45th New Zealand Parliament

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45th Parliament of New Zealand
44th Parliament 46th Parliament
Parliament House, Wellington, New Zealand (50).JPG
Overview
Legislative body New Zealand Parliament
Term12 December 1996 – 5 October 1999
Election 1996 New Zealand general election
Government Fourth National Government
House of Representatives
45th New Zealand Parliament Seating.png
Members120
Speaker of the House Doug Kidd
Leader of the House Roger Sowry
Wyatt Creech until 31 August 1998
Prime Minister Jenny Shipley
Jim Bolger until 8 December 1997
Leader of the Opposition Helen Clark
Sovereign
Monarch Elizabeth II
Governor-General Michael Hardie Boys

The 45th New Zealand Parliament was a term of the Parliament of New Zealand. Its composition was determined by the 1996 election, and it sat until the 1999 election.

Contents

The 45th Parliament was notable in that it was the first to be elected under the new MMP electoral system, a form of proportional representation. It was also notable for the fact that it was the first New Zealand Parliament to have an Asian person, Pansy Wong, elected to it. The difference between the 45th Parliament and its predecessor were considerable the 44th Parliament had opened with only four seats being held by minor parties, but at the opening of the 45th Parliament, minor parties held thirty-nine seats. Because of the considerably altered balance of power in Parliament, neither of the two major parties could govern alone, and New Zealand First, the largest of the four other parties in Parliament, was put in the position of "kingmaker". In the end, New Zealand First opted for a coalition with the National Party which had governed in the previous Parliament, marking the first coalition government in New Zealand for over half a century. [1] The Labour Party continued in Opposition.

The 45th Parliament consisted of one hundred and twenty representatives. Sixty-five of these representatives were chosen by geographical electorates, including five Māori electorates. The remainder were elected by means of party-list proportional representation under the MMP electoral system.

Electoral boundaries for the 45th Parliament

NewZealandElectorates1996-Labeled.png

Overview of seats

The table below shows the number of MPs in each party following the 1996 election and at dissolution:

AffiliationMembers
At 1996 election At dissolution
National 4444
NZ First 1 17In opposition
Mauri Pacific 2 5
Te Tawharau 2 1
Mana Wahine 2 1
Independent 2 1
ACT 3 In opposition8
United NZ 3 In opposition1
Government total6161
Labour 3737
Alliance 4 1311
NZ First In government9
ACT 8With government
United NZ 1With government
Christian Heritage 1
Independent 1
Opposition total5959
Total
120120
Working Government majority22

[2]

Notes

Initial composition of the 45th Parliament

45th New Zealand Parliament – MPs elected to Parliament

List MPs are ordered by allocation as determined by the Chief Electoral Office [3] and the party lists.

PartyNameElectorateTerm
National Murray McCully Albany
Labour Jim Sutton Aoraki
Labour Judith Tizard Auckland Central
National David Carter Banks Peninsula
National Tony Ryall Bay of Plenty
Labour Tim Barnett Christchurch Central
Labour Larry Sutherland Christchurch East
National Bill English Clutha-Southland
National Murray McLean Coromandel
Labour Pete Hodgson Dunedin North
Labour Michael Cullen Dunedin South
National Christine Fletcher Epsom
National Tony Steel Hamilton East
National Bob Simcock Hamilton West
National Warren Kyd Hunua
Labour Trevor Mallard Hutt South
National Gerry Brownlee Ilam
Labour Mark Peck Invercargill
National Doug Kidd Kaikōura
National John Luxton Karapiro
Labour Janet Mackey Mahia
Labour Graham Kelly Mana
Labour Taito Phillip Field Mangere
Labour Ross Robertson Manukau East
Labour George Hawkins Manurewa
National Belinda Vernon Maungakiekie
Labour Geoff Braybrooke Napier
National Nick Smith Nelson
Labour Phil Goff New Lynn
Labour Harry Duynhoven New Plymouth
National Wayne Mapp North Shore
National Ian Revell Northcote
National John Carter Northland
United NZ Peter Dunne Ohariu-Belmont
National Gavan Herlihy Otago
Labour Judy Keall Otaki
Labour Helen Clark Owairaka
National Maurice Williamson Pakuranga
Labour Steve Maharey Palmerston North
National Bill Birch Port Waikato
National Jenny Shipley Rakaia
National Denis Marshall Rangitikei
Labour Paul Swain Rimutaka
National Lockwood Smith Rodney
Labour Annette King Rongotai
National Max Bradford Rotorua
National Clem Simich Tamaki
National Jim Bolger Taranaki-King Country
Labour Mark Burton Taupo
NZ First Winston Peters Tauranga
Labour Rick Barker Tukituki
Labour Mike Moore Waimakariri
National Brian Neeson Waipareira
National Wyatt Creech Wairarapa
National Marie Hasler Waitakere
ACT Richard Prebble Wellington Central
Labour Damien O'Connor West Coast-Tasman
Labour Jill Pettis Whanganui
National John Banks Whangarei
Alliance Jim Anderton Wigram
NZ First Rana Waitai Te Puku O Te Whenua
NZ First Tuku Morgan Te Tai Hauāuru
NZ First Tuariki Delamere Te Tai Rawhiti
NZ First Tau Henare Te Tai Tokerau
NZ First Tu Wyllie Te Tai Tonga
Alliance Sandra Lee Party list, rank 02
ACT Derek Quigley Party list, rank 02
Alliance Jeanette Fitzsimons Party list, rank 03
Alliance John Wright Party list, rank 04
ACT Ken Shirley Party list, rank 03
Alliance Frank Grover Party list, rank 05
NZ First Ann Batten Party list, rank 03
Alliance Pam Corkery Party list, rank 06
NZ First Peter McCardle Party list, rank 04
ACT Donna Awatere Huata Party list, rank 04
NZ First Jenny Bloxham Party list, rank 05
Alliance Matt Robson Party list, rank 07
NZ First Brian Donnelly Party list, rank 06
ACT Patricia Schnauer Party list, rank 05
Alliance Laila Harré Party list, rank 08
NZ First Jack Elder Party list, rank 07
Alliance Phillida Bunkle Party list, rank 08
NZ First Doug Woolerton Party list, rank 08
National Don McKinnon Party list, rank 02
ACT Owen Jennings Party list, rank 06
National Paul East Party list, rank 05
NZ First Deborah Morris Party list, rank 09
Labour Dover Samuels Party list, rank 03
Alliance Rod Donald Party list, rank 10
National Doug Graham Party list, rank 06
Labour Lianne Dalziel Party list, rank 04
National Georgina te Heuheu Party list, rank 07
Labour Mark Gosche Party list, rank 05
NZ First Ron Mark Party list, rank 11
National Katherine O'Regan Party list, rank 10
Alliance Grant Gillon Party list, rank 11
Labour Jonathan Hunt Party list, rank 07
National Simon Upton Party list, rank 11
ACT Rodney Hide Party list, rank 07
National Joy McLauchlan Party list, rank 13
Labour Nanaia Mahuta Party list, rank 08
NZ First Neil Kirton Party list, rank 13
National Roger Sowry Party list, rank 15
Labour Jill White Party list, rank 09
National Jim Gerard Party list, rank 17
Alliance Alamein Kopu Party list, rank 12
Labour Marian Hobbs Party list, rank 12
NZ First Peter Brown Party list, rank 13
National Arthur Anae Party list, rank 19
Labour Joe Hawke Party list, rank 15
National Eric Roy Party list, rank 23
Labour Dianne Yates Party list, rank 16
National Peter Gresham Party list, rank 24
ACT Muriel Newman Party list, rank 08
NZ First Robyn McDonald Party list, rank 14
Alliance Liz Gordon Party list, rank 13
National Roger Maxwell Party list, rank 25
Labour Ruth Dyson Party list, rank 19
National Pansy Wong Party list, rank 26
Labour Tariana Turia Party list, rank 20

By-elections during 45th Parliament

There was one by-election held during the term of the 45th Parliament. [4]

Electorate and by-electionDateIncumbentCauseWinner
Taranaki-King Country 1998 2 May Jim Bolger Resignation; appointed ambassador to Washington Shane Ardern

Summary of changes during term

See also

References

  1. "1996 and beyond – the road to MMP – The road to MMP | NZHistory, New Zealand history online". nzhistory.govt.nz. Retrieved 9 May 2018.
  2. "1996 GENERAL ELECTION – OFFICIAL RESULTS AND STATISTICS". www.electionresults.govt.nz. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
  3. "Part III – Party Lists of Successful Registered Parties" (PDF). Retrieved 20 October 2020.
  4. "1998 Taranaki-King Country By-election – 2 May 1998". www.electionresults.govt.nz. Retrieved 11 May 2018.