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Cyan is the color between blue and green on the visible spectrum of light. It is evoked by light with a predominant wavelength between 490 and 520 nm, between the wavelengths of green and blue.
The RGB color model is an additive color model in which the red, green and blue primary colors of light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue.
A set of primary colors or primary colours consists of colorants or colored lights that can be mixed in varying amounts to produce a gamut of colors. This is the essential method used to create the perception of a broad range of colors in, e.g., electronic displays, color printing, and paintings. Perceptions associated with a given combination of primary colors can be predicted by an appropriate mixing model that reflects the physics of how light interacts with physical media, and ultimately the retina.
A pigment is a powder used to add color or change visual appearance. Pigments are completely or nearly insoluble and chemically unreactive in water or another medium; in contrast, dyes are colored substances which are soluble or go into solution at some stage in their use. Dyes are often organic compounds whereas pigments are often inorganic. Pigments of prehistoric and historic value include ochre, charcoal, and lapis lazuli.
The Natural Color System (NCS) is a proprietary perceptual color model. It is based on the color opponency hypothesis of color vision, first proposed by German physiologist Ewald Hering. The current version of the NCS was developed by the Swedish Colour Centre Foundation, from 1964 onwards. The research team consisted of Anders Hård, Lars Sivik and Gunnar Tonnquist, who in 1997 received the AIC Judd award for their work. The system is based entirely on the phenomenology of human perception and not on color mixing. It is illustrated by a color atlas, marketed by NCS Colour AB in Stockholm.
In colorimetry, the Munsell color system is a color space that specifies colors based on three properties of color: hue, chroma, and value (lightness). It was created by Albert H. Munsell in the first decade of the 20th century and adopted by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) as the official color system for soil research in the 1930s.
HSL and HSV are the two most common cylindrical-coordinate representations of points in an RGB color model. The two representations rearrange the geometry of RGB in an attempt to be more intuitive and perceptually relevant than the cartesian (cube) representation. Developed in the 1970s for computer graphics applications, HSL and HSV are used today in color pickers, in image editing software, and less commonly in image analysis and computer vision.
RAL is a colour management system used in Europe that is created and administered by the German RAL gGmbH, which is a subsidiary of the German RAL Institute. In colloquial speech, RAL refers to the RAL Classic system, mainly used for varnish and powder coating, but now plastics as well. Approved RAL products are provided with a hologram to make unauthorised versions difficult to produce. Imitations may show different hue and colour when observed under various light sources.
This is an index of color topic-related articles.
Azure is the color between cyan and blue on the spectrum of visible light. It is often described as the color of the sky on a clear day.
A color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers, typically as three or four values or color components. When this model is associated with a precise description of how the components are to be interpreted, taking account of visual perception, the resulting set of colors is called "color space."
In optics, orange has a wavelength between approximately 585 and 620 nm and a hue of 30° in HSV color space. In the RGB color space it is a secondary color numerically halfway between gamma-compressed red and yellow, as can be seen in the RGB color wheel. The complementary color of orange is azure. Orange pigments are largely in the ochre or cadmium families, and absorb mostly blue light.
Lightness is a visual perception of the luminance of an object. It is often judged relative to a similarly lit object. In colorimetry and color appearance models, lightness is a prediction of how an illuminated color will appear to a standard observer. While luminance is a linear measurement of light, lightness is a linear prediction of the human perception of that light.
Varieties of the color green may differ in hue, chroma or lightness, or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a green or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below.
In color science, a color gradient specifies a range of position-dependent colors, usually used to fill a region.
Varieties of the color yellow may differ in hue, chroma or lightness, or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a yellow or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these various colors is shown below.
Varieties of the color blue may differ in hue, chroma, or lightness, or in two or three of these qualities. Variations in value are also called tints and shades, a tint being a blue or other hue mixed with white, a shade being mixed with black. A large selection of these colors are shown below.
Variations of gray or grey include achromatic grayscale shades, which lie exactly between white and black, and nearby colors with low colorfulness. A selection of a number of these various colors is shown below.
This article provides introductory information about the RGB, HSV, and HSL color models from a computer graphics perspective. An introduction to colors is also provided to support the main discussion.
References
- 1 2 "RAL CLASSIC Colours". ral-farben.de. RAL gemeinnützige GmbH. Retrieved October 30, 2017.
- ↑ Hall, Sarah (6 Mar 2002). "Ambulances turn yellow for Europe". The Guardian. Archived from the original on Dec 23, 2015. Retrieved 1 March 2015.
- ↑ "RAL Orange". RAL Colours UK. Retrieved 2020-12-16.
- 1 2 "RAL COLOURS at imm cologne 2020 – The international furnishing fair". ral-farben.de. 10 January 2020. Archived from the original on 29 February 2020. Retrieved 29 February 2020.
- ↑ London Cycling Design Standards, chapter 7, page 11 https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/publications-and-reports/streets-toolkit
- ↑ Denecke, Johannes; Kiroff, Jürgen; Skulski, Przemyslaw; Starmer, Mike; Zaloga, Steven (2020). Real Colors of WWII. AK Interactive. p. 23.
- ↑ "RAL-F9 – Tarnfarben der Bundeswehr" (in German). Archived from the original on 2010-11-22. Retrieved 2013-05-19.
- ↑ "Genuine Surplus". armysurplus.com. Archived from the original on Aug 6, 2022.
- ↑ "Colour RAL 9012 / Clean room white (White and black shades) | RAL colour chart UK" . Retrieved 2020-12-16.
- ↑ "A Standard Default Color Space for the Internet - SRGB".
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