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| Low Alemannic German | |
|---|---|
| Niederalemannisch | |
| Native to | Germany [1] |
| Latin (German alphabet) | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | lowa1241 |
 Areas where Alemannic German dialects are spoken Low Alemannic | |
Low Alemannic German (German : Niederalemannisch) is a branch of Alemannic German, which is part of Upper German. Its varieties are only partly intelligible to non-Alemannic speakers.
The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from High Alemannic is the retention of Germanic /k/, for instance kalt 'cold' vs. High Alemannic chalt.
The feature that distinguishes Low Alemannic from Swabian is the retention of the Middle High German monophthongs, for instance Huus 'house' vs. Swabian Hous or Ziit 'time' vs. Swabian Zejt.
(All of the below is specific to the dialects spoken near Freiburg im Breisgau)
Vowels:
| Short | Long | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Orthography | Pronunciation | Orthography | Pronunciation |
| a | [a] | aa | [aː] |
| ä | [æ] | ää | [æː] |
| è | [ɛ] | èè | [ɛː] |
| e | [e,ə] | ee | [eː] |
| i | [ɪ] | ii | [iː] |
| o | [o] | oo | [oː] |
| ù | [ʊ] | ùù | [ʊː] |
| u | [y] | uu | [yː] |
| y | [i,y] | yy | [uː] |
Consonants:
Are as in Standard German, with the following notes:
Definite Article
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom/Acc Sg | der Man | d Frau | s Kind |
| Dat Sg | im Man | (in) der Frau | im Kind |
| Nom/Acc Pl | d Mane | d Fraue | d Kinder |
| Dat Pl | (in) der Mane | (in) der Fraue | (in) der Kinder |
Indefinite Article
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom/Acc Sg | e Man | e Frau | e Kind |
| Dat Sg | im e Man | in ere Frau | im e Kind |
Plurals
Diminutives
Weak Declension
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom/Acc Sg | der groos Man | di göed Frau | s klai Kind |
| Dat Sg | im (e) groose Man | in der / in ere göede Frau | im (e) klaine Kind |
| Nom/Acc Pl | di groose Mane | di göede Fraue | di klaine Kinder |
| Dat Pl | in der groose Mane | in der göede Fraue | in der klaine Kinder |
Strong Declension
| Case | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nom/Acc Sg | göede Man | göedi Frau | göed Brood |
| Dat Sg | göedem Man | göeder Frau | göedem Brood |
| Nom/Acc Pl | groosi Mane | groosi Fraue | klaini Kinder |
| Dat Pl | in groose Mane | in groose Fraue | in klaine Kinder |
Comparative
Superlative
Irregular
| Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
|---|---|---|
| vyyl | mee | maischd |
| göed | beser | beschd |
Personal Pronouns
| English | Hochdeutsch | Alemmanisch Nom | Dative | Accusative |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | ich | ich, ii, i | miir, mir, mer | mii, mi |
| you | du | duu, du, de | diir, dir, der | dii, di |
| he | er | äär, är, er | iim, im, em | iin, in, en, e |
| she | sie | sii, si | iire, ire, ere | sii, si |
| it | es | ääs, äs, es, s | iim, im, em | ääs, äs, es, s |
| we | wir | miir, mir, mer | ùns, is | ùns, is |
| you | ihr | iir, ir, er | èich, ich | èich, ich |
| they | sie | sii, si | iine, ine, ene | sii, si |
1. Infinitive
Infinitive ends in -e
2. Participle
2.1 Prefix
2.2 Suffix
2.3 Types
2.3.1 Infinitive and Present Sg y/èi/ai - Participle i
2.3.1.1 y > i (e.g. abwyyse > abgwiise)
2.3.1.2 èi > i (e.g. verzèie > verziie)
2.3.1.3 ai > i (e.g. schaide > gschiide)
2.3.2 Infinitive and Present Sg ie/u/au/èi/i - Participle o/öu/öe
2.3.2.1 ie > o (e.g. biede > bode)
2.3.2.2 u > o (e.g. sufe > gsofe)
2.3.2.3 au > o (e.g. laufe > glofe)
2.3.2.4 èi > öu (e.g. rèie > gröue)
2.3.2.5 ie > öe (e.g. riefe > gröefe)
2.3.2.5 i > o (e.g. wiige > gwooge)
2.3.3 Infinitive and Present Sg i - Participle ù
2.3.3.1 i > u (e.g. binde > bùnde)
2.3.4 Infinitive ä/e - Present i - Participle o/u
2.3.4.1 ä - i - o (e.g. bräche > broche)
2.3.4.2 ä - i - u (e.g. hälfe > ghùlfe)
2.3.4.3 e/è - i - o (e.g. verdèèrbe > verdoorbe)
2.3.4.4 e - i - ù (e.g. schmelze > gschmùlze)
2.3.5 Infinitive ä/i - Present i - Participle ä
2.3.5.1 ä - i - ä (e.g. äse > gäse)
2.3.5.2 i - i - ä (e.g. bide > bäde)
2.3.6 Infinitive Vowel is the same as the Participle
2.3.5.1 (e.g. bache > bache; fale > gfale)
3. Conjugation
3.1 Present Tense 3.1.1 Regular Verb
| Person | Ending | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Sg | -Ø | ich mach |
| 2nd Sg | -sch | duu machsch |
| 3rd Sg | -d | är machd |
| Plural | -e | mir mache |
| Cardinal | Ordinal | Multiplicative I | Multiplicative II | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ais | èèrschd | aifach | aimool |
| 2 | zwai | zwaid | zwaifach | zwaimool |
| 3 | drèi | drid | drèifach | drèimool |
| 4 | vier | vierd | vierfach | viermool |
| 5 | fimf | fimfd | fimffach | fimfmool |
| 6 | segs | segsd | segsfach | segsmool |
| 7 | siibe | sibd | siibefach | siibemool |
| 8 | aachd | aachd | aachdfach | aachdmool |
| 9 | nyyn | nyynd | nyynfach | nyynmool |
| 10 | zee | zeend | zeefach | zeemool |
| 11 | elf | elfd | elffach | elfmool |
| 12 | zwelf | zwelfd | zwelffach | zwelfmool |
| 13 | dryzee | dryzeend | dryzeefach | dryzeemool |
| 14 | vierzee | vierzeend | vierzeefach | vierzeemool |
| 15 | fùfzee | fùfzeend | fùfzeefach | fùfzeemool |
| 16 | sächzee | sächzeend | sächzeefach | sächzeemool |
| 17 | sibzee | sibzeend | sibzeefach | sibzeemool |
| 18 | aachdzee | aachdzeend | aachdzeefach | aachdzeemool |
| 19 | nyynzee | nyynzeend | nyynzeefach | nyynzeemool |
| 20 | zwanzg | zwanzigschd | zwanzgfach | zwanzgmool |
| 21 | ainezwanzg | ainezwanzigschd | ainezwanzgfach | ainezwanzgmool |
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