Related Research Articles
Hamburger Flugzeugbau (HFB) was an aircraft manufacturer, located primarily in the Finkenwerder quarter of Hamburg, Germany. Established in 1933 as an offshoot of Blohm & Voss shipbuilders, it later became an operating division within its parent company and was known as Abteilung Flugzeugbau der Schiffswerft Blohm & Voss from 1937 until it ceased operation at the end of World War II. In the postwar period it was revived as an independent company under its original name and subsequently joined several consortia before being merged to form Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm (MBB). It participates in the present day Airbus and European aerospace programs.
Heinkel Flugzeugwerke was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel. It is noted for producing bomber aircraft for the Luftwaffe in World War II and for important contributions to high-speed flight, with the pioneering examples of a successful liquid-fueled rocket and a turbojet-powered aircraft in aviation history, with both Heinkel designs' first flights occurring shortly before the outbreak of World War II in Europe.
The Focke-Wulf Fw 187 Falke ("Falcon") was a German aircraft designed in 1935. It was conceived by Kurt Tank as a twin-engine, high-performance fighter, but the Luftwaffe saw no role for the design, perceiving it as intermediate between the Messerschmitt Bf 109 and Bf 110. Later prototypes were adapted to two-seats to compete with the Bf 110 in the heavy fighter (Zerstörer) role, but only nine aircraft were built in total.
The Idflieg designation system was used to classify German heavier-than-air military aircraft from the early days of the Fliegertruppe/Luftstreitkräfte to the end of World War I. The system evolved during this period as new classes of aircraft came into use.
B3, B03, B.III or B-3 may refer to:
The Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte – known before October 1916 as Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches – was the air arm of the Imperial German Army. In English-language sources it is usually referred to as the Imperial German Air Service, although that is not a literal translation of either name. German naval aviators of the Marine-Fliegerabteilung were an integral part of the Imperial German Navy. Both military branches operated aeroplanes, observation balloons and airships.
In the years leading up to the outbreak of World War II in Europe in 1939, there was some significant collaborative development in heavy industry between German companies and their Japanese counterparts as part of the two nation's evolving relations. This was one major factor in Japan's ability to quickly exploit raw materials in the areas of the Empire of Japan that had recently come under their military control.
Wunderwaffe is a German word meaning "wonder-weapon" and was a term assigned during World War II by Nazi Germany's propaganda ministry to some revolutionary "superweapons". Most of these weapons however remained prototypes, which either never reached the combat theater, or if they did, were too late or in too insignificant numbers to have a military effect. The V-weapons, which were developed earlier and saw considerable deployment, especially against London and Antwerp, trace back to the same pool of highly inventive armament concepts. In the German language, the term Wunderwaffe generally refers to a universal solution which solves all problems related to a particular issue, mostly used ironically for its illusionary nature.
Luft-Fahrzeug-Gesellschaft, also referred to as LFG, was a German aircraft manufacturer during World War I. They are best known for their various "Roland" designs, notably the Roland C.II Walfisch (whale), Roland D.II haifisch (Shark) and Roland D.VI, although they also produced a number of airships and many experimental designs.
References
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.232
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.233
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.234
- ↑ Grey, 1970, pp.3-5
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.235
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.236
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.237
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.238
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.240
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.239
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.241
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.242
- ↑ Grey, 1970, pp.6-8
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.243
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.244
- 1 2 Grey, 1970, pp.9-12
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.245
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.246
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.247
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.247-248
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.248
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.13-16
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.249
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.251
- ↑ "Akaflieg München Mü 18". akaflieg.vo.tu-muenchen.de. Archived from the original on 2011-07-17. Retrieved 2011-07-07.
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.252
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.17-19
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.20-23
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.254
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.24-26
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.255
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.27-30
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.256
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.31-33
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.257
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.34-35
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.36-38
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.258
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.259
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.39-44
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.45-48
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.49-52
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.260
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.261
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.262
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.263-264
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.264-265
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.266
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.267
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.268
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.269
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.53-55
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.270
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.271
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.272
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.273
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.274
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.275
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.56-58
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.276
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.277
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.278
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.279
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.280
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.59-63
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.281
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.282
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.283
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.284
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.285
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.286
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.287
- ↑ Nowarra, 1993
- 1 2 3 4 5 Gray, 1970. pp.288-290
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.314
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.315
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.316
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.317
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.318
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.319
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.320
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.79-81
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.321
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.322-323
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.324
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.325
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.326
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.322
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.327
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.328
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.329
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.330
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.331
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.332
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.333
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.337
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.334
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.339
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.341-344
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.87-90
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.91-94
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.95-97
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.102-104
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.105-108
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.109-112
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.98-101
- 1 2 3 4 Gray, 1970, pp.82-86
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.336
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.338
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.340
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.347
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.348
- 1 2 3 Gray, 1970, pp.349
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.350
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.351
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.352
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.353
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.354
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.355
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.356
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.357
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.358
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.359
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.360
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.361
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.362
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.363
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.364
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.365
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.366
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.346
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.384
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.383
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.366-367
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.368
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.117-123
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.369
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.370
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.371
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.371-372
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.373
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.374
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.375
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.124-127
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.376
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.377-378
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.379
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.380
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.381
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.113-116
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.382
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.385
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.386
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.387
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.388
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.389
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.390
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.392-393 and 395-396
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.394
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.391
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.397
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.398-399, 402 & 404-406
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.398
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.400
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.401
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.403
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.133-135 & 407-408
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.409
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.409-410
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.411
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.128-132
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.128-132 & 412-413
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.413
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.414-415
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.416
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.417
- 1 2 3 4 Gray, 1970, p.418
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.419
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.143-145
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.420
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.421
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.136-139
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.140-142
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.422
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.146-149
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.423
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.424
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.425
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.150-153
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.150-153 & 425
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.426
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.427
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.428
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.302
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.310-312
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.303
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.312
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.310
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.307
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.309
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.308
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.64-67
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.313
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.305
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.306
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.304
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.290
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.68-71
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.291
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.292
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.293
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.294
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.72-74
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.295-296
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.297
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.298
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.75-78
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.300
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.301
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.429
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.430
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.431
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.154-157
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.432
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.432 & 434
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.433
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.435
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.436
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.437
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.442
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.438
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.439
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.440
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.441
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Gray, 1970, p.443
- 1 2 3 Gray, 1970, pp.443-444
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.158-161
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.445
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.446
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.447
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.448
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.162-165
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.449
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.450
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.451
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.166-168 & 452-453
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.454-455
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.455-457
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.457
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.458
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.458-460
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.461-462
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.462
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.463
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.464
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.465
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.466
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.467
- ↑ Lange, 1986, p.75
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.469
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.470
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.471
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.169-172 & 472
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.169-172
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.474 & 478
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.173-175
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.475
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.476
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.176-178
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.179-182
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.477
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.479
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.480
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.481
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.482
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.483
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.484
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.485
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.486
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.487
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.488
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.489
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.489-490
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.490
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.491
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.491-492
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.491 & 493
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.493
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.495
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.494
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.496
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.508
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.183-186
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.497
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.498
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.183-186 & 498
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.499
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.187-190
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.500
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.501-502
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.502-503
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.191-194
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.505
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.506
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.507
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.510
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.509
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.511
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.512-514
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.514
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.523
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.195-198 & 515
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.524-525
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.525
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.516, 527
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.521-522
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.526
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.518-519
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.528-530
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.520
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.531
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.199-201
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.517
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.202-205
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.206-208
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.532
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.533
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.534
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.535
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.536
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.537
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.538
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.539
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.540-541
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.542
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.543
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.544
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.545
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.546
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.547
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.548
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.549
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.550
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.551
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.552
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.552-553
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.553
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.555
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.209-212 & 556
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.562
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.213-217 & 558-560
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.213-217 & 561
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.563
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.557
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.554
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.570
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.566
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, pp.566 & 568
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.566-567 & 569
- 1 2 3 Gray, 1970, p.567
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.569-570
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.564-565
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.571
- ↑ Skoda-Kauba Sk V5 - Model description
- ↑ Stöckel Rammschussjäger
- ↑ Stöckel Rammschussjäger - Annular manned bullet
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.572
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.573
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.574-575
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.575
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.576
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.580
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.577
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.578
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.579
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.581
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.582-583
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.582
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.583
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.584
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.585
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.218-222 & 589
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.586
- ↑ Gray, 1970, pp.590-591
- 1 2 Gray, 1970, p.587
- ↑ Gray, 1970, p.588
Bibliography
- Brown, Capt. Eric (2002). Wings of the Luftwaffe. Airlife. ISBN 978-1-85310-413-8.
- Dressel, Joachim and Griehl, Manfred. Bombers of the Luftwaffe. Arms and Armour, 1994. ISBN 1-85409-140-9.
- Dressel, Joachim and Griehl, Manfred. Fighters of the Luftwaffe. Arms and Armour Press, 1993. ISBN 1-85409-139-5.
- Donald, David (Editor) (1994). Warplanes of the Luftwaffe. London: Aerospace Publishing. ISBN 1-874023-56-5.
- Gray, Peter & Thetford, Owen. German Aircraft of the First World War”. London, Putnam. (2nd Ed.) 1970. ISBN 0-370-00103-6.
- Green, William. The Warplanes of the Third Reich. Doubleday & Co., New York. 1970.
- Nowarra, Heinz J.. Die Deutsche Luftruestung 1933-1945 - Vol.1 - AEG-Dornier. Bernard & Graefe Verlag. 1993. Koblenz. ISBN 3-7637-5464-4 (Gesamtwek), ISBN 3-7637-5465-2 (Band 1)
- Smith, J.R. and Antony L Kay. German Aircraft of the Second World War. London: Putnam, 1972. ISBN 0-85177-836-4.
- Hitler's Luftwaffe, 1990, ISBN 0-86101-005-1
- German Helicopters 1928-1945, 1990, ISBN 0-88740-289-5
- Bruno Lange: Typenhandbuch der deutschen Luftfahrttechnik. (= Die deutsche Luftfahrt. Band 9). Bernard & Graefe, Koblenz 1986, ISBN 3-7637-5284-6