S-500 missile system

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S-500 Prometheus
C-500 Прометей
S-500 rossiiskii zenitnyi raketnyi kompleks.jpg
Launch vehicle of the S-500 air defense system
TypeMobile surface-to-air missile
Place of originRussian Federation
Service history
In service16 September 2021
Used by Russian Space Forces
Production history
Designer Almaz-Antey
Manufacturer Almaz-Antey
Unit cost$2.5 billion [1]
Produced2021–present
No. built1 S-500 regiment in service [2] [3]
Specifications
Operational
range
600 km [4]

The S-500 Prometheus (Russian : C-500 Прометей), also known as 55R6M "Triumfator-M", [5] is a Russian surface-to-air missile/anti-ballistic missile system supplementing the S-400 and the A-235 ABM missile system. [6] The S-500 was developed by the Almaz-Antey Air Defence Concern. Initially planned to be in production by 2014, the first unit entered service in 2021 with the 15th Aerospace Army. [7] [8] [9] Russia claims that the S-500 is capable of intercepting all types of modern hypersonic weapons, and has claimed to have successfully tested such capability. [4] [10] [ unreliable source? ] Russia is reportedly planning to deploy the S-500 alongside the planned [11] S-550 missile system as part of its air defense network. [12] [3]

Contents

History

According to the original plans, ten S-500 battalions were to be purchased for the Russian Aerospace Defense (VKO) under the State Armament Programme 2020 (GPV-2020). [13]

As of 2013, the S-500s were intended to work in parallel with S-400s, and the systems together were planned to replace most of the S-300 missile systems. [14] The first units are planned to be deployed around the Moscow oblast and the country's central area in 2025. [6] A naval version is the likely armament for the new Lider-class destroyer, which was to enter service after 2020 but was not operational as of 2022. [15]

CEO of Rostec Corporation Sergey Chemezov declared the beginning of S-500 production on 30 June 2019. Despite that, serial production of the first 10 systems (ordered in late 2020) only began in 2021. [16] [17] In summer 2020 Sergei Surovikin, the commander of the Aerospace Forces, seemed to confirm that the S-500 system can be used to kill satellites. [18]

A new contract was signed in August 2022. [19] In October 2023, Defense News claimed that production of S-500 remained behind, being negatively affected by the sanctions against Russia and labor shortages. [1]

The cost for one S-500 system was estimated be around $700-$800 million in 2020, and up to $2.5 billion in 2023. [1]

Testing

In May 2018, Russia conducted the longest range surface-to-air missile test to date with the S-500. According to reports citing unnamed sources familiar with U.S. intelligence on the program, the S-500 was able to hit a target 482 km (300 mi) away, which is 80 km further than the previous record. [20]

In July 2021, the Russian MOD released the first public footage of a live-fire test of the new S-500 anti-ballistic missile system at Kapustin Yar. [21]

Operational history

The first S-500 prototype went on combat duty in Moscow on 13 October 2021. [12] However, it did not yet meet the full set of requirements specified by its operator, the 1st Special Purpose Air and Missile Defense Army. [1] In June 2024, Ukraine claimed the S-500 had been deployed to the Crimean peninsula to defend the Kerch Bridge. [22] In its operational debut in Ukraine, the S-500 proved unsuccessful in defending against Ukrainian launched MGM-140 ATACMS missiles. [23]

Design

The S-500 is designed for intercepting and destroying ballistic missiles, as well as hypersonic cruise missiles and aircraft. [24] With a planned range of 600 km (370 mi) for anti-ballistic missile (ABM) and 500 km (310 mi) for air defense, [25] the S-500 was envisaged to be able to detect and simultaneously engage up to 10 ballistic hypersonic targets flying at up to a maximum of 7 km/s (4.3 mi/s). [26] The altitude of a target engaged is claimed to be as high as 180–200 km (110–120 mi). [27] However, as of 2023, the S-500's ability to intercept hypersonic missiles had not yet been tested. [1] Other targets it has been announced to defend against include unmanned aerial vehicles, low Earth orbit satellites, space weapons launched from hypersonic aircraft, and hypersonic orbital platforms. [28] It is to have a response time of less than 4 seconds (compared to the S-400's of less than 10). [29]

Components

The S-500 consists of: [30]

The missiles used by the system are: [31] [32]

Export

In September 2021, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Yury Borisov said that India could be a prospective, and probably the first, S-500 customer. [33] [34] [35] [36] [37]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Starchak, Maxim (5 October 2023). "Where is Russia's S-500 air defense system?". Defense News. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  2. ↑ "S-500 enters service in Moscow region". Janes . 14 October 2021. Archived from the original on 14 October 2021.
  3. 1 2 "Russian Defence Minister announces transfer of S-500 air defence missile systems to Russian troops". Ukrainska Pravda . 23 April 2024.
  4. 1 2 Starchak, Maxim (5 October 2023). "Where is Russia's S-500 air defense system?". Defense News . Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  5. ↑ "S-500/S-1000 (Russian Federation), Defensive weapons". Jane's Strategic Weapon Systems. 10 February 2009. Archived from the original on 12 February 2010. Retrieved 11 August 2009.
  6. 1 2 "Russia to upgrade Moscow's missile defenses by year's end". DefenseNews. 29 March 2023.
  7. ↑ "Armed forces plan to get first S-500 systems in 2021. (In Russian)". Ria Novosti. 8 May 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
  8. ↑ "First batch of Russian-made S-500 system enters service — Deputy PM". TASS. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  9. ↑ "Russia Puts Its 'F-22 Killer' S-500 Missile Defense System into Mass Production as Tensions Boil over Ukraine". 25 April 2022.
  10. ↑ "The Russian Armed Forces tested the S-500 for its ability to shoot down hypersonic targets". Izvestia . 27 February 2024.
  11. ↑ Starchak, Maxim (5 October 2023). "Where is Russia's S-500 air defense system?". Defense News . Retrieved 25 January 2024. There is currently no evidence Russia has developed the S-550.
  12. 1 2 Starchak, Maxim (29 March 2023). "Russia to upgrade Moscow's missile defenses by year's end". Defense News . Retrieved 25 January 2024.
  13. ↑ "Valeriy Ivanov on VKO, S-500, S-400 | Russian Defense Policy". russiandefpolicy.wordpress.com. 24 July 2011. Retrieved 21 March 2015.
  14. ↑ "Russian Army Will Be Equipped with S-500 New Surface-to-Air Missile Defense System for 2020". Army Recognition. 28 November 2013. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  15. ↑ "New-generation missile destroyer under development in Russia". ITAR-TASS. 21 October 2014. Archived from the original on 24 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  16. ↑ "Armed forces plan to get first S-500 systems in 2021. (In Russian)". Ria Novosti. 23 February 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
  17. ↑ "Russian Defense Ministry signs contract on first 10 S-500 air defense systems — source".
  18. ↑ Hendrickx, Bart (2 November 2020). "Russia gears up for electronic warfare in space (part 2)". The Space Review.
  19. ↑ "Defense firm signs contract on delivery of S-500 air defense systems to Russian troops".
  20. ↑ "Russia's S-500 Air Defense System Reportedly Hits Target Nearly 300 Miles Away". The Warzone. JOSEPH TREVITHICK. 24 May 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2019.
  21. ↑ "Serial production of missiles for S-500 air defense systems begins in Russia — source". TASS. Retrieved 20 October 2021.
  22. ↑ Altman, Howard (12 June 2024). "S-500 Prometheus Air Defense System Now Protecting Russia's Kerch Bridge: Ukraine's Spy Boss". The War Zone. Retrieved 13 June 2024.
  23. ↑ Korshak, Stefan (24 June 2024). "ATACMS Comes Out on Top Versus Russia's S-500 Anti-Missile System". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  24. ↑ Garamone, Jim (28 July 2020). "Missile Defense Becomes Part of Great Power Competition". U.S. Department of Defense. Retrieved 29 December 2023.
  25. ↑ Ptichkin, Sergei (8 July 2014). Отстрелялись антиракетой — Идут испытания С-500 — новейшей системы ПВО-ПРО [Shot by anti-missile – Testing underway of C-500 – the modern air and missile defence system] (in Russian). rg.ru. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  26. ↑ Россия откроет производство комплексов С-500 в 2015 году [Russia will open production complexes for S-500 in 2015] (in Russian). Lenta.ru. 10 April 2012. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
  27. ↑ Vranic, Miko (27 April 2022). "Russia begins series production of S-500 air-defence system". Janes . Retrieved 26 June 2022.
  28. ↑ First regiment of S-500 new air defense missile system will protect Moscow and center of Russia. Armyrecognition.com, 21 August 2014.
  29. ↑ "S-500 Prometheus". Missile Threat. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 14 November 2014.
  30. ↑ Kopp, Carlo (15 June 2011). "Almaz-Antey S-500 Triumfator M Self Propelled Air / Missile Defence System / SA-X-NN / Самоходный Комплекс Противоракетной / Противосамолетной Обороны С-500 "Триумфатор-М"". ausairpower.net. p. 1. Retrieved 21 March 2015.
  31. ↑ "Where is Russia's S-500 air defense system?". 5 October 2023.
  32. ↑ "На уровень выше Россия откроет производство комплексов С-500 в 2015 году".
  33. ↑ "Russia exploring market for S550 missile system; all eyes on India". The Economic Times. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  34. ↑ "EXCLUSIVE: India Likely To Be The First Customer Of S-500 Missile Defense System – Russian Deputy PM". Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News. 17 September 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  35. ↑ "First batch of Russian-made S-500 system enters service — Deputy PM". TASS. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  36. ↑ "Government speculation: India may buy S-500 missile system". 17 September 2021. Retrieved 7 December 2021.
  37. ↑ "India Could Potentially Become 1st Buyer Of Russias S-500 Missile System - Borissov". UrduPoint. Retrieved 7 December 2021.

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