Ammonium tetrachloroaurate

Ammonium tetrachloroaurate

Names
IUPAC name Ammonium tetrachloroaurate(III)
Identifiers
CAS Number	31113-23-2 hydrate: 13874-04-9
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image hydrate: Interactive image
ChemSpider	10773247
ECHA InfoCard	100.205.444
EC Number	250-476-0 hydrate:680-381-3
PubChem CID	56845482 hydrate: 16211474
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID70953216 hydrate: DTXSID30583432
InChI InChI=1S/Au.4ClH.H3N/h;4*1H;1H3/q+3;;;;;/p-3 Key: WPEJSSRSFRWYJB-UHFFFAOYSA-K hydrate:InChI=1S/Au.4ClH.H3N.H2O/h;4*1H;1H3;1H2/q+3;;;;;;/p-3 Key: DTYXSEJVOCMIPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K
SMILES [NH4+].Cl[Au-](Cl)(Cl)Cl hydrate:[NH4+].O.Cl[Au-](Cl)(Cl)Cl
Properties
Chemical formula	AuCl4H4N
Molar mass	356.81 g·mol−1
Appearance	orange-red crystals
Density	g/cm3
Solubility in water	slightly soluble
Hazards
GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Danger
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Ammonium tetrachloroaurate is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula NH₄AuCl₄. ^[1]

Synthesis

Ammonium tetrachloroaurate can be obtained by reacting a saturated solution of gold(III) chloride with ammonium chloride in hydrochloric acid. ^[2]

Physical properties

The compound is slightly soluble in water ^[3] and ethanol. ^[4] It forms hydrates. ^[5]

Ammonium tetrachloroaurate forms orange-yellow crystals. ^[6] The hydrate has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group C 2/ c (space group no. 15). ^[7]

Ammonium tetrachloroaurate decomposes in air at temperatures from 230 to 350 °C . The decomposition reaction is endothermic. ^[8]

Uses

The hydrate is used to prepare Pd-Au alloy films. ^[9]

Ammonium tetrachloroaurate can be used to produce gold nanoparticles. ^[10]

References

1. Tomar, Ravi (9 August 2024). Hydrotalcite-based Materials: Synthesis, Characterization and Application. Bentham Science Publishers. p. 337. ISBN   978-981-5256-12-3 . Retrieved 17 March 2025.
2. Physikalische Eigenschaften. Elektrochemisches Verhalten. Chemisches Verhalten. Nachweis und Bestimmung. Verbindungen, Legierungen (Achte Völlig Neu Bearbeitete Auflage ed.). Berlin, Heidelberg s.l: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 1979. ISBN   978-3-662-12700-1 . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
3. "Ammonium tetrachloroaurate(III) hydrate". Sigma Aldrich . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
4. Bonamico, M.; Dessy, G.; Furlani, C.; Capece, F. M. (15 August 1973). "The crystal and molecular structure of ammonium tetrachloroaurate(III) 2/3-hydrate". Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry . 29 (8): 1737–1739. Bibcode:1973AcCrB..29.1737B. doi:10.1107/S0567740873005418. ISSN   0567-7408 . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
5. Shallcross, David (20 April 2020). Petroleum Engineering Explained. Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 207. ISBN   978-1-78801-668-1 . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
6. "Ammonium-tetrachloroaurate". Johnson Matthey . Retrieved 16 March 2025.
7. Bonamico, M.; Dessy, G.; Furlani, C.; Capece, F. M. (15 August 1973). "The crystal and molecular structure of ammonium tetrachloroaurate(III) 2/3-hydrate". Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry . 29 (8): 1737–1739. Bibcode:1973AcCrB..29.1737B. doi:10.1107/S0567740873005418. ISSN   0567-7408 . Retrieved 17 March 2025.
8. Price, Peter Everett (1991). Bifurcation Behavior in Laser Direct-write Metallization from Thin Films. University of Minnesota. p. 22. Retrieved 16 March 2025.
9. "AG6012 Ammonium Tetrachloroaurate(III) Hydrate". samaterials.com. Retrieved 16 March 2025.
10. Evans, Meghan; Di Maggio, Francesco; Blackman, Chris; Sankar, Gopinathan (2015). "AACVD synthesis of catalytic gold nanoparticle-modified cerium(IV) oxide thin films". Physica Status Solidi C . 12 (7): 996–1000. Bibcode:2015PSSCR..12..996E. doi:10.1002/pssc.201510055. ISSN   1610-1642 . Retrieved 16 March 2025.