English name

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English names are personal names used in, or originating in, England. In England, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of one or more given names, commonly referred to as first names, and a (most commonly patrilineal, rarely matrilineal) family name or surname, also referred to as a last name. The given names after the first are often referred to as middle names. [1]

Contents

Given names

Few given names used in England have English derivations. Many names are of Hebrew (Daniel, David, Elizabeth, Susan) or Greek (Nicholas, Dorothy, George, and Helen) origin. Some are Germanic names, sometimes adopted via the transmission of French (Robert, Richard, Gertrude, Charlotte) or originate from Indo-European (Adrian, Amelia, Patrick) or Celtic.

A small fraction of given names has an actual English derivation (see Anglo-Saxon names), such as Alfred, Ashley, Edgar, Edmund, Edward, Edwin, Harold and Oswald. A distinctive feature of Anglophone names is the surnames of important families used as given names, originally to indicate political support or patronage. Many examples have now become normal names chosen because parents like them, and any political sense lost. Most are male names like Cecil, Gerald[ citation needed ], Howard, Percy, Montague, Stanley or Gordon, though some of those some have female versions like Cecilia or Geraldine. Other languages have few equivalents, although the saint's surname Xavier is often used by Roman Catholics.

During the majority of the 19th century, the most popular given names were Mary for girls and either John or William for boys. Throughout the Early Modern period, the diversity of given names was comparatively small; the three most popular male given names represented nearly 50% of the male population throughout this period. For example, of the boys born in London in the year 1510, 24.4% were named John, 13.3% were named Thomas and 11.7% were named William. [2] A trend towards more diversity in given names began in the mid-19th century, and by 1900, only 22.9% of the newborn boys, and 16.2% of the newborn girls in the UK shared the top three given names for each gender. The trend continued during the 20th century, and by 1994, these figures had fallen to 11% and 8.6%, respectively. This trend is a result of a combination of greater individualism in the choice of names, and the increasing ethnic heterogeneity of the UK population, which led to a wider range of frequent given names from non-European traditions. Oliver and Olivia were the most popular baby names in England and Wales [3] in 2018.

Translations

Translations of male English given names
EnglishFrenchGermanGreekItalianPortugueseSpanish
AaronAaronAaronAarónAronneArãoAarón
AbelAbelAbelÁvel-AbelAbel
AbrahamAbrahamAbrahamAvraámAbramoAbraãoAbraham
AbnerAbner---AbnerAbner
Absalom-Absalom-AssalonneAbsalãoAbsalón
AdamAdamAdamAdám-AdãoAdán
Adel-Adel----
Adlai----Adlai-
AdolphAdolpheAdolf-AdolfoAdolfoAdolfo
AdrianAdrienAdrianAdrianósAdrianoAdrianoAdrián
Aidan----Áidano-
AlanAlain-AlanósAlanoAlanAlano
AlbertAlbertAlbertAlvértosAlbertoAlbertoAlberto
AlexanderAlexandreAlexanderAléxandrosAlessandroAlexandreAlejandro
AlexiosAlexiosAlexiosAléxiosAlessioAleixoAlejo
AlexAlexisAlexisAléxisAlessi-Alej
AlfredAlfredAlfred-AlfredoAlfredoAlfredo
AlphonseAlphonseAlfons-AlfonsoAfonsoAlfonso
AlvinAlvinAlbwinÁlvinAlvinAlvinAlvin
AmadeusAmédéeAmadeusAmedaíosAmedeoAmadeuAmadeo
Ambrose-AmbrosiusAmvrósiosAmbrogioAmbrósioAmbrosio
AmosAmosAmos-AmosAmósAmós
AnastasiusAnastase-AnastásiosAnastasioAnastácioAnastásio
AndrewAndréAndreasAndréasAndreaAndréAndrés
Angel AngeEngelÁngelosAngeloAnjoÁngel
Angus------
AnthonyAntoineAntonAntóniosAntonioAntônioAntonio
ArcadiusArcadiusArkadiusArkádiosArcadioArcádioArcadio
Archangel ArchangeErzengelArchángelosArcangeloArcanjoArcángel
Archibald ArchambaultArchibaldArchívaldosArcibaldoArquibaldoArchibaldo
ArnoldArnaudArnold-ArnoldoArnaldoArnoldo
ArnulfArnoulArnolf-ArnolfoArnulfoArnulfo
ArthurArthurArthur-ArturoArturArturo
AsherAserAscher-AserAserAser
AustinAugustinAugustAvgoustínosAgostinoAgostinhoAgustín
BartholomewBarthélemyBartholomäusVartholomaíosBartolomeoBartolomeuBartolomé
BasilBasilicBasilikumVasilikósBasilicoManjericãoAlbahaca
BenedictBénédictBenediktVenédiktosBenedettoBeneditoBenito
BenjaminBenjaminBenjaminVeniamínBeniaminoBenjamimBenjamin
BennettBénédictBenediktVenédiktosBenedettoBeneditoBenito
BernardBernardBernhardVernárdosBernardoBernardoBernardo
BillyGuillaumeWilhelmGouliélmosGuglielmoGuilhermeGuillermo
Brian--Bráian---
Bruce--Vroútios---
CalebCalebKaleb-CalebCalebeCaleb
CarlomanCarlomanKarlmann-CarlomannoCarlomanoCarlomán
CharlesCharlesKarlKárolosCarloCarlosCarlos
ChristianChristianChristianChristianósCristianoCristianoCristián
ChristopherChristopheChristophChristóforosCristoforoCristóvãoCristóball
ClaudeClaude--ClaudioCláudioClaudio
Connor------
ConradConradKonrad-CorradoConradoConrado
ConstantineConstantinKonstantinKonstantínosCostantinoConstantinoConstantino
CorneliusCornéliusCorneliusKorníliosCornelioCornélioCornelio
CyrilCyrilleKyrillKýrillosCirilloCiriloCirilo
DamianDamienDamianDamianósDamianoDamiãoDamián
DanielDanielDanielDaniílDanieleDanielDaniel
DavidDavidDavidDavídDavideDaviDavid
DemetriusDimitriDemetriusDimítriosDemetrioDemétrioDemetrio
DennisDenisDennisDionýsiosDionisioDionísioDionisio
DerekThierryDietrichTheodórichosTeodoricoTeodoricoTeodorico
DominicDominiqueDominikDomínikosDomenicoDomingosDomingo
DonaldDonaldDonaldDónaldos--Donaldo
Douglas----Douglas-
Dwayne------
DwightDenisDennisDionýsiosDionisioDionísioDionisio
Ebenezer--Empenízer---
EdmundEdmondEdmund-EdmundoEdmundoEdmundo
EdgarEdgarEdgar-EdgardoEdgarEdgar
EdwardÉdouardEduardEdouárdosEdoardoEduardoEduardo
Edwin-Otwin---Edvino
EliÉliEli-EliEliEli
ElijahÉlieEliasIlíasEliaElíasElías
ElliottÉlieEliasIlíasEliaElíasElías
Elmer-Elmar----
EmmanuelEmmanuelEmanuelEmmanouílEmanueleManuelManuel
EmilÉmileEmilAimíliosEmilioEmilioEmilio
EmoryÉmericEmmerich-Amerigo--
EnochHénoch-EnóchEnoch-Enoc
EphraimÉphraïmEphraimEfraímEfraimEfraimEfraín
EricÉricErichErríkosEricoÉricoErico
ErnestErnestErnstErnéstosErnestoErnestoErnesto
Ethan-Etan----
EugeneEugèneEugenEvgéniosEugenioEugênioEugenio
EustaceEustacheEustachiusEfstáchyosEustachioEustácioEustaquio
EvansEvangelos-EvángelosEvangelo--
EzekielÉzéchielEzechiel-EzechieleEzequielEzequiel
EzraEsdrasEsra-ÉsdraEsdrasEsdras
FelixFélixFelix-FeliceFélixFélix
FrancisFrançoisFranzFrangiskosFrancescoFranciscoFrancisco
FrederickFrédéricFriedrichFrideríkosFedericoFredericoFederico
GabrielGabrielGabrielGavriílGabrieleGabrielGabriel
Gary------
GavinGabinGabinus-GavinoGavinoGabino
GeorgeGeorgesGeorgGeórgiosGiorgioJorgeJorge
GeraldGéraldGerhold-GiraldoGeraldoGeraldo
GerardGérardGerhard-GerardoGerardoGerardo
GilesGillesÄgidiusAigidiósEgidioEgídioEgidio
GregoryGrégoireGregorGrigóriosGregorioGregórioGregorio
GuyGuyGuido-GuidoGuidoGuido
HaroldHaroudHarald-AroldoHaroldoHaroldo
HarveyHervé-Charívios---
Hector--ÉktorEttoreHeitorHector
HenryHenriHeinrichEnríkosEnricoHenriqueEnrique
HerbertHerbertHeribert-ErbertoHerbertoHerberto
HermanArmandHermannArmándosArmandoArmandoArmando
Herschel-Herschel----
HezekiahÉzéchiasEzechias-EzechiaEzequiasEzequías
HiramHiramHiram-HiramHirãoHiram
Homer--ÓmirosOmeroHomero-
HonoriusHonoréHonorius-OnorioHonórioHonorio
HoraceHoraceHoraz--HorácioHoracio
HowardHouardHoward-HovardHowardHoward
HubertHubertHubertOuvértosUbertoHubertoHuberto
HughHuguesHugo-UgoHugoHugo
IsaacIsaacIsaakIsaákIsaccoIsaacIsaac
IsaiahIsaïeIsaiasIsaíasIsaiaIsaíasIsaías
Isidore--IsídorosIsidoroIsidoroIsidoro
IsraelIsraëlIsrael-IsraeleIsraelIsrael
JackJacquesHansGiánnisGianniJucaJuan
JacobJacobJakobIákovosGiacobbeJacóJacobo
JamesJacquesJakobIákovosGiacomoThiagoSantiago
JaredYaredJered-IaredJaredeJared
JasonJasonJasonIásonGiasoneJasãoJasón
JeffreyGeoffroyGottfried-GoffredoGodofredoGodofredo
JeremiahJérémieJeremiasIeremíasGeremiaJeremiasJeremías
JeromeJérômeHieronymusIerónymosGerolamoJerônimoJerónimo
JesseJesséIsaiIessaíasIesseJesséJesé
JesusJésusJesusIisoúsGesùJesusJesús
Jethro----Jetro-
JobJobHiobIóvGiobbeJóJob
JohnJeanJohannIoánnisGiovanniJoãoJuan
John BaptistJean-BaptisteJohann Baptist-Giovanni Battista-Juan Bautista
John CalvinJean CalvinJohann KalvinIoánnis KalvínosGiovanni CalvinoJoão CalvinoJuan Calvino
JonahJonasJonaIonásGionaJonasJonás
JonasJonasJonaIonásGionaJonasJonás
JonathanJonathanJonatanIonáthanGionatanJônatasJonatán
JosephJosephJosefIosífGiuseppeJoséJosé
JoshuaJosuéJosuaIisoúsGiosuèJosuéJosué
JosiahJosiasJosia-GiosiaJosiasJosías
JudahJudaJuda-GiudaJudáJudá
JulianJulienJulianIoulianósGiulianoJulianoJulián
JuliusJulesJuliusIouliosGiulioJúlioJulio
Julius CaesarJules CésarJulius CäsarIoulios KaísarGiulio CesareJúlio CésarJulio César
Kenneth--KenéthCanizioKennethKenneth
KevinKevinKevinKévin-KevinKevin
LawrenceLaurentLorenzLavrentiosLorenzoLaurêncioLorenzo
LazarusLazareLazarusLázarosLazzaroLázaroLázaro
LeonLéonLeoLéonLeoneLeãoLeón
LeonardLéonardLeonhardLeonárdosLeonardoLeonardoLeonardo
Leopold LéopoldLeopoldLeopóldosLeopoldoLeopoldoLeopoldo
LeviLéviLevi-LeviLeviLeví
LothairLothaireLothar-LotarioLotárioLotario
LouisLouisLudwigLoízosLuigiLuísLuis
LukeLucLukasLoukásLucaLucasLucas
Marianos--MariánnosMarianoMarianoMariano
MarkMarcMarkusMárkosMarcoMarcosMarcos
MartinMartinMartinMartínosMartinoMartinhoMartín
Martin LutherMartin LutherMartin LutherMartínos LothirosMartino LuteroMartinho LuteroMartín Lutero
Marvin-Marwin---Marvin
MatthewMatthieuMatthiasMatthaíosMatteoMateusMateo
MauriceMauriceMoritzMavríkiosMaurizioMaurícioMauricio
Melvin-----Melvin
MicahMichéeMichaMichaíasMicheaMiqueiasMiqueas
MichaelMichelMichaelMichaílMicheleMiguelMiguel
MorrisMauriceMoritzMavríkiosMaurizioMaurícioMauricio
MosesMoïseMoseMoysísMosèMoisésMoisés
NathanNathanNatanNáthanNatanNatãNatán
NathanielNathanaël-NathanaílNataniele--
NicholasNicolasNikolausNikólaosNiccolòNicolauNicolás
NoahNoéNoachNoeNoèNoéNoé
OctavianOctaveOktavianOktavianósOttavioOtávioOctavio
OliverOlivierOliverÓthfesOlivieroOlívioÓliver
OrestesOresteOrestOréstisOresteOrestesOrestés
OrpheusOrphéeOrpheusOrféasOrfeoOrfeuOrfeo
OscarOscarOskar-OscarÓscarÓscar
OswaldOsvaldOswald-OsvaldoOsvaldoOsvaldo
OttoOttonOttoÓthonOttoneOtãoOtón
PatrickPatricePatrickPatríkiosPatrizioPatrícioPatricio
PaulPaulPaulPávlosPaoloPauloPablo
PerfectusParfaitPerfectus---Perfecto
PeterPierrePeterPétrosPietroPedroPedro
PhaedonPhédon-FaídonFedone-Fedón
PhilipPhilippePhilippFílipposFilippoFilipeFelipe
PhineasPhinéePinchas-FineasFineiasFineas
PlutarchPlutarquePlutarchPloútarchosPlutarcoPlutarcoPlutarco
ProsperProsperProsper-ProsperoPrósperoPróspero
QuentinQuentinQuintinKoïntínosQuintinoQuintinoQuintin
RandolphRandolphRandolf-Randolfo--
RalphRaoulRalph-RaulRaulRaúl
RaphaelRaphaëlRaphaelRafaílRaffaeleRafaelRafael
RaymondRaymondRaimundRaÿmóndos-RaimundoRamón
ReubenRubenRuben-RubenRubemRubén
RichardRichardRichardRichárdosRiccardoRicardoRicardo
RobertRobertRobertRovertosRobertoRobertoRoberto
RoderickRodrigueRoderichRodrícoRodrigoRodrigoRodrigo
RogerRogerRutgerRogírosRuggeroRogérioRogelio
RolandRolandRolandRolándosOrlandoRolandoRoldán
RudolphRodolpheRudolfRodólfosRodolfoRodolfoRodolfo
Rufus--Roúfos---
RupertRupertRuprechtRovertosRupertoRupertoRuperto
SamsonSamsonSimsonSampsónSansoneSansãoSansón
SamuelSamuelSamuelSamouílSamueleSamuelSamuel
SaulSaülSaul-SaulSauloSaúl
Scott------
SebastianSébastienSebastianSevastósSebastianoSebastiãoSebastián
SethSethSet-SetSeteSet
SigmundSigismondSigismund-Sigismondo--
SimeonSiméonSimeonSymeónSimeoneSimeãoSimeón
SimonSimonSimonSymeónSimoneSimãoSimón
SolomonSalomonSalomoSolomónSalomoneSalomãoSalomón
SpyrusSpyridon-SpyrídonSpiridione-Spiridión
StanislausStanislasStanislaus-StanislaoEstanislauEstanislao
StanleyStanislasStanislaus-StanislaoEstanislauEstanislao
StephenStéphaneStephanStéfanosStefanoEstevãoEsteban
TammyAthanaseAthanasiusAthanásiosAtanasioAtanásioAtanasio
TheodoreThéodoreTheodorTheódorosTeodoroTeodoroTeodoro
ThomasThomasThomasThomásTommasoTomásTomás
TimothyTimothéeTimotheusTimótheosTimoteoTimóteoTimoteo
TobiasTobie-TovíasTobia-Tobías
UlrichUlrichUlrich-UlricoUlricoUdalrico
UlyssesUlysseOdysseusOdysséasUlisseUlissesUlises
ValentineValentinValentinValentínosValentinoValentimValentin
VangelVangélis-VangélisVangeli--
VictorVictorViktorVíktorasVittorioVítorVíctor
VincentVincentVinzenzVikéntiosVincenzoVicenteVicente
WalterGautierWalther-GualtieroGualtérioGualterio
WilliamGuillaumeWilhelmGouliélmosGuglielmoGuilhermeGuillermo
XavierXavierXaverXavériosSaverioXavierJavier
ZacharyZacharieZachariasZacharíasZaccariaZacariasZacarías
Translations of female English given names
EnglishFrenchGermanGreekHungarianItalianPortugueseSpanish
AlexandraAlexandraAlexandraAlexándraAlexandraAlessandraAlexandraAlejandra
Alice AliceAliceAlíkiAliceAliceAliceAlicia
AmyAimée-AmántaAmántaAmataAmadaAmada
AgnesAgnèsAgnesAgníÁgnesAgneseInêsInés
AnastasiaAnastasie-Anastasía-AnastasiaAnastáciaAnastásia
AngelaAngèleAngelaÁngelaAngélaÁngelaÂngelaÁngela
AngelicaAngéliqueAngelika-AngyalkaAngelicaAngélicaAngélica
Angie AngéliqueAngelikaAngelikí-ÁngelaÂngelaÁngela
AnnAnneAnnaÁnnaAnnaAnnaAnaAna
AnnabelAnnabelle----AnabelaAnabel
AnnmarieAnnemarieAnnamariaAnnamaría-AnnamariaAnamariaAnamaria
AntoniaAntoinette-Antonía-AntonellaAntônia-
BarbaraBarbeBarbaraVarváraBorbálaBarbaraBárbaraBárbara
BaselBâleBaselVasileíaBázelBasileaBasiliaBasilia
CatherineCatherineKatarinaEkateríniKatalinCaterinaCatarinaCatalina
CharlotteCharlotteCharlotte-SaroltaCarlottaCarlotaCarlota
ChristineChristineChristinaChristínaKrisztinaCristinaCristinaCristina
DaniellaDanielleDanielaDaniéla-DanielaDanielaDaniela
DorothyDorothéeDorotheaDorothéaDorottyaDoroteaDoroteiaDorotea
EleanorÉléonoreEleonoraEleonóraEleonóraEleonoraLeonorLeonor
ElizabethÉlisabethElisabethElisávetErzsébetElisabettaElisabete/IsabelElisabet/Isabella
EugeniaEugénie-Eugenía-EugeniaEugêniαEugenia
EmmanuellaEmmanuelle-Emmanouilía-EmanuelaManoelaManuela
EmeraldÉmeraudeSmaragdSmarágda-EsmeraldaEsmeraldaEsmeralda
Evangelie ÉvangélineEvangelinaEvangelía-Evangelina-Evangelina
EvaÉvaEvaÉvaÉvaEvaEvaEva
EveÉveEveÉvi / ParaskevíÉveEveEveEve
Fayelumineuse-Foteiní-luminosa-luminosa
FelicityFélicitéFelicitas-FelicitásFelicitaFelicidadeFelicidad
FrancesFrançoiseFranziskaFrangiskaFranciskaFrancescaFranciscaFrancisca
FredericaFrédériqueFriedericaFrideríki-FedericaFredericaFederica
GabrielaGabrielleGabrielaGavriéla-GabrielaGabrielaGabriela
HelenHélèneHelenaEléniIlonaElenaHelenaElena
JoannaJeanneJohannaIoánna-GiovannaJoanaJuana
JosephaJosèpheJosepha-JozefaGiuseppaJosefaJosefa
JosephineJoséphineJosephineIosifínaJozefinaGiuseppinaJosefinaJosefina
LouiseLouiseLouisaLouízaLujzaLuisaLuísaLuisa
LucyLucieLuciaLoukíaLucaLuciaLúciaLucía
MagdaleneMadeleineMagdalenaMagdaliníMagdalénaMaddalenaMadalenaMagdalena
MargaretMargueriteMargaretaMargarítaMargarétaMargheritaMargaridaMargarita
MarianaMarianne-Mariánna-MarianaMarianaMariana
MarinaMarineMarinaMarína-MarinaMarinaMarina
MarthaMartheMartheMárthaMártaMartaMartaMarta
MarianthiMariantheMariantheMariánthi-MariantiMarianthiMarianthi
MaryMarieMariaMaríaMáriaMariaMariaMaría
NicoleNicole-NikoléttaNikolettNicoletta-Nicolasa
PaulaPaulePaulaPolínaPaulaPaοlaPaulaPaula
PaulinaPaulinePaulinaPavlínaPaulinaPaolinaPaulinaPaulina
PenelopePénélopePenelopePinelópiPénelopéPenelopePenélopePenélope
QueenReineKöniginVasílissa-ReginaRainhaReina
RaphaelaRaphaëlleRaffaelaRafailía-RaffaellaRafaelaRafaela
RebeccaRebeccaRebekkaRevékka-RebeccaRebecaRebeca
SimoniSimone-Simóni-Simone--
SophiaSophieSophiaSofíaZsófiaSofiaSofiaSofía
Sundy--Kyriakí-DomenicaDiomingaDominga
SusanSuzanneSusanneSouzánaZsuzsannaSusannaSusanaSusana
SylviaSylvieSylviaSýlviaSzilviaSilviaSílviaSilvia
TheresaThérèseTheresa-TeréziaTeresaTeresaTeresa
ValerieValérie-Valéria-ValeriaValeriaValeria
Vicky BasiliqueBasilikaVasilikíBazilikaBasilicaBasílicaBasílica
Victoria VictoireViktoriaViktoríaVictoriaVittoriaVitóriaVictoria
VickoVictoireViktoriaViktoríaVictoriaVittoriaVitóriaVictoria
Violet Violette-Violétta-ViolettaVioletaVioleta

Surnames

According to Christopher Daniell, in 1140 marked what might be the first recorded use of a modern surname, inherited by multiple generations. These were not always regularly formed: for example, the sons of a certain French named Robert used a modern inheritable surname, FitzGerald , in honour of an earlier relative, named Gerald. [4]

While it is normal for a child to be given one of their parents' surnames, traditionally the father's (or increasingly some combination of the two), there is nothing in UK law that explicitly requires this. Under English common law, a person may use any name as a legal name, though most people use their birth name (as registered on the Register of Births, Marriages and Deaths, regulated by the Registration of Births and Deaths Regulations 1987, which allows only characters that are used in English or Welsh), often using a spouse's surname (proved with a marriage certificate), or (if an adult) a name formally declared by deed poll. No regulations include any specific provisions regarding what names are acceptable. Nonetheless, the General Register Office and various organizations that help with creating and enrolling deed polls will reject anything that is unreasonable (racist, offensive, fraudulent, implying a title of nobility not held, unpronounceable, not in the Latin script, etc.).

Compound surnames

Double-barrelled names may be formed for a variety of reasons, including combining of spouses' surnames upon marriage or, more commonly in the past, adding another family's surname as a condition of inheritance. [5]

Compound surnames in English feature two or more words, often joined by a hyphen or hyphens: for example, Henry Hepburne-Scott. A few families have three or four words making up their surname, such as Charles Hepburn-Stuart-Forbes-Trefusis, 21st Baron Clinton and Alexander Charles Robert Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry. However, it is not unusual for compound surnames to be composed of separate words not linked by a hyphen, for example Iain Duncan Smith, a former leader of the Conservative Party, whose surname is "Duncan Smith".

See also

References

  1. ↑ "English Names". www.behindthename.com.
  2. ↑ Douglas A. Galbi. Long-Term Trends in Personal Given Name Frequencies in the UK, 2002
  3. ↑ "Baby names in England and Wales - Office for National Statistics". www.ons.gov.uk.
  4. ↑ Christopher Daniell (2013). From Norman Conquest to Magna Carta: England 1066–1215. Routledge. p. 33. ISBN   9781136356971 . Retrieved 2017-10-26.
  5. ↑ Denison, David; Hogg, Richard (2008). A History of the English Language. Cambridge University Press. p. 334.
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