Sodium antimonide

Sodium antimonide

Names
Other names trisodium antimony trisodium antimonide trisodium monoantimonide
Identifiers
CAS Number	12058-86-5  Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	32816441
ECHA InfoCard	100.031.835
EC Number	235-032-6
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXCID601023970
InChI InChI=1S/3Na.Sb/q3*+1;-3 Key: HSCHZFSFOSYHOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Sb-3]
Properties
Chemical formula	Na3Sb
Molar mass	190.729 g·mol−1
Appearance	bluish-black crystals
Density	2.6 g/cm3
Melting point	856 °C (1,573 °F; 1,129 K)
Solubility in water	reacts with water
Related compounds
Related compounds	Potassium antimonide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Sodium antimonide is a binary inorganic compound with the molecular formula Na₃Sb. ^{[1] [2]}

Synthesis

The compound is often synthesized by fusing the elements together ^[3] at 900 °C in an inert atmosphere (e.g. argon), resulting in a crystalline phase that facilitates Li or Na-ion storage.

3Na + Sb → Na₃Sb

Physical properties

The compound forms bluish-black cystals of the hexagonal crystal system, space group P6₃/mmc, cell parameters a = 0.532 nm, c = 0.947 nm, Z = 2. ^{[4] [5]}

At high pressures (3 GPa), the transition to the cubic system occurs.

Chemical properties

Sodium antimonide reacts with water: ^[6]

Na₃Sb + 3H₂O → H₃Sb + 3NaOH

Uses

The compound is known for its application as a high-capacity, rechargeable anode material in sodium-ion batteries. ^[7]

It is also used as a light-emitting component in photocathodes. ^{[8] [9]}

References

1. RCA Review: A Technical Journal ... Radio Corporation of America. 1967. p. 96. Retrieved 25 January 2026.
2. Surface Modification of Metals by Ion Beams - 6: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Surface Modification of Metals by Ion Beams, Riva Del Garda, Italy, September 12-16, 1988. Elsevier Science Publishers. 1989. p. 162. ISBN   978-1-85166-996-7 . Retrieved 25 January 2026.
3. Morgan, Sir Gilbert Thomas (1918). Organic Compounds of Arsenic & Antimony. Longmans, Green, and Company. p. 308. Retrieved 25 January 2026.
4. "Na₃Sb mp-7956". Materials Project . Retrieved 25 January 2026.
5. Memoir. The Society. 1934. p. 442. Retrieved 25 January 2026.
6. Jacobson, Carl Alfred; Hampel, Clifford A. (1946). Encyclopedia of Chemical Reactions. Reinhold Publishing Corporation. p. 198. ISBN   978-0-598-84358-6 . Retrieved 25 January 2026.
7. He, Jun; Wei, Yaqing; Zhai, Tianyou; Li, Huiqiao (2018). "Antimony-based materials as promising anodes for rechargeable lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries". Materials Chemistry Frontiers. 2 (3): 437–455. doi:10.1039/C7QM00480J.
8. Philips Technical Review. Philips Research Laboratory. 1982. p. 21. Retrieved 25 January 2026.
9. Ettema, A. R. H. F.; de Groot, R. A. (15 April 2000). "Electronic structure of Na₃⁢Sb and Na₂⁢KSb". Physical Review B . 61 (15): 10035–10039. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.61.10035. ISSN   0163-1829 . Retrieved 25 January 2026.