Vibrio alginolyticus

Vibrio alginolyticus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Kingdom:	Pseudomonadati
Phylum:	Pseudomonadota
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Order:	Vibrionales
Family:	Vibrionaceae
Genus:	Vibrio
Species:	V. alginolyticus
Binomial name
Vibrio alginolyticus (Miyamoto et al. 1961) Sakazaki 1968
Type strain
ATCC 17749 CAIM 516 CCUG 4989 and 13445 and 16315 CIP 103336 and 75.3 DSM 2171 LMG 4409 NBRC 15630 NCCB 71013 and 77003 NCTC 12160
Synonyms
Oceanomonas alginolyticaMiyamoto et al. 1961 Beneckea alginolytica(Miyamoto et al. 1961) Baumann et al. 1971 Pseudomonas creosotensisO'Neill et al. 1961

Vibrio alginolyticus is a Gram-negative marine bacterium. ^{[1] [2]} It is medically important since it causes otitis and wound infection. ^[1] It is also present in the bodies of animals such as pufferfish, where it is responsible for the production of the potent neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin. ^[3]

Vibrio alginolyticus are commonly found in aquatic environments. Some strains of V. alginolyticus are highly salt tolerant and commonly found in marine environment. S.I. Paul et al. (2021) ^[2] isolated and identified many strains of Vibrio alginolyticus from nine marine sponges of the Saint Martin's Island Area of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.

V. alginolyticus was first identified as a pathogen of humans in 1973. It occasionally causes eye, ear, and wound infections. It is a highly salt-tolerant species and can grow in salt concentrations of 10%. Most clinical isolates come from superinfected wounds that become contaminated at the beach. Tetracycline is typically an effective treatment. V. alginolyticus is rare cause of bacteremia in immunocompromised hosts. ^[4]

Biochemical characteristics of V. alginolyticus

Colony, morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of Vibrio alginolyticus are shown in the Table below. ^[2]

Test type	Test	Characteristics
Colony characters	Size	Medium
	Type	Round
	Color	Whitish
	Shape	Convex
Morphological characters	Shape	Vibrio
Physiological characters	Motility	+
	Growth at 6.5% NaCl	+
Biochemical characters	Gram's staining	–
	Oxidase	+
	Catalase	+
	Oxidative-Fermentative	Fermentative
	Motility	+
	Methyl Red	+
	Voges-Proskauer	+
	Indole	–
	H2S Production	–
	Urease	–
	Nitrate reductase	–
	β-Galactosidase	+
Hydrolysis of	Gelatin	+
	Aesculin	–
	Casein	–
	Tween 40	+
	Tween 60	+
	Tween 80	+
Acid production from	Glycerol	+
	Galactose	–
	D-Glucose	+
	D-Fructose	+
	D-Mannose	+
	Mannitol	+
	N-Acetylglucosamine	+
	Amygdalin	+
	Maltose	+
	D-Melibiose	–
	D-Trehalose	+
	Glycogen	+
	D-Turanose	+

Note: + = Positive, – =Negative

References

1. Reilly, G D; Reilly, C A; Smith, E G; Baker-Austin, C (2011). "Vibrio alginolyticus-associated wound infection acquired in British waters, Guernsey, July 2011" (PDF). Euro Surveill. 16 (42). doi:10.2807/ese.16.42.19994-en. PMID   22027377.
2. Paul, Sulav Indra; Rahman, Md. Mahbubur; Salam, Mohammad Abdus; Khan, Md. Arifur Rahman; Islam, Md. Tofazzal (2021-12-15). "Identification of marine sponge-associated bacteria of the Saint Martin's island of the Bay of Bengal emphasizing on the prevention of motile Aeromonas septicemia in Labeo rohita" . Aquaculture. 545 737156. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737156. ISSN   0044-8486.
3. Noguchi, T; Hwang, D F; Arakawa, O; Sugita, H; Deguchi, Y; Shida, Y; Hashimoto, K (1987). "Vibrio alginolyticus, a tetrodotoxin-producing bacterium, in the intestines of the fish Fugu vermicularis vermicularis". Marine Biology. 94 (4): 625–630. doi:10.1007/BF00431409. S2CID   84437298.
4. Longo, Dan, et al. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 18th edition. McGraw-Hill Professional, 2011.

External links

• Type strain of Vibrio alginolyticus at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase