Government Railway Police | |
---|---|
Abbreviation | GRP |
Agency overview | |
Formed | 1887 |
Jurisdictional structure | |
Operations jurisdiction | India |
Legal jurisdiction | States |
Governing body | State governments |
Constituting instrument | |
Operational structure | |
Overseen by | Ministry of Home Affairs of states |
Agency executive |
|
Parent agency | State police |
[1] |
Government Railway Police (GRP), or simply Railway Police, are branches of the state police forces in India responsible for maintaining law and order, as well as preventing and detecting crimes in railway premises and trains. Its duties correspond to those of the district police in the areas under their jurisdiction.
It differs from the Railway Protection Force (RPF), which is a paramilitary force under the Ministry of Railways, responsible for the security of passengers and railway property. If a crime is detected by the RPF, the case has to be handed over to the respective GRP. [2] [3]
The role of Government Railway Police is to maintain law and order within railway buildings and track areas, as well as to investigate offences on body and property of passengers in trains and railway premises. They also provide security in trains and railway premises. While the Railway Protection Force gives protection for railway properties, passengers, and passenger areas. [4]
The GRP performs similar functions as the district police within its jurisdiction. Maintaining order include duties such as controlling passenger and vehicle traffic, arresting offenders, removing persons with infectious diseases and beggars, examining empty carriages, the removal of dead bodies of persons died on train or station premises, and moving sick passengers to hospitals. The protection of goods sheds, goods wagons at stations and parcel offices is the duty of the Railway Protection Force. [5]
During the British Raj, railways were initially policed by the district police of the respective jurisdictions. However, as railway lines traversed multiple police districts, the need arose for a dedicated railway police. This led to the establishment of separate railway police districts, covering specific sections of railway lines within a province. The Government Railway Police (GRP) was formally established in 1887 in Bengal and Bombay, followed by Punjab two years later. Initially, these railway police districts operated under the supervision of the Deputy Inspector General (DIG) of the Criminal Investigation Departments (CID). This arrangement continued until the mid-1970s when GRPs were placed under the authority of a separate DIG, Inspector General (IG), or Additional Director General (ADG). The functional jurisdiction of the GRP was restricted to railway premises, trains, and tracks. [6]
Since "police" and "public order" fall under the State List in the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, state governments are responsible for crime prevention, detection, registration, investigation, and maintaining law and order on railways within their jurisdictions. This responsibility is executed through the GRP. [7] Although the Ministry of Railways funds 50% of the GRP's expenses, it has no administrative or operational control over the force. This arrangement has occasionally caused friction between the Ministry and state governments. Furthermore, the GRP does not handle the security of goods and freight on railways. To address this gap, the Ministry later established the Railway Protection Force (RPF), which focuses specifically on protecting railway property. [6]
Military police (MP) are law enforcement agencies connected with, or part of, the military of a state. In wartime operations, the military police may support the main fighting force with force protection, convoy security, screening, rear reconnaissance, logistic traffic management, counterinsurgency, and detainee handling.
Railroad police or railway police are people responsible for the protection of railroad properties, facilities, revenue, equipment, and personnel, as well as carried passengers and cargo. Railroad police may also patrol public rail transit systems.
Transit police are specialized police agencies employed either by a common carrier, such as a transit district, railway, railroad, bus line, or another mass transit provider or municipality, county, district, or state.
Law enforcement in India is imperative to keep justice and order in the nation. Indian law is enforced by a number of agencies. India has a multi-layered law enforcement structure with both federal and state/union territory level agencies, including specialized ones with specific jurisdictions. Unlike many federal nations, the constitution of India delegates the maintenance of law and order primarily to the states and territories.
Security police usually describes a law enforcement agency which focuses primarily on providing security and law enforcement services to particular areas or specific properties. They may be employed by governmental, public, or private institutions. Security police are generally considered distinct from security guards as security police personnel typically hold some level of law enforcement authority. The exact powers held by security police vary widely between jurisdictions. Examples of these types of agencies include the United States' DoD Police and FBI Police, the Indian Central Industrial Security Force, and the British Civil Nuclear Constabulary.
A border guard of a country is a national security agency that ensures border security. Some of the national border guard agencies also perform coast guard and rescue service duties.
Railway Protection Force (RPF) is an armed force of the Union under the Ministry of Railways, Government of India. The force was established by the RPF Act, 1957, enacted by the Indian Parliament for "the better protection and security of railway property and passenger area". It has the power to search, arrest, enquire, and prosecute offenses committed under the Railway Property (Unlawful Possession) Act 1966 and the Railways Act, 1989 (amended from time to time). RPF has also been entrusted with the responsibility of security of railway passenger area and railway passengers since 2004. However the power of arrests under other penal laws rests in the hands of the Government Railway Police (GRP) of each state.
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Law enforcement in Indonesia is mainly performed by the Indonesian National Police (POLRI), together with other law enforcement agencies which are under the president, a certain ministry or State-owned company (BUMN) which perform policing duties for a certain public service, these law enforcement agencies are under supervision and are trained by the Indonesian National Police. The Indonesian National Police is basically the national civilian police force of the country responsible for enforcing law and order of the state.
Law enforcement in Turkey is carried out by several departments and agencies, all acting under the Ministry of Internal Affairs except military police which is under the command of the Turkish Armed Forces and the National Intelligence Organization which directly reports to the president.
Provosts are military police (MP) whose duties are policing solely within the armed forces of a country, as opposed to gendarmerie duties in the civilian population. However, many countries use their gendarmerie for provost duties.
In many countries, particularly those with a federal system of government, there may be several law enforcement agencies, police or police-like organizations, each serving different levels of government and enforcing different subsets of the applicable law.
Haridwar railway station, is one of the major railway stations in Haridwar district, Uttarakhand, India. It falls under the Moradabad division of the Northern Railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Jhajha Station, station code JAJ, is the railway station serving the city of Jhajha in the Jamui district in the Indian state of Bihar. The Jhajha railway station is the easternmost station on the mainline section of the Danapur division of the East Central Railway zone. Jhajha Station is connected to metropolitan area of India by Howrah–Delhi main line via Patna–Mughalsarai section. It is located at 24°46′21″N86°23′11″E and has an average elevation of 143 metres (469 ft). It is located in front of a large red soil hill and is surrounded many forests. The station has "pristine beauty".
Hatia railway station, station code HTE, is the railway station serving the capital city of Ranchi in the Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Hatia Station belongs to the Ranchi division of the South Eastern Railway Zone of the Indian railways. Hatia railway station is connected to most of the major cities in India by the railway network. It is situated on Ranchi–Rourkela railway section.
Tatisilwai railway station, station code TIS, is the railway station serving the capital city of Ranchi in the Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Tatisilwai station belongs to the Ranchi division of the South Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways.
Tiruchirappalli railway division(Tamil:[திருச்சிராப்பள்ளிரயில்கோட்டம்]) is one of the six railway divisions of Southern Railway zone (SR) of India. It has its administrative headquarters located at Tiruchirappalli. It serves most of the districts of delta region and Central Tamil Nadu.
The Kerala Police is the law enforcement agency for the Indian state of Kerala. Kerala Police has its headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram, the state capital. The motto of the force is "Mridhu Bhave Dhrida Kruthye" which means "Soft in Temperament, Firm in Action" in Sanskrit. It operates under the Department of Home, Government of Kerala. The force is headed by the State Police Chief, and the incumbent chief is Shaikh Darvesh Sahib, IPS.
In India, the police forces of the states and union territories are responsible for law enforcement in the states and union territories. Police and Public Order are State subjects under the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India.