| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 15 Michigan votes to the Electoral College | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
County Results
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Elections in Michigan |
---|
The 1920 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 2, 1920, as part of the 1920 United States presidential election. Voters chose 15 [1] representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
Ever since the Panic of 1893 and the Populist movement, Michigan had been rigidly one-party polity dominated by the Republican Party. [2] In the 1894 elections, the Democratic Party lost all but one seat in the Michigan legislature, [3] and over the four ensuing decades the party would never make major gains there. [2]
The dominance of the culture of the Lower Peninsula by anti-slavery Yankees [4] would be augmented by the turn of formerly Democratic-leaning German Catholics away from that party as a result of the remodelled party’s agrarian and free silver sympathies, which became rigidly opposed by both the upper class and workers who followed them, [5] while the Populist movement eliminated Democratic ties with business and commerce of Michigan and other Northern states. [6] Unlike the other states of the Upper Midwest, the Yankee influence on the culture of the Lower Peninsula was so strong that left-wing third parties did not provide significant opposition to the Republicans, nor was there more than a moderate degree of coordinated factionalism within the hegemonic Michigan Republican Party. [7]
Although by taking a substantial proportion of the 1912 “Bull Moose” vote, incumbent president Woodrow Wilson had managed the best performance in Michigan by a Democrat since Grover Cleveland in 1888, [8] 1918 saw a major reaction against Wilson throughout the Midwest, due to supposed preferential treatment of Southern farmers: [9] Republicans would hold every seat in the State Senate for over a decade after the fall election, [10] as they had between 1895 and 1897 and between 1905 and 1911.
During the 1920 election campaign Michigan gained almost no attention because it had been so firmly Republican over the past quarter century. A poll of four university students showed three voting for Republican candidate Warren G. Harding and one for Democratic opponent James M. Cox. [11] A later poll in October showed that the very small August poll was not inaccurate, with Harding leading by slightly less than three-to-one. [12] The Post-Crescent’s expectations were fulfilled, as Harding won in a landslide, with almost 73 percent of the vote to only 22.27 percent for Cox.
With 72.76 percent of the popular, Michigan would prove to be Harding third strongest state in the 1920 election terms of popular vote percentage after North Dakota and Vermont. [13]
Harding received the largest share of the popular vote in a presidential election for Michigan at the time, though that record would be broken four years later. Cox fell more than 3.5 percent below the previous worst Democratic showing by Alton B. Parker from 1904. This was the first of three consecutive elections where Michigan supported a Republican candidate with more than seventy percent of the vote and the only examples of any presidential candidate receiving such a high share in the state. [8]
Concurrent with Harding’s triumph in the state, the Republicans would win every single seat in not just the State Senate, but also the State House of Representatives.
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Warren G. Harding | 762,865 | 72.76% | |
Democratic | James M. Cox | 233,450 | 22.27% | |
Socialist | Eugene Debs | 28,947 | 2.76% | |
Farmer–Labor | Parley P. Christensen | 10,480 | 1.00% | |
Prohibition | Aaron S. Watkins | 9,646 | 0.92% | |
Socialist Labor | William Wesley Cox | 2,539 | 0.24% | |
Single Tax | Robert Macauley | 484 | 0.05% | |
Total votes | 1,048,411 | 100% |
County | Warren Gamail Harding Republican | James Middleton Cox Democratic | Eugene Victor Debs Socialist | Parley Parker Christensen Farmer–Labor | Various candidates Other parties | Margin | Total votes cast [16] | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
Alcona | 1,043 | 75.85% | 264 | 19.20% | 39 | 2.84% | 5 | 0.36% | 24 | 1.75% | 779 | 56.65% | 1,375 |
Alger | 1,263 | 66.09% | 468 | 24.49% | 143 | 7.48% | 23 | 1.20% | 14 | 0.73% | 795 | 41.60% | 1,911 |
Allegan | 7,825 | 75.89% | 2,154 | 20.89% | 127 | 1.23% | 29 | 0.28% | 176 | 1.71% | 5,671 | 55.00% | 10,311 |
Alpena | 3,467 | 63.38% | 1,893 | 34.61% | 84 | 1.54% | 7 | 0.13% | 19 | 0.35% | 1,574 | 28.78% | 5,470 |
Antrim | 2,260 | 77.53% | 518 | 17.77% | 63 | 2.16% | 9 | 0.31% | 65 | 2.23% | 1,742 | 59.76% | 2,915 |
Arenac | 1,521 | 66.36% | 669 | 29.19% | 55 | 2.40% | 12 | 0.52% | 35 | 1.53% | 852 | 37.17% | 2,292 |
Baraga | 1,368 | 74.67% | 304 | 16.59% | 120 | 6.55% | 25 | 1.36% | 15 | 0.82% | 1,064 | 58.08% | 1,832 |
Barry | 5,154 | 70.69% | 1,874 | 25.70% | 44 | 0.60% | 14 | 0.19% | 205 | 2.81% | 3,280 | 44.99% | 7,291 |
Bay | 13,933 | 64.93% | 7,011 | 32.67% | 180 | 0.84% | 207 | 0.96% | 129 | 0.60% | 6,922 | 32.26% | 21,460 |
Benzie | 1,520 | 72.00% | 422 | 19.99% | 88 | 4.17% | 28 | 1.33% | 53 | 2.51% | 1,098 | 52.01% | 2,111 |
Berrien | 15,748 | 74.06% | 4,855 | 22.83% | 368 | 1.73% | 87 | 0.41% | 207 | 0.97% | 10,893 | 51.23% | 21,265 |
Branch | 5,704 | 69.72% | 2,181 | 26.66% | 76 | 0.93% | 18 | 0.22% | 202 | 2.47% | 3,523 | 43.06% | 8,181 |
Calhoun | 16,722 | 69.12% | 6,291 | 26.00% | 540 | 2.23% | 171 | 0.71% | 469 | 1.94% | 10,431 | 43.12% | 24,193 |
Cass | 4,498 | 74.25% | 1,286 | 21.23% | 153 | 2.53% | 23 | 0.38% | 98 | 1.62% | 3,212 | 53.02% | 6,058 |
Charlevoix | 3,079 | 77.07% | 704 | 17.62% | 135 | 3.38% | 12 | 0.30% | 65 | 1.63% | 2,375 | 59.45% | 3,995 |
Cheboygan | 2,472 | 63.47% | 1,281 | 32.89% | 61 | 1.57% | 43 | 1.10% | 38 | 0.98% | 1,191 | 30.58% | 3,895 |
Chippewa | 4,732 | 74.36% | 1,266 | 19.89% | 180 | 2.83% | 78 | 1.23% | 108 | 1.70% | 3,466 | 54.46% | 6,364 |
Clare | 1,762 | 73.48% | 511 | 21.31% | 77 | 3.21% | 4 | 0.17% | 44 | 1.83% | 1,251 | 52.17% | 2,398 |
Clinton | 6,019 | 78.91% | 1,464 | 19.19% | 39 | 0.51% | 13 | 0.17% | 93 | 1.22% | 4,555 | 59.71% | 7,628 |
Crawford | 726 | 64.42% | 361 | 32.03% | 26 | 2.31% | 5 | 0.44% | 9 | 0.80% | 365 | 32.39% | 1,127 |
Delta | 4,938 | 65.40% | 1,985 | 26.29% | 348 | 4.61% | 199 | 2.64% | 80 | 1.06% | 2,953 | 39.11% | 7,550 |
Dickinson | 3,539 | 76.65% | 580 | 12.56% | 352 | 7.62% | 38 | 0.82% | 108 | 2.34% | 2,959 | 64.09% | 4,617 |
Eaton | 7,343 | 70.99% | 2,727 | 26.36% | 92 | 0.89% | 28 | 0.27% | 154 | 1.49% | 4,616 | 44.62% | 10,344 |
Emmet | 3,059 | 68.88% | 1,070 | 24.09% | 188 | 4.23% | 23 | 0.52% | 101 | 2.27% | 1,989 | 44.79% | 4,441 |
Genesee | 24,543 | 74.66% | 7,408 | 22.54% | 538 | 1.64% | 85 | 0.26% | 299 | 0.91% | 17,135 | 52.12% | 32,873 |
Gladwin | 1,687 | 78.68% | 313 | 14.60% | 81 | 3.78% | 6 | 0.28% | 57 | 2.66% | 1,374 | 64.09% | 2,144 |
Gogebic | 5,486 | 79.72% | 823 | 11.96% | 364 | 5.29% | 70 | 1.02% | 139 | 2.02% | 4,663 | 67.76% | 6,882 |
Grand Traverse | 4,056 | 74.04% | 1,158 | 21.14% | 155 | 2.83% | 20 | 0.37% | 89 | 1.62% | 2,898 | 52.90% | 5,478 |
Gratiot | 6,578 | 77.41% | 1,846 | 21.72% | 41 | 0.48% | 15 | 0.18% | 18 | 0.21% | 4,732 | 55.68% | 8,498 |
Hillsdale | 6,690 | 71.12% | 2,467 | 26.23% | 57 | 0.61% | 13 | 0.14% | 179 | 1.90% | 4,223 | 44.90% | 9,406 |
Houghton | 14,938 | 80.20% | 3,088 | 16.58% | 381 | 2.05% | 117 | 0.63% | 101 | 0.54% | 11,850 | 63.62% | 18,625 |
Huron | 8,354 | 82.57% | 1,581 | 15.63% | 93 | 0.92% | 20 | 0.20% | 69 | 0.68% | 6,773 | 66.95% | 10,117 |
Ingham | 18,437 | 69.63% | 7,061 | 26.67% | 508 | 1.92% | 88 | 0.33% | 386 | 1.46% | 11,376 | 42.96% | 26,480 |
Ionia | 7,977 | 67.59% | 3,395 | 28.77% | 93 | 0.79% | 23 | 0.19% | 314 | 2.66% | 4,582 | 38.82% | 11,802 |
Iosco | 2,013 | 76.71% | 548 | 20.88% | 39 | 1.49% | 14 | 0.53% | 10 | 0.38% | 1,465 | 55.83% | 2,624 |
Iron | 3,515 | 82.80% | 497 | 11.71% | 172 | 4.05% | 18 | 0.42% | 43 | 1.01% | 3,018 | 71.10% | 4,245 |
Isabella | 5,089 | 73.82% | 1,627 | 23.60% | 73 | 1.06% | 10 | 0.15% | 95 | 1.38% | 3,462 | 50.22% | 6,894 |
Jackson | 15,922 | 64.90% | 7,789 | 31.75% | 294 | 1.20% | 89 | 0.36% | 440 | 1.79% | 8,133 | 33.15% | 24,534 |
Kalamazoo | 13,765 | 67.53% | 5,271 | 25.86% | 548 | 2.69% | 521 | 2.56% | 279 | 1.37% | 8,494 | 41.67% | 20,384 |
Kalkaska | 890 | 73.19% | 224 | 18.42% | 38 | 3.13% | 9 | 0.74% | 55 | 4.52% | 666 | 54.77% | 1,216 |
Kent | 40,802 | 70.14% | 14,763 | 25.38% | 973 | 1.67% | 783 | 1.35% | 854 | 1.47% | 26,039 | 44.76% | 58,175 |
Keweenaw | 1,272 | 90.15% | 89 | 6.31% | 39 | 2.76% | 1 | 0.07% | 10 | 0.71% | 1,183 | 83.84% | 1,411 |
Lake | 926 | 74.80% | 261 | 21.08% | 30 | 2.42% | 11 | 0.89% | 10 | 0.81% | 665 | 53.72% | 1,238 |
Lapeer | 5,523 | 78.61% | 1,298 | 18.47% | 38 | 0.54% | 20 | 0.28% | 147 | 2.09% | 4,225 | 60.13% | 7,026 |
Leelanau | 2,156 | 82.26% | 406 | 15.49% | 39 | 1.49% | 4 | 0.15% | 16 | 0.61% | 1,750 | 66.77% | 2,621 |
Lenawee | 11,973 | 68.89% | 5,095 | 29.32% | 85 | 0.49% | 19 | 0.11% | 207 | 1.19% | 6,878 | 39.58% | 17,379 |
Livingston | 4,639 | 64.10% | 2,437 | 33.67% | 12 | 0.17% | 8 | 0.11% | 141 | 1.95% | 2,202 | 30.43% | 7,237 |
Luce | 708 | 76.54% | 187 | 20.22% | 6 | 0.65% | 2 | 0.22% | 22 | 2.38% | 521 | 56.32% | 925 |
Mackinac | 1,685 | 62.87% | 932 | 34.78% | 37 | 1.38% | 8 | 0.30% | 18 | 0.67% | 753 | 28.10% | 2,680 |
Macomb | 9,735 | 73.97% | 3,023 | 22.97% | 183 | 1.39% | 68 | 0.52% | 152 | 1.15% | 6,712 | 51.00% | 13,161 |
Manistee | 2,179 | 47.68% | 2,184 | 47.79% | 150 | 3.28% | 14 | 0.31% | 43 | 0.94% | -5 | -0.11% | 4,570 |
Marquette | 9,233 | 70.46% | 3,012 | 22.99% | 534 | 4.08% | 207 | 1.58% | 117 | 0.89% | 6,221 | 47.48% | 13,103 |
Mason | 3,652 | 69.39% | 1,338 | 25.42% | 154 | 2.93% | 21 | 0.40% | 98 | 1.86% | 2,314 | 43.97% | 5,263 |
Mecosta | 3,932 | 74.78% | 1,145 | 21.78% | 112 | 2.13% | 7 | 0.13% | 62 | 1.18% | 2,787 | 53.00% | 5,258 |
Menominee | 5,045 | 72.41% | 1,560 | 22.39% | 239 | 3.43% | 66 | 0.95% | 57 | 0.82% | 3,485 | 50.02% | 6,967 |
Midland | 4,115 | 78.88% | 959 | 18.38% | 79 | 1.51% | 12 | 0.23% | 52 | 1.00% | 3,156 | 60.49% | 5,217 |
Missaukee | 1,801 | 82.46% | 345 | 15.80% | 14 | 0.64% | 2 | 0.09% | 22 | 1.01% | 1,456 | 66.67% | 2,184 |
Monroe | 8,646 | 61.34% | 5,224 | 37.06% | 119 | 0.84% | 12 | 0.09% | 95 | 0.67% | 3,422 | 24.28% | 14,096 |
Montcalm | 6,644 | 77.27% | 1,695 | 19.71% | 109 | 1.27% | 18 | 0.21% | 132 | 1.54% | 4,949 | 57.56% | 8,598 |
Montmorency | 832 | 75.57% | 199 | 18.07% | 55 | 5.00% | 5 | 0.45% | 10 | 0.91% | 633 | 57.49% | 1,101 |
Muskegon | 11,702 | 73.70% | 3,468 | 21.84% | 485 | 3.05% | 56 | 0.35% | 166 | 1.05% | 8,234 | 51.86% | 15,877 |
Newaygo | 4,188 | 78.91% | 929 | 17.51% | 81 | 1.53% | 11 | 0.21% | 98 | 1.85% | 3,259 | 61.41% | 5,307 |
Oakland | 19,321 | 70.98% | 6,421 | 23.59% | 916 | 3.37% | 112 | 0.41% | 450 | 1.65% | 12,900 | 47.39% | 27,220 |
Oceana | 3,535 | 77.85% | 785 | 17.29% | 101 | 2.22% | 22 | 0.48% | 98 | 2.16% | 2,750 | 60.56% | 4,541 |
Ogemaw | 1,687 | 75.55% | 444 | 19.88% | 43 | 1.93% | 7 | 0.31% | 52 | 2.33% | 1,243 | 55.67% | 2,233 |
Ontonagon | 1,977 | 67.71% | 657 | 22.50% | 215 | 7.36% | 37 | 1.27% | 34 | 1.16% | 1,320 | 45.21% | 2,920 |
Osceola | 3,603 | 80.84% | 769 | 17.25% | 33 | 0.74% | 11 | 0.25% | 41 | 0.92% | 2,834 | 63.59% | 4,457 |
Oscoda | 439 | 83.78% | 75 | 14.31% | 5 | 0.95% | 3 | 0.57% | 2 | 0.38% | 364 | 69.47% | 524 |
Otsego | 874 | 64.03% | 466 | 34.14% | 4 | 0.29% | 10 | 0.73% | 11 | 0.81% | 408 | 29.89% | 1,365 |
Ottawa | 10,528 | 78.74% | 2,391 | 17.88% | 205 | 1.53% | 41 | 0.31% | 205 | 1.53% | 8,137 | 60.86% | 13,370 |
Presque Isle | 2,522 | 80.76% | 525 | 16.81% | 36 | 1.15% | 22 | 0.70% | 18 | 0.58% | 1,997 | 63.94% | 3,123 |
Roscommon | 652 | 75.29% | 182 | 21.02% | 21 | 2.42% | 3 | 0.35% | 8 | 0.92% | 470 | 54.27% | 866 |
Saginaw | 20,425 | 68.24% | 8,494 | 28.38% | 578 | 1.93% | 240 | 0.80% | 195 | 0.65% | 11,931 | 39.86% | 29,932 |
Sanilac | 7,256 | 84.66% | 1,146 | 13.37% | 59 | 0.69% | 7 | 0.08% | 103 | 1.20% | 6,110 | 71.29% | 8,571 |
Schoolcraft | 1,776 | 71.33% | 428 | 17.19% | 226 | 9.08% | 26 | 1.04% | 34 | 1.37% | 1,348 | 54.14% | 2,490 |
Shiawassee | 7,194 | 69.93% | 2,595 | 25.23% | 143 | 1.39% | 36 | 0.35% | 319 | 3.10% | 4,599 | 44.71% | 10,287 |
St. Clair | 14,938 | 75.14% | 4,566 | 22.97% | 147 | 0.74% | 84 | 0.42% | 144 | 0.72% | 10,372 | 52.18% | 19,879 |
St. Joseph | 6,035 | 66.59% | 2,725 | 30.07% | 121 | 1.34% | 24 | 0.26% | 158 | 1.74% | 3,310 | 36.52% | 9,063 |
Tuscola | 7,282 | 82.67% | 1,269 | 14.41% | 62 | 0.70% | 29 | 0.33% | 167 | 1.90% | 6,013 | 68.26% | 8,809 |
Van Buren | 6,904 | 75.11% | 1,988 | 21.63% | 162 | 1.76% | 17 | 0.18% | 121 | 1.32% | 4,916 | 53.48% | 9,192 |
Washtenaw | 14,082 | 74.46% | 4,468 | 23.63% | 155 | 0.82% | 9 | 0.05% | 198 | 1.05% | 9,614 | 50.84% | 18,912 |
Wayne | 220,482 | 74.75% | 51,773 | 17.55% | 14,531 | 4.93% | 5,827 | 1.98% | 2,330 | 0.79% | 168,709 | 57.20% | 294,943 |
Wexford | 3,406 | 73.03% | 1,095 | 23.48% | 57 | 1.22% | 22 | 0.47% | 84 | 1.80% | 2,311 | 49.55% | 4,664 |
Totals | 762,865 | 72.76% | 233,450 | 22.27% | 28,947 | 2.76% | 10,480 | 1.00% | 12,669 | 1.21% | 529,415 | 50.50% | 1,048,411 |
The 1920 United States presidential election in California took place on November 2, 1920, as part of the 1920 United States presidential election in which all 48 states participated. California voters chose 13 electors to represent them in the Electoral College via a popular vote pitting Democratic nominee, Governor James M. Cox of Ohio and his running mate, Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York, against Republican challenger U.S. Senator Warren G. Harding of Ohio and his running mate, Governor Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts.
The 1920 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 2, 1920, as part of the 1920 United States presidential election, which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose 18 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1920 United States presidential election in Alabama took place on November 2, 1920, as part of the 1920 general election, in which all 48 states participated. Alabama voters chose twelve electors to represent them in the Electoral College via popular vote pitting Democratic nominee James M. Cox and his running mate, Assistant Secretary of the Navy Franklin Roosevelt, against Republican challenger U.S. Senator Warren G. Harding and his running mate, Governor Calvin Coolidge.
The 1920 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on November 2, 1920, as part of the 1920 United States presidential election. State voters chose 13 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1924 United States presidential election in Wisconsin was held on November 4, 1924 as part of the 1924 United States presidential election. State voters chose 13 electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1920 United States presidential election in Minnesota took place on November 2, 1920 as part of the 1920 United States presidential election in which all contemporary forty-eight states participated. Voters chose 12 electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. This election marks the last time a candidate for president won every county in Minnesota.
The 1912 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 5, 1912, as part of the 1912 United States presidential election. Voters chose 15 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1920 presidential election in Texas was part of the 1920 United States presidential election in which all contemporary forty-eight states voted on November 2, 1920. State voters chose 20 electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1924 United States presidential election in Texas took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the 1924 United States presidential election. State voters chose 20 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1896 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 3, 1896. All contemporary 45 states were part of the 1896 United States presidential election. Voters chose 14 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.
The 1916 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 7, 1916, as part of the 1916 United States presidential election. Voters chose 15 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1908 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 3, 1908, as part of the 1908 United States presidential election. Voters chose 14 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1904 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 8, 1904, as part of the 1904 United States presidential election. Voters chose 14 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1924 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the 1924 United States presidential election. Voters chose fifteen representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1928 United States presidential election in Michigan took place on November 6, 1928, as part of the 1928 United States presidential election. Voters chose 15 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1920 United States presidential election in South Dakota took place on November 2, 1920 as part of the 1920 United States presidential election in which all contemporary forty-eight states participated. Voters chose five electors, or representatives to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1928 United States presidential election in North Dakota took place on November 6, 1928, as part of the 1928 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose five representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1920 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 2, 1920, as part of the 1920 United States presidential election. State voters chose 29 representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1924 United States presidential election in Alabama took place on November 4, 1924, as part of the nationwide presidential election, which was held throughout all contemporary forty-eight states. Voters chose twelve representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.
The 1920 United States presidential election in Maryland took place on November 2, 1920, as part of the 1920 United States presidential election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states. Voters chose eight representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president.