Hanson 1,00151.87%41821.66%50826.32%30.16%493 [b] 25.54%1,930
Harding 64858.43%21319.21%24121.73%70.63%407 [b] 36.70%1,109
Hughes 1,31368.31%43322.53%1728.95%40.21%88045.79%1,922
Hutchinson 1,87351.15%2436.64%1,52841.73%180.49%345 [b] 9.42%3,662
Hyde 71068.53%23322.49%928.88%10.10%47746.04%1,036
Jackson 59570.58%20624.44%424.98%00.00%38946.14%843
Jerauld 1,03857.03%35719.62%39721.81%281.54%641 [b] 35.22%1,820
Jones 60962.33%25526.10%11011.26%30.31%35436.23%977
Kingsbury 2,34471.66%48114.70%42913.12%170.52%1,86356.96%3,271
Lake 2,33369.98%39811.94%59017.70%130.39%1,743 [b] 52.28%3,334
Lawrence 2,98668.50%1,20127.55%1513.46%210.48%1,78540.95%4,359
Lincoln 2,79073.54%44111.62%55514.63%80.21%2,235 [b] 58.91%3,794
Lyman 1,05059.63%46326.29%24413.86%40.23%58733.33%1,761
Marshall 1,55755.97%2669.56%95434.29%50.18%603 [b] 21.68%2,782
McCook 1,86460.52%56518.34%62320.23%280.91%1,241 [b] 40.29%3,080
McPherson 1,47072.92%1125.56%41520.59%190.94%1,055 [b] 52.33%2,016
Meade 1,89458.37%89427.55%43613.44%210.65%1,00030.82%3,245
Mellette 53363.53%26131.11%445.24%10.12%27232.42%839
Miner 1,45056.73%65125.47%44817.53%70.27%79931.26%2,556
Minnehaha 8,29063.15%2,53419.30%2,22016.91%830.63%5,75643.85%13,127
Moody 1,66763.55%37114.14%57021.73%150.57%1,097 [b] 41.82%2,623
Pennington 2,56864.23%1,20530.14%2125.30%130.33%1,36334.09%3,998
Perkins 1,32660.41%41719.00%44120.09%110.50%885 [b] 40.32%2,195
Potter 1,07372.30%25517.18%1409.43%161.08%81855.12%1,484
Roberts 2,33549.73%4479.52%1,88940.23%240.51%446 [b] 9.50%4,695
Sanborn 1,12549.89%51722.93%59426.34%190.84%531 [b] 23.55%2,255
Spink 2,92365.09%78517.48%76016.92%230.51%2,13847.61%4,491
Stanley 59856.79%39437.42%585.51%30.28%20419.37%1,053
Sully 54262.95%14717.07%17019.74%20.23%372 [b] 43.21%861
Tripp 1,81959.33%96831.57%2758.97%40.13%85127.76%3,066
Turner 2,70367.59%60415.10%68917.23%30.08%2,014 [b] 50.36%3,999
Union 1,94266.17%84128.65%1424.84%100.34%1,10137.51%2,935
Walworth 1,41161.40%47820.80%39817.32%110.48%93340.60%2,298
Yankton 2,55561.80%1,14727.75%42010.16%120.29%1,40834.06%4,134
Ziebach 50765.42%17722.84%8711.23%40.52%33042.58%775
Totals110,69260.74%35,93819.72%34,70719.04%9000.49%74,75441.02%182,237

See also

Notes

  1. In the other eighteen states where Christensen was on the ballot, he was listed under the label of “Farmer-Labor” or “Labor”.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 In this county where Cox ran third behind Christensen as well as behind Harding, margin given is Harding vote minus Christensen vote and percentage margin Harding percentage minus Christensen percentage.

References

  1. Morello, John A.; Albert D. Lasker, Advertising, and the Election of Warren G. Harding, p. 64 ISBN   0275970302
  2. 1 2 Hough, Jerry F.; Changing Party Coalitions: The Mystery of the Red State-Blue State Alignment, pp. 86-87 ISBN   0875864090
  3. Saldin, Robert P., 'World War I and the System of 1896' (2010); Political Science Faculty Publications, Paper 1, pp. 825-836
  4. Lichtman, Allan J.; Prejudice and the Old Politics: The Presidential Election of 1928, pp. 102, 115
  5. Lubell, Samuel; The Future of American Politics, p. 135 Published 1952 by Harper and Brothers, New York
  6. Goldberg, David Joseph; Discontented America: The United States in the 1920s, p. 47 ISBN   0801860059
  7. Faykosh, Joseph D., Bowling Green State University; The Front Porch of the American People: James Cox and the Presidential Election of 1920 (thesis), p. 69
  8. Pietrusza, David; 1920: The Year of the Six Presidents, p. 398 ISBN   0786721022
  9. Bagby, Rexby; The Road to Normalcy: The Presidential Campaign and Election of 1920, pp. 158-159 ISBN   0801800455
  10. 'Republicans Going to Win: Prospects of a Complete Victory'; The Observer , October 31, 1920, p. 13
  11. Dave Leip. "1920 Presidential General Election Results – South Dakota". Dave Leip’s U.S. Election Atlas.
  12. South Dakota Secretary of State; Official Vote November, 1920 Presidential Electors (highest elector)